1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 129及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 The human body is suitably described as “a highly complex self w genera- tor“because if it is given the r
3、ight fuel, it is capable of both curing and【 1】 【 1】_ _ off diseases, our body can be compared to a matching, if it is not prop- edy looked after, it will become【 2】 _,sluggish, or clogged and parts of 【 2】_ the mechanism will not be kept in good working order. In order to function expertly, our bod
4、y needs carbohydrates, protein, fat, 【 3】 _ and minerals, coupled with regular exercise. But an excessive in- 【 3】_ take of carbohydrates should be avoided because they will mostly【 4】 _ to 【 4】 _ fat. Protein is important for tissue building. The recommended minimum a- 【 5】_ mount the average perso
5、n needs is【 5】 _ grams a day, an excess or a defi- ciency of which is not advisable as it is indispensable to human growth. Animal fats, good sources of energy, are sometimes likely to cause in- 【 6】_ creased cholesterol levels in tbe【 6】 _ so people suffering from heart com- plaints should avoid ea
6、ting them. Vitamins are also regarded as essential requirements fox health. Deficiency 【 7】_ of vitamins, whether A or C, will reduce our bodys resistance to【 7】 _ Calcium, iron and iodine are the important minerals we need. Milk, liver, lemils and dates are rich in minerals. 【 8】 _ Natural foods ar
7、e always best. Don t rely on too much on “【 8】 _ foods“, appetizing and labouring- saving as they are, because the preserva- 【 9】_ tires, artificial colouring and additives in the【 9】 _ foods we buy will do us harm. Besides the factors of climate, age and occupation, in order to achieve a 【 10】_ bal
8、anced diet, we must also consider the following four points:【 10】 _ environment, employment and emotional stress. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answ
9、er the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the interview, a nerd camp is a summer camp for children with _. （ A） athlet
10、ic talents （ B） extremely smart minds （ C） musical gifts （ D） strong scientific interest 12 What do children do in a nerd camp? （ A） They spend most time playing. （ B） They spend most time studying. （ C） They try to learn how to get along with other kids. （ D） They go on tours of various universitie
11、s. 13 The speakers view towards skipping grade is that _. （ A） smart kids should be allowed to skip grades for further development （ B） children should stay within the same group, however smart they may be （ C） parents complaints are important in deciding grade skipping （ D） children can skip piano
12、class, but not reading or algebra class 14 As far as social behavior is concerned, smart children usually _ children of similar age. （ A） act more politely than （ B） act more rudely than （ C） act just in a same way as （ D） hate to stay with 15 The speaker believes that _. （ A） intelligence can decid
13、e future success （ B） nerd campers will become extremely successful （ C） intelligence can be very important for success （ D） intelligence makes it difficult to define success SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the
14、 questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 _ voters defeated the countrys conservative government, which had supported the American-led war in Iraq. （ A） French （ B） Spanish （ C） British （ D） Russian 17 In the terrorism in Beslan, R
15、ussia more than 300 people were killed, most of them _. （ A） passengers （ B） teachers （ C） parents （ D） children 18 In order to help the people in remote areas of 11 countries hit by the tsunami, a massive effort is underway to get all the following things for them except _. （ A） food （ B） oil （ C）
16、water （ D） medical care 19 What has caused the huge waves? （ A） An earthquake. （ B） A heavy storm. （ C） The eruption of a volcano. （ D） The seasonal wind 20 Which of the following is not on the list of the countries hardest hit by the huge waves? （ A） Indonesia （ B） Sri Lanka （ C） Malaysia （ D） Thai
17、land 20 The writing of the Constitution of the United States is an act of such genius that philosophers still wonder at its accomplishment and envy its results. Fifty-five typical American citizens met and argued for 127 days during a ferociously hot Philadelphia summer and produced one of the magis
18、terial documents of world history. Al most without being aware of their great achievement, they fashioned a nearly perfect instrument of government, and I have studied it for nearly 70 years with growing admiration for its utility and astonishment at its capacity to change with a changing world. It
19、is a testament to what a collection of typical free men can achieve. I think this is the salient fact about our Constitution. All other nations which were in existence in 1787 have had to alter their form of government in the intervening years. France, Russia and China have undergone momentous revol
20、utions. Stable nations like Sweden and Switzerland have had to change their forms radically. Even Great Britain, most stalwart of nations, has limited sharply the power of its monarch and its House of Lords. Only the United States, adhering to the precepts of its Constitution, has continued with the
21、 same form of government. We are not of the younger nations of the world; we are the oldest when it conies to having founded the government which suits it best. It is instructive to remember the 55 men who framed this document. Elder statesmen like George Washington and Benjamin Franklin contributed
22、 little to the debate but greatly to the stability and inspiration of the convention. Thomas Jefferson, perhaps the most brilliant American of those days, missed the meetings entirely; he was on diplomatic duty in France. The hard central work of determining the form of government seems to have been
23、 done by a handful of truly great men: James Madison and George Mason of Virginia, Roger Sherman of Connecticut, James Wilson and Gouverneur Morris of Pennsylvania. Alexander Hamilton of New York did not speak much but did exert considerable influence. The 55 contained a college president, a banker,
24、 a merchant, a great reaches of lawyer, a judge, a mayor, a clergyman, a state governor and a surgeon. One-sixth of the members were foreign born. Two were graduates of Oxford University, one of St. Andrews in Scotland. But the group also contained some real nonentities, including a military man who
25、 had been court-martialed for cowardice during the Revolution, some who contributed nothing to the debate, and some who were not quite able to follow what was being debated. What this mix of men did was create a miracle in which every American should take pride. Their decision to divide the power of
26、 the government into three parts-Legislative, Executive, Judicial-was a master stroke, as was the clever way in which they protected the interests of small states by giving each state two Senators, regardless of population, and the interest of large states by apportioning the House of Representative
27、s according to population. But I think they should be praised mostly because they attended to those profound principles by which free men have through the centuries endeavored to govern themselves. The accumulated wisdom of making speaks in this Constitution. (530) 21 What is the major point that th
28、e author is making in the article? （ A） The Constitution, one of the greatest documents of the world, was written by fifty-five men of varying talents and backgrounds. （ B） The Constitution owes its greatness to the fact that it has never changed in a changing world （ C） The Constitution was written
29、 by many people working together cooperatively. （ D） The Constitution was written by many people, all of whom were thinkers of the highest order. 22 Which of the following statements about the 55men framing the Constitution is TRUE? （ A） Alexander Hamilton was not among them. （ B） All of them were f
30、amous. （ C） All of them contributed much to the framing. （ D） George Washington and Benjamin Franklin were among them. 22 “The US economy is rapidly deteriorating,“ says Mr. Grannis. “The odds of a recession are now very high, perhaps by the end of the year.“ There are already some signs that import
31、ant pillars are weakening. Consumer confidence has fallen for the past two months. The housing sector, which has been buoyant, is starting to sink. Corporate profits are failing. Some analysts are especially concerned over the sharp fall of commodity prices. They believe it represents the threat of
32、deflation, it could cause a global slowdown. “The Fed will have to act forcefully to arrest the deflationary forces,“ says Robert Lamorte, chairman of Behavioral Economics, a consulting firm in San Diego. But others counter that the central bank doesnt need to intervene. They argue the Fed should wa
33、it to see real data before acting. “The fundamentals are better than the stock market reflects“, says Peter Kretzmer, an economist at Nations-Banc Montgomery Security. Indeed, President Clinton tried to do his part to calm the market during his trip to Moscow, citing the strong job market and balanc
34、ed budget. “We believe our fundamental economic policy is sound,“ he said. His comments echoed statements by Peter Rubin in Washington. Some numbers do continue to reflect a strong economy. On Sep. 1, the Conference Board released its index of leading indicators. The index rose 0. 4 percent, prompti
35、ng the business organization to predict that the nations output should increase at a moderate pace for the rest of 1998. The group sees little risk of recession in the near term. But what bas changed is the global economy. Japan and the rest of Asia are in recession. The woes are spreading to Latin
36、America. “Im now convinced we are going to have a global economic recession,“ says Sung Won Sohn, chief economist at Norwest Corp, a Minneapolis-based bank. But, he added, its not certain the US will slide into a period of negative growth. He rates the risk of recession at only i0 to 15 percent. “We
37、 will be responding to the world economic situation rather than leading it,“ he says. Still, Fed watchers dont think the central bank will act to try to save the world. “Its inconceivable the Fed could make much difference in Asia, Russia, or Latin America,“ says Lyle Gramley, a former Fed governor.
38、 After the last stock market crash, in 1987, the Federal Reserve acted quickly to provide liquidity to the markets and to lower interest rates. But the economy is in better shape this time. The banking sector is stronger and the financial markets have been able to respond to the enormous trading vol
39、ume. “It is not the Feds job to manage the stock market,“ says Mr. Kretzmen But the Fed will keep a close watch on Wall Street. If the market were to shave another 1,500 points off the Dow by the end of September, “then the Fed would think about lowering interest rates,“ says Mr. Gramley. In his vie
40、w, the Feds main concern will be the impact of a sliding market on consumer confidence. Since 40 percent of the nation bas investments in the stock market, any prolonged slide might make individuals fed less wealthy. They would cut back on vacations and “splurge“ purchases. He expects the central ba
41、nk to watch the next consumer confidence surveys and housing statistics closely. (550) 23 What did President Clinton try to do during his trip to Moscow? （ A） To pacify the market. （ B） To make a speech on American economy. （ C） To intervene. （ D） To cooperate with Russian to pursue sustainable deve
42、lopment. 24 What is the Feds main concern according to Mr. Gramley? （ A） To provide liquidity to the market. （ B） To keep a close watch on Wall Street, if there is a stock market crash, it will lower interest rates. （ C） To observe the influence of a sliding market on consumer confidence and give a
43、timely response. （ D） To prevent the stock market from sliding too much. 25 Which of the following is the most appropriate title for this passage? （ A） Threat of Deflation in US. （ B） Economic Situation in US. （ C） Where US Economy is Heading. （ D） The Sign of Recession in US Economy. 25 No one can
44、be a great thinker who does not realize that as a thinker it is his first duty to follow his intellect m whatever conclusions it may lead. Truth gains more even by the errors of one who, with due study and prep oration, thinks for himself, than by the true opinions of those who only hold them becaus
45、e they do not suffer themselves to think. Not that it is solely, or chiefly, to form great thinkers that freedom of thinking is required. On the contrary, it is as much or even more indispensable to enable average human beings to attain the mental stature which they are capable of. There have been,
46、and may again be, great individual thinkers in a general atmosphere of mental slavery. But there never has been, nor ever will be, in that atmosphere an intellectually active people. Where any people has made a temporary approach to such a character, it has been because the dread of heterodox specul
47、ation was for a time suspended. Where there is a tacit convention that principles are not to be disputed: which can occupy humanity is considered to be closed, we cannot hope to find that generally high scale of mental activity which had made some periods of history so remarkable, Never when controv
48、ersy avoided the subjects which was large and important enough to kindle enthusiasm was the mind of a people stirred up from its foundations and the impulse given which raised even persons of the most ordinary intellect to something of the dignity of thinking beings. He who knows only his own side o
49、f the case knows little of that. His reasons may be good, and no one may have been able to refute them. But if he is equally unable to refute the reasons on the opposite side; if he does not so much as know what they are, he has no ground for preferring either opinion. The rational position for him would be suspension of judgment, and unless he contents himself with that, he is either led by
