1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 334及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 How Interpreters Work? . Understanding A. About words and expressions 【 1】 _ words may be left out: 【 1】
3、_ If not knowing a key word or expression, a)admit or clarify the question if necessary, with the delegates. b)deduce from 【 2】 _ 【 2】 _ B. About ideas/concepts 【 3】 _ of different kinds of texts that 【 3】 _ a)present logical arguments b)present a sequence of 【 4】 _ 【 4】 _ c)are descriptive, focusin
4、g on an event, a scene or a situation identification of the main ideas analysis of ideas linked by 【 5】 _ 【 5】 _ . Memorization of a speech A. Objective to create a telegraphic version of the discourse to link its different parts through its semantic-logical connections B. Means of memorization conc
5、entrating on the ideas connecting main ideas to a series of 【 6】 _ 【 6】 _ focusing on the links among the main ideas . 【 7】 _ of the content in another language 【 7】 _ A. Goal: make sure the audience understand the speech. B. Suggestions: enriching ones general vocabulary and style following the pre
6、ss in ones native language watching TV, see movies, etc. in the 【 8】 _ language 【 8】 _ . Conclusion A. Interpreting is a profession that is all about communication: “make their own speech“ 【 9】 _ the speeches they interpret 【 9】 _ be faithful to the original speech as accurate as possible B. Interpr
7、eters should take advantage of all the possible 【 10】 _ available in their working languages. 【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the quest
8、ions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 The interviewees first job was with_. （ A） a newspaper （ B） the government （ C） a construction firm （
9、 D） a private company 12 The interviewee is not self-employed mainly because_. （ A） his wife likes him to work for a firm （ B） he prefers working for the government （ C） self-employed work is very demanding （ D） self-employed work is sometimes insecure 13 To study architecture in a university one mu
10、st_. （ A） be interested in arts （ B） study pure science first （ C） get good exam results （ D） be good at drawing 14 On the subject of drawing the interviewee says that_. （ A） technically speaking artists draw very well （ B） an artists drawing differs little from an architects （ C） precision is a vit
11、al skill for the architect （ D） architects must be natural artists 15 The interviewee says that the job of an architect is_. （ A） more theoretical than practical （ B） to produce sturdy, well-designed buildings （ C） more practical than theoretical （ D） to produce attractive, interesting buildings SEC
12、TION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 According to the news, these militants _. （ A） suffered severe casu
13、alties （ B） were on the recently issued list of terrorists （ C） fought with Saudi police forces （ D） were thought to be hiding in al-Rawdah district 17 Which statement is not true ? （ A） The girl was living with her mother. （ B） The landlady witnessed the crime. （ C） The girl and the suspect probabl
14、y were dating. （ D） The girl was found dead on the floor. 18 We can learn from the news that _. （ A） police provided detail in formations about the girl （ B） Tobago has a population of 1.2 million （ C） homicide increased in Tobago （ D） Tobago is generally a peaceful island 19 The reasons why the chu
15、rch wanted to burn Harry Potter books didnt include that _. （ A） it believed that the books were an abhorrence to God （ B） it believed that the books would weaken the communication with God （ C） it believed that the existence of God had been confused by the book （ D） it believed that the books would
16、 ruin the lives of many young people 20 Which statement is not true? （ A） The stories of Harry Potter are criticized in some other cities in U.S except New Mexicon. （ B） Young people are fascinated with Harry Potter. （ C） Christian churches hate Harry Potter. （ D） Pastor Jack Brock planned to bum th
17、e Harry Potter books on Sunday. 20 When I decided to quit my full. time employment it never occurred to me that I might become a part of a new international trend. A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although
18、, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming “I wanted to spend more time with my family“. Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels later, my experiment ill what the Americans term “downshifting“ has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality. I h
19、ave been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of “having it all“, preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven years in the page of She magazine, into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything. I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resign
20、ation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life“, and making the alternative move into “downshifting“ brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status. Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life
21、Kelsey used to advocate and I once enjoyed: 12 hour working days, pressured deadlines, the fearful strain of office politics and the limitations of being a parent on “quality time“. In America, the move away from juggling to a simpler, less materialistic lifestyle is a well-established trend. Downsh
22、ifting also known in America as “voluntary simplicity“has, ironically, even bred a new area of what might be termed anticonsumerism, There are a number of best-selling downshifting self-help books for people who want to simplify their lives; there are newsletters, such as The Tightwad Gazette, that
23、give hundreds of thousands of Americans useful tips on anything from recycling their cling-film to making their own soap; there are even support groups for those who want to achieve the mid-90 s equivalent of dropping out. While in America the trend started us a reaction to the economic decline afte
24、r the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late 80s and is still linked to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middle-class downshifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives. For the women of my generation who were urged to keep
25、juggling through the 80s, downshifting in the mid-90s is ant so much a search for the mythical good life growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one as personal recognition of your limitations. 21 Which of the following is true according to paragraph one? （ A） Full-time employm
26、ent is a new international trend. （ B） The writer was compelled by circumstances to leave her job. （ C） A lateral move means stepping out of full-time employment. （ D） The writer was only too eager to spend more time with her family. 22 The writer s experiment shows that downshifting _. （ A） enables
27、 her to realize her dream （ B） helps her mold a new philosophy of life （ C） prompts her to abandon her high social status （ D） leads her to accept the doctrine of She magazine 23 Whats authors feeling about her “downshifting“? （ A） She regretted quitting her job. （ B） She felt sorry for her decision
28、. （ C） She felt at ease for her present situation. （ D） She tried to drag herself out of it. 24 “Juggling ones life“ probably means living a life characterized by _. （ A） non-materialistic lifestyle （ B） a bit of everything （ C） extreme stress （ D） anti-consumerism 25 According to the passage, downs
29、hifting emerged in the U.S. as a result of _. （ A） the quick pace of modem life （ B） man s adventurous spirit （ C） man s search for mythical experiences （ D） the economic situation 25 Under existing law, a new drug may be labeled, promoted, and advertised only for those conditions in which safety an
30、d effectiveness have been demonstrated and of which the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved, or socalled “approved uses.“ Other uses have come to be called “unapproved uses“ and cannot be legally promoted. In a real sense, the term “unapproved“ is a misnomer because it includes in one ph
31、rase two categories of marketed drugs that are very different; drugs which are potentially harmful and will never be approved, and already approved drugs that have “unapproved“ uses. It is common for new research and new insights to demonstrate valid new uses for drugs already on the market. Also, t
32、here arc numerous examples of medical progress resulting from the serendipitous observations and therapeutic innovations of physicians, both important methods of discovery in the field of therapeutics. Before such advances can result in new indications for inclusion in drug labeling, however, the av
33、ailable data must meet the legal standard of substantial evidence derived from adequate and well-controlled clinical trials. Such evidence may require time to develop, and, without initiative on the part of the drug firm, it may not occur at all for certain uses. However, because medical literature
34、on new uses exists and these uses arc medically beneficial, physicians often use these drugs for such purposes prior to FDA review or changes in labeling. This is referred to as “unlabeled uses“ of drugs. A different problem arises when a particular use for a drug has been examined scientifically an
35、d has been found to be ineffective or unsafe, and yet physicians who either are uninformed or who refuse to accept the available scientific evidence continue to use the drug in this way. Such use may have been reviewed by the FDA and rejected, or, in some cases, the use may actually be warned agains
36、t in the labeling. This subset of uses may be properly termed “disapproved uses.“ Government policy should minimize the extent of unlabeled uses. If such uses are validand many areit is important that scientifically sound evidence supporting them be generated and that the regulatory system accommoda
37、te them into drug labeling. Continuing rapid advances in medical care and the complexity of drug usage, however, makes it impossible for the government to keep drug labeling up to date for every conceivable situation. Thus, when a particular use of this type appears, it is also important, and in the
38、 interest of good medical cure, that no stigma be attached to “unapproved usage“ by practitioners while the formal evidence is assembled between the time of discovery and the time the new use is included in the labeling. In the case of “disapproved uses,“ however, it is proper policy to warn against
39、 these in the package insert, whether use of a drug for these purposes by the uninformed or intransigent physician constitutes a violation of the current Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act is a matter of debate that involves a number of technical and legal issues. Regardless of that, the inclusion
40、of disapproved uses in the form of contraindications, warnings and other precautionary statements in package inserts is an important practical deterrent to improper use. Except for clearly disapproved uses, however, it is in the best interests of patient care that physicians not be constrained by re
41、gulatory statutes from exercising their best judgment in prescribing a chug for both its approved uses and any unlabeled uses it may have. 26 The author is primarily concerned with _. （ A） refuting a theory （ B） drawing a distinction （ C） discrediting an opponent （ D） condemning an error 27 Accordin
42、g to the passage, an unlabeled use of a drug is any use which _. （ A） has been reviewed by the FDA and specifically rejected （ B） has medical value but has not yet been approved by FDA for inclusion as a labeled use （ C） is authorized by the label as approved by the FDA on the basis of scientific st
43、udies （ D） is made in experiments designed to determine whether a drug is medically beneficial 28 Which of the following is true with disapproved drugs? （ A） There is nothing to prove that such drugs are not safe. （ B） It is affirmative that such drugs are ineffective and dangerous. （ C） Physicians
44、do not intend to use such drugs. （ D） Such drugs have never been tested by FDA 29 It can be inferred from the passage that the intransigent physician _. （ A） continues to prescribe a drug even though he knows it is not in the best interests of the Patient （ B） refuses to use a drug for an unlabeled
45、purpose out of fear that he may be stigmatized by its use （ C） persists in using a drug for disapproved uses because he rejects the evidence of its ineffectiveness or dangers （ D） experiments with new uses for tested drugs in an attempt to find medically beneficial uses for the drugs 30 All of the f
46、ollowing are mentioned in the passage as reasons for allowing unlabeled uses of drugs EXCEPT _. （ A） the increased cost to the patient of buying an FDA-approved drug （ B） the medical benefits which can accrue to the patient through unlabeled use （ C） the time lag between initial discovery of a medic
47、al use and FDA approval of that use （ D） the possibility that a medically beneficial use may never be clinically documented 30 Although it might have happened anywhere, my encounter with the green banana started on a steep mountain road in the interior of Brazil. My ancient jeep was straining up thr
48、ough spectacular countryside when the radiator began to leak ten miles from the nearest mechanic. The over-heated engine forced me to stop at the next village, which consisted of a small store and a scattering of houses. People gathered to look. Three fine streams of hot water spouted from holes in
49、the jacket of the radiator. “That s easy to fix,“ a man said. He sent a boy running for some green bananas. He patted me on the shoulder, assuring me everything would work out. “Green bananas,“ he smiled. Everyone agreed. We exchanged pleasantries while 1 mulled over the ramifications of the green banana. Asking questions would betray my ignorance, so I r
