1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 861及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you
2、 fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Things to be Taught in Every School I. Introduction: Importance of students ability to deal with the real world. A. Speakers opini
3、on: Advocating classes for students to enter the real world B. Students entering the world learn lessons in the【 T1】 _ way【 T1】 _ n. Five things to be taught as skills in every school. A. 【 T2】 _【 T2】 _ 【 T3】 _: Ignorance of them lead to errors【 T3】 _ credit score: The report card of real world 【 T4
4、】 _ things: Differentiation, delaying and inner sense 【 T4】 _ B. Communicating effectively one of the most【 T5】 _ skills one can develop 【 T5】 _ the most important part:【 T6】 _【 T6】 _ C.【 T7】 _【 T7】 _ dealing with people from different【 T8】 _【 T8】 _ how to socialize: a) cut the slang:【 T9】 _ and spe
5、aking appropriately【 T9】 _ b) build rapport: the art of 【 T10】 _ and approaching people【 T10】 _ D.【 T11】 _【 T11】 _ its role in our life every day: selling ideas and ourselves not only the【 T12】 _ of social skills and effective communication【 T12】 _ applicable to every job and career E.【 T13】 _【 T13】
6、 _ learn to make a(n) “【 T14】 _ “ 【 T14】 _ learn to【 T15】 _【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into
7、TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer
8、to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） Methods to help people get rich. （ B） Eight steps to make full use of money. （ C） Measures to improve the quality of life. （ D） Basic knowledge of the payoff. （ A） Do a financial checkup. （ B） Read self-help
9、 books. （ C） Do online banking. （ D） Organize their daily schedule. （ A） To have online access. （ B） To have a shoe box. （ C） To know exactly what access can be used. （ D） To know the condition of income. （ A） Tracking on the online banking. （ B） Tracking with debit cards or credit cards. （ C） Track
10、ing through checking account. （ D） Tracking with a joint account. （ A） For small purchases. （ B） For major purchases. （ C） For household expenses. （ D） For mortgage payment. （ A） Because people can get a free credit score every year. （ B） Because people can know their financial conditions. （ C） Beca
11、use people can know their spouses score. （ D） Because people can have a copy of report. （ A） Its relaxing. （ B） Its unromantic. （ C） Its painful. （ D） Its devastating. （ A） Credit cards. （ B） Checking account （ C） Financial goals. （ D） Major purchases. （ A） People who say they are financial advisers
12、. （ B） People who have reliable financial reputation. （ C） People who are good-tempered. （ D） People who are professional. （ A） Looking for someone that you melt with. （ B） Conducting lots of preparations. （ C） Checking out their background on the websites. （ D） Selecting them from friends. SECTION
13、A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 25 (1) Cheating in sport is as old as sp
14、ort itself. The athletes of ancient Greece used potions to fortify themselves before a contest, and their modern counterparts have everything from anabolic steroids and growth hormones to doses of extra red blood cells with which to invigorate their bodies. These days, however, such stimulants are f
15、rowned on, and those athletes must therefore run the gauntlet of organizations such as the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), which would rather that athletes competed without resorting to them. (2) The agencies have had remarkable success. Testing for anabolic steroids (in other words, artificial tes
16、tosterone) was introduced in the 1970s, and the incidence of cheating seems to have fallen dramatically as a result. The tests, however, are not foolproof. And a study just published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology lets fix it now without a committee meeting.“ (9) Monique Huston actually ha
17、s her dream job and many tell her its theirs, too. Shes general manager of a pub in Omaha, the Dundee Dell, which boasts 650 single-malt scotches on its menu. She visits bars, country clubs, peoples homes and Scotland for whiskey lasting. “I stumbled on my passion in life,“ she says. (10) Still, som
18、e nights she doesnt feel like drinking or smiling. “Your face hurts,“ she complains. And when you have your dream job you wonder what in the world youll do next. (11) One of the big appeals of a dream job is dreaming about it. Last year, George Reinhart saw an ad for a managing director of the priva
19、tely owned island of Mustique in the West Indies. (12) He was lured by the salary ($1 million) and a climate that beat the one enjoyed by his Boston suburb. A documentary he saw about Mustique chronicled the posh playground for the likes of Mick Jagger and Princess Margaret. He reread Herman Wouks “
20、Dont Stop the Carnival,“ about a publicity agent who leaves his New York job and buys an island hotel. In April of last year, he applied for the job. (13) He heard nothing. So last May, he wrote another letter: “I wanted to thank you for providing the impetus for so much thought and fun.“ He didnt g
21、et the job but, he says, he takes comfort that the job hasnt been filled. “So, I can still dream,“ he adds. (14) I told him the job had been filled by someone but only after he said, “I need to know, because then I can begin to dream of his failure.“ 30 According to the passage, _. （ A） many people
22、dont ask for much about their dream job （ B） most Americans are not satisfied with their jobs （ C） Lori Miller is totally satisfied with her current job （ D） Lori Miller is not satisfied with her current job at all 31 What is the role of the 4th paragraph in the development of the passage? （ A） To s
23、how that people dont ask for much about their dream job. （ B） To show that most people in America are satisfied with their jobs. （ C） To offer supporting evidence to the preceding paragraph. （ D） To provide a contrast to the preceding paragraphs. 32 All the following are mentioned as features of a d
24、ream job EXCEPT _. （ A） demonstrating duty and achievement （ B） being free of politics （ C） making people dream about it （ D） involving alcohol drinking 32 (1) Israel is a “powerhouse of agricultural technology“, says Abraham Goren of Elbit Imaging (EI), an Israeli multinational. The countrys cows c
25、an produce as much as 37 liters of milk a day. In India, by contrast, cows yield just seven liters. Spotting an opportunity, EI is going into the Indian dairy business. It will import 10,000 cows and supply fortified and flavored milk to supermarkets and other buyers. (2) So will EI lap up Indias mi
26、lk market? Not necessarily. As the Times of India points out, its cows will ruminate less than 100 miles from the headquarters of a formidable local producer the Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation, otherwise known as Amul. This Farmers Co-operative spans 2.6m members, collects 6.5m liter
27、s of milk a day, and boasts one of the longest-running and best-loved advertising campaigns in India. It has already shown “immense resilience“ in the face of multinational competition, says Arindam Bhattacharya of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG). Its ice-cream business survived the arrival of Uni
28、lever; its chocolate milk has thrived despite Nestle. (3) Indeed, Amul is one of 50 firms from China, India, Brazil, Russia and six other emerging economies that BCG has anointed as “local dynamos“. They are prospering in their home market, are fending off multinational rivals, and are not focused o
29、n expanding abroad. BCG discovered many of these firms while drawing up its “global challengers“ list of multinationals from the developing world. The companies that were venturing abroad most eagerly, it discovered, were not necessarily the most successful at home. (4) Emerging economies are still
30、prey to what Harvards Dani Rodrik has called “export fetishism“. International success remains a firms proudest boast, and with good reason: economists have shown that exporters are typically bigger, more efficient and pay better than their more parochial rivals. “Exporters are better“ was the crisp
31、 verdict of a recent review of the data. (5) Countries like India and Brazil were, after all, once secluded backwaters fenced off by high tariffs. Prominent firms idled along on government favors and captive markets. In that era, exporting was a truer test of a companys worth. But as such countries
32、have opened up, their home markets have become more trying places. Withstanding the onslaught of foreign firms on home soil may be as impressive a feat as beating them in global markets. (6) BCG describes some of the ways that feat has been accomplished. Of its 50 dynamos, 41 are in consumer busines
33、ses, where they can exploit a more intimate understanding of their compatriots tastes. It gives the example of Gol, a Brazilian budget airline, which bet that its cash-strapped customers would sacrifice convenience and speed for price. Many Gol planes therefore depart at odd hours and make several h
34、ops to out-of-the-way locations, rather than flying directly. (7) Similarly astute was Indias Titan Industries, which has increased its share of Indias wristwatch market despite the entry of foreign brands such as Timex and Swatch. It understood that Indians, who expect a good price even for old new
35、spapers, do not throw their watches away lightly, and has over 700 after-sales centers that will replace straps and batteries. (8) Exporters tend to be more capital-intensive than their home-bound peers; they also rely more on skilled labor. Many local dynamos, conversely, take full advantage of the
36、 cheap workforce at their disposal. Focus Media, Chinas biggest “out of home“ advertising company, gets messages out on flat-panel displays in 85,000 locations around the country. Those displays could be linked and reprogrammed electronically, but that might fall foul of broadcast regulations. So in
37、stead the firms fleet of workers on bicycles replaces the displays discs and flash-cards by hand. (9) The list of multinationals resisted or repelled by these dynamos includes some of the worlds biggest names: eBay and Google in China; Wal-Mart in Mexico; SAP in Brazil. But Mr. Goren of EI is not to
38、o worried about Amul. The market is big enough for everybody, he insists. Nothing, then, is for either company to cry about. 33 According to the passage, after EI enters the Indian dairy business, _. （ A） Indias milk market will not necessarily be greatly influenced （ B） Indias milk market will be c
39、ompletely lapped up （ C） Amul will lose in the competition with EI （ D） Unilever and Nestle will leave the Indian market 34 All of the following are ways to accomplish the feat of withstanding the onslaught of foreign firms on home soil EXCEPT _. （ A） relying more on skilled labor （ B） specializing
40、in consumer businesses （ C） taking advantage of the cheap workforce （ D） better understanding home consumers tastes 35 Which of the following would the author most probably agree? （ A） Not all of the developing worlds most successful companies are globalizing. （ B） Companies venturing abroad most ea
41、gerly are the most successful at home. （ C） Local dynamos are the most successful firms all over the world. （ D） Globalizing is not good for companies in emerging economies. 35 (1) It is hard for modern people to imagine the life one hundred years ago. No television, no plastic, no ATMs, no DVDs. Il
42、lnesses like tuberculosis, diphtheria, pneumonia meant only death. Of course, cloning appeared only in science fiction. Not to mention, computer and Internet. (2) Today, our workplace are equipped with assembly lines, fax machines, computers. Our daily life is cushioned by air conditioners, cell pho
43、nes. Antibiotics helped created a long list of miracle drugs. The bypass operation saved millions. The discovery of DNA has revolutionized the way scientists think about new therapies. Man finally stepped on the magical and mysterious Moon. With the rapid changes we have been experiencing, the antic
44、ipation for the future is higher than ever. (3) A revolutionary manufacturing process made it possible for anyone to own a car. Henry Ford is the man who put the world on wheels. (4) When it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our lives, you cannot overlook Henry Ford. A hi
45、storian a century from now might well conclude that it was Henry Ford who most influenced all manufacturing everywhere, even to this day, by introducing a new way to make cars one, strange to say, that originated in slaughter houses. (5) Back in the early 1900s, slaughter houses used what could have
46、 been called a “disassembly line.“ That is, the carcass of a slain steer or a pig was moved past various meat-cutters, each of whom cut off only a certain portion. Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto. Rather than have e
47、ach worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time. Professor David Hounshell, of The University of Delaware, an expert on industrial development tells what happened: “The previo
48、us day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one magneto every 20 minutes. But on that day, on the line, the assembly team averaged one every 13 minutes and 10 seconds per person.“ (6) Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes. In 1913, Ford went all the way. Hooked to
49、gether by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towed past workers who completed them one piece at a time. It wasnt long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then. And so efficient and economical was this new system that he cut the price of his cars in half, to $260, putting them within reach of all those wh
