1、BFT阅读（综合）模拟试卷 41及答案与解析 一、 Part 3 0 There are many different reasons why fashion is such a powerful cultural and economic influence in developed societies at the beginning of the 21st millennium and why it has been so powerful during the twentieth century. The economic interest of manufacturers and a
2、dvertisers has certainly been important but it is highly unlikely that these would have been successful unless their message met a receptive audience within the mind of the culture. Just as men compete with one another so do women, women want to stand out and be noticed. To wear something beautiful,
3、 if not outrageous, does just this. It gives a woman a competitive advantage with regard to other women. The most brightly colored and scented flowers in the otherwise verdant green of a tropical jungle tend to attract the most visits from potential insect pollinators. How many women, when they ask
4、another woman what she is wearing to a function, do so because they want to make sure they are wearing the same thing? To be fashionable is also an indication of status because, initially in any case, designer wear is expensive and beyond the reach of most. It indicates status, power, and access to
5、resources. Fashion, initially outrageous, is then copied by other women so that by definition it becomes less outrageous and more the norm. The boundary keeps moving further back so that the outrageous has to become even more extreme. However, equally important is to wear something “new“. Women do n
6、ot like to always look the same. This, for many of them, is a psychological preference which probably evolved in response to the Coolidge effect in men. To wear something different, to have a different make-up, a different style is to bring an element of “newness“ into the equation and to appeal to
7、mens(or her mans)innate desire for novelty. Of course, the risk in the new look or the new hairstyle is that it will not be found to be attractive, hence the significant anxiety which women often find themselves experiencing when they make such a change. 1 The article is a(an)_. （ A） argumentation （
8、 B） exposition （ C） narration （ D） description 2 According to the passage, one womans advantage over another lies in _. （ A） intelligence （ B） economic status （ C） how fashionable her dress is （ D） social status 3 What does the word “outrageous“(Line 2, Para. 2)probably mean? （ A） Unusual. （ B） Attr
9、active. （ C） Expensive. （ D） Terrible. 4 What is the Coolidge Effect(Line 3, Para. 3)? （ A） A desire for recognition. （ B） A desire for belongings. （ C） A preference for diversity. （ D） A willingness to resemble others. 5 Which of the following statements is FALSE? （ A） Outrageous fashion may not be
10、 beautiful. （ B） Man has an innate desire for newness. （ C） Women dont like asking another woman what she is wearing to a function. （ D） Fashion is a powerful cultural and economic influence in developed countries. 6 All of the following statements are the reasons why women choose fashion EXCEPT_. （
11、 A） they want to stand out and be noticed （ B） they want to show status in fashionable clothes （ C） they want to wear something different to appeal to men （ D） they want to show their specific cultural background 7 The main purpose of this article is to _. （ A） illustrate the advantages of fashion （
12、 B） explain why fashion is popular among women （ C） analyze womens psychological response to fashion （ D） explain the culture background of fashion 7 Experiments have shown that in selecting personnel for a job, interviewing is at best a hindrance, and may even cause harm. These studies have disclos
13、ed that the judgments of interviewers differ markedly and bear little or no relationship to the adequacy of job applicants. Of the many reasons why this should be the case, three in particular stand out. The first reason is related to an error of judgment known as the halo effect. If a person has on
14、e noticeable good trait, their other characteristics will be judged as better than they really are. Thus, an individual who dresses smartly and shows self-confidence is likely to be judged capable of doing a job well regardless of his or her real ability. Interviewers are also prejudiced by an effec
15、t called the primacy effect. This error occurs when interpretation of later information is distorted by earlier connected information. Hence, in an interview situation, the interviewer spends most of the interview trying to confirm the impression given by the candidate in the first few moments. Stud
16、ies have repeatedly demonstrated that such an impression is unrelated to the aptitude of the applicant. The phenomenon known as the contrast effect also skews the judgment of interviewers. A suitable candidate may be underestimated because he or she contrasts with a previous one who appears exceptio
17、nally intelligent. Likewise, an average candidate who is preceded by one who gives a weak showing may be judged as more suitable than he or she really is. Since interviews as a form of personnel selection have been shown to be inadequate, other selection procedures have been devised which more accur
18、ately predict candidate suitability. Of the various tests devised, the predictor which appears to do this most successfully is cognitive ability as measured by a variety of verbal and spatial tests. 8 What does the paragraph mainly discuss? （ A） How to be successful in an interview. （ B） The procedu
19、re of interview. （ C） The inadequacy of interviewing job applicants. （ D） How to judge an interviewer. 9 What does “hindrance“(Line 2, Para. 1)probably mean? （ A） Obstacle. （ B） Advantage. （ C） Incentive. （ D） Standard. 10 Which of the following is NOT the reason of inadequacy of interview? （ A） Hal
20、o effect. （ B） Primacy effect. （ C） Contrast effect. （ D） Cognitive effect. 11 All of the following statements about the halo effect are false EXCEPT _. （ A） it is the worst judgmental error （ B） it works only when an interviewee dressed smartly and is self-confident （ C） it exemplifies how one good
21、 characteristic colors perceptions （ D） it contributes to the adequacy of interviewing job applicants 12 According to the passage, a suitable candidate may be underestimated by the contrast effect because _. （ A） the candidate has no noticeable good trait （ B） the previous candidate may appears exce
22、ptionally intelligent （ C） the candidate lacks self-confidence （ D） the candidate leaves a bad first impression 13 According to the passage, the impression given in the first few moments _. （ A） is vital to the decision of the interviewer （ B） is closely related to the aptitude of the applicant （ C）
23、 corresponds to the later information of the applicant （ D） can be easily changed 14 Which one is true about cognitive test? （ A） It tests the applicants verbal ability. （ B） It tests the applicants spatial ability. （ C） It is a more reliable way to test applicant suitability. （ D） It is a hindrance
24、 to personnel selection. 14 Film has properties that set it apart from painting, sculpture, novels, and plays. It is also, in its most popular and powerful form, a storytelling medium that shares many elements with the short story and the novel. And since film presents its stories in dramatic form,
25、it has even more in common with the stage play: both plays and movies act out or dramatize, show rather than tell, what happens. Unlike the novel, short story, or play, however, film is not handy to study; it cannot be effectively frozen on the printed page. The novel and short story are relatively
26、easy to study because they are written to be read. The stage play is slightly more difficult to study because it is written to be performed. But plays are printed, and because they rely heavily on the spoken word, imaginative readers can conjure up at least a pale imitation of the experience they mi
27、ght have been watching a performance on stage. This cannot be said of the screenplay, for a film depends greatly on visual and other nonvisual elements that are not easily expressed in writing. The screenplay requires so much “filling in“ by our imagination that we cannot really approximate the expe
28、rience of a film by reading a screenplay, and reading a screenplay is worthwhile only if we have already seen the film. Thus, most screenplays are published not to read but rather to be remembered. Still, film should not be ignored because studying it requires extra effort. And the fact that we do n
29、ot generally “read“ films does not mean we should ignore the principles of literary or dramatic analysis when we see a film. Literature and films do share many elements and communicate many things in similar ways. Perceptive film analysis rests on the principles used in literary analysis, and if we
30、apply what we have learned in the study of literature to our analysis of films, we will be far ahead of those who do not. Therefore, before we turn to the unique elements of film, we need to look into the elements that film shares with any good story. Dividing film into its various elements for anal
31、ysis is a somewhat artificial process, for the elements of any art form never exist in isolation, it is impossible, for example, to isolate plot from character: events influence people, and people influence events; the two are always closely interwoven in any fictional, dramatic, or cinematic work.
32、Nevertheless, the analytical method uses such a fragmenting technique for ease and convenience. But it does so with the assumption that we can study these elements in isolation without losing sight of their interdependence or their relationship to the whole. 15 What is mainly discussed in the text?
33、（ A） The uniqueness of film. （ B） The importance of film analysis. （ C） How to identify the techniques a film uses. （ D） The relationship between film analysis and literary analysis. 16 Why is it not handy to study film? （ A） Because screenplay is not as well written as literary works. （ B） Because
34、a film cannot be effectively represented by a printed screenplay. （ C） Because a film is too complicated. （ D） Because publishers prefer to publish literary works. 17 From the third paragraph we learn that _. （ A） the means by which we analyze a literary work cannot be applied to the analysis of the
35、 film （ B） a good film and a good story have many elements in common （ C） we should not pay extra effort to study films （ D） using the principles of literary analysis makes no difference in film analysis 18 The word “screenplay“ in paragraph 2 most probably means _. （ A） theatrical work （ B） stage d
36、irections （ C） the script of a film （ D） film captions 19 Which of the following is true in the comparison between film and play? （ A） The principle of dramatic analysis is useless in analyzing a film. （ B） The screenplay is more difficult to understand than the stage play. （ C） The stage play is mo
37、re difficult to understand than the screenplay. （ D） Both prefer to show rather than tell what happens. 20 Why cant we divide film into various elements for analysis? （ A） Because these elements are interwoven with each other and cannot be separated without failing to appreciate a film as a whole. （
38、 B） Because films cannot be written down and it is inconvenient to analyze them. （ C） Because films elements are too complicated. （ D） Because films need not to be analyzed in detail. 21 What does the word “it“ refer to in the last sentence of the passage? （ A） The analytical method. （ B） The fragme
39、nting technique. （ C） Ease. （ D） Convenience. 21 In Britain, agreements for inviting and entertaining guest at a wedding are usually the responsibility of the brides family. In most cases, mainly friends and relations of both families are invited. But when the brides father is a businessman of some
40、kind, the wedding reception may provide a useful occasion for establishing social connections with clients and customers and other people whose will may be of advantage to him. It is, however, the brides mother who has the job of sending the formal printed invitation cards. In the case of a church w
41、edding, the vicar of each parish in which the bride and the bridegroom live is normally informed about a month advance of the ceremony so that the announcement of the coming wedding can be made in church on each of three Sundays before it takes place. Anyone who may know of an existing marriage of t
42、heir partner is order to give information about it, though this means of avoiding bigamy(重婚 )must have been more effective in the days when people moved about the world less than they do today. Often up to a hundred or more people attend the religious service and the bride usually wears the traditio
43、nal long white dress and veil, while her bridesmaids, who are often children, wear long dresses in attractive colors. This may also happen in the case of a civil wedding in a register office but is probably less usually. The reception, which follows, may be held in a restaurant, a local hall or, whe
44、n there are a few guests, in the brides own home. Refreshments are provided, a special iced wedding cake is cut and distributed to the guests, toasts are drunk and dancing may follow. At some point in the celebrations, the bride goes off to change into the everyday clothes and then leaves the party
45、with her husband to go on their honeymoon. The journey they will make together, often in romantic surroundings abroad. 22 It is the brides parents who normally have to _. （ A） make all the arrangements for the wedding （ B） provide hospitality for people attending （ C） decided who shall be invited （
46、D） pay all the expenses involved 23 According to the passage, some guests may be invited because _. （ A） they are likely to be annoyed if they are not （ B） they may give valuable presents （ C） their presence could provide future benefits （ D） they may help with expense of the wedding 24 Why are the
47、arrangements for a church wedding usually made some time before? （ A） To allow the necessary length of time for publishing the wedding. （ B） To provide time for organizing the reception. （ C） To make sure that the guests can arrange to be free on the day. （ D） To ensure a thorough investigation of t
48、he couple exists marital statues. 25 What possible difference is suggested between the church and a civil wedding? （ A） Civil weddings are less commonly followed by a reception. （ B） It is less usually for guests to attend the civil wedding formalities. （ C） Guests at civil wedding are less formally
49、 addressed. （ D） There should be less attention at the letter to convention and picturesque effect. 26 The reception normally takes place in the brides room if_. （ A） this is a large one （ B） there is enough room to entertain the guests invited （ C） the parent can not afforded a hall （ D） there is to be no party afterwards 27 After the wedding, the bride and the bridegroom would probably _. （ A） have a journey （ B） live romantically （ C） lead the lives just as wife and husband do （ D） go on their honeymoon 28
