1、专业英语八级-试卷861及答案解析 (总分：142.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：6，分数：50.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION_2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on A
2、NSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task._Things to be Taught in Every SchoolI. Intro
3、duction: Importance of students ability to deal with the real world.A. Speakers opinion: Advocating classes for students to enter the real worldB. Students entering the world learn lessons in the【T1】 1 way【T1】 2n. Five things to be taught as skills in every school.A. 【T2】 3【T2】 4【T3】 5: Ignorance of
4、 them lead to errors【T3】 6credit score: The report card of real world【T4】 7 things: Differentiation, delaying and inner sense 【T4】 8B. Communicating effectivelyone of the most【T5】 9 skills one can develop 【T5】 10the most important part:【T6】 11【T6】 12C.【T7】 13【T7】 14dealing with people from different
5、【T8】 15【T8】 16how to socialize:a) cut the slang:【T9】 17 and speaking appropriately【T9】 18b) build rapport: the art of 【T10】 19 and approaching people【T10】 20D.【T11】 21【T11】 22its role in our life every day: selling ideas and ourselvesnot only the【T12】 23 of social skills and effective communication【
6、T12】 24applicable to every job and careerE.【T13】 25【T13】 26learn to make a(n) 【T14】 27 【T14】 28learn to【T15】 29【T15】 30（分数：30.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(2).【T2】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(3).【T3】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(4).【T4】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(5).【T5】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(6).【T6】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(7).【T7】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(8).【T8】（分
7、数：2.00）填空项1:_(9).【T9】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(10).【T10】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(11).【T11】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(12).【T12】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(13).【T13】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(14).【T14】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(15).【T15】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_3.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At
8、 the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each quest
9、ion on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions._A.Methods to help people get rich.B.Eight steps to make full use of money.C.Measures to improve the quality of life.D.Basic knowledge of the payoff.A.Do a financial checkup.B.Read self-help books.C.Do online banking.D.Organize
10、 their daily schedule.A.To have online access.B.To have a shoe box.C.To know exactly what access can be used.D.To know the condition of income.A.Tracking on the online banking.B.Tracking with debit cards or credit cards.C.Tracking through checking account.D.Tracking with a joint account.A.For small
11、purchases.B.For major purchases.C.For household expenses.D.For mortgage payment.A.Because people can get a free credit score every year.B.Because people can know their financial conditions.C.Because people can know their spouses score.D.Because people can have a copy of report.A.Its relaxing.B.Its u
12、nromantic.C.Its painful.D.Its devastating.A.Credit cards.B.Checking accountC.Financial goals.D.Major purchases.A.People who say they are financial advisers.B.People who have reliable financial reputation.C.People who are good-tempered.D.People who are professional.A.Looking for someone that you melt
13、 with.B.Conducting lots of preparations.C.Checking out their background on the websites.D.Selecting them from friends.二、READING COMPREHENSIO(总题数：11，分数：44.00)4.PART II READING COMPREHENSION_5.SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-c
14、hoice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer._(1) Cheating in sport is as old as sport itself. The athletes of ancient Greece used potions to fortify themselves before a contest, and their
15、 modern counterparts have everything from anabolic steroids and growth hormones to doses of extra red blood cells with which to invigorate their bodies. These days, however, such stimulants are frowned on, and those athletes must therefore run the gauntlet of organizations such as the World Anti-Dop
16、ing Agency (WADA), which would rather that athletes competed without resorting to them. (2) The agencies have had remarkable success. Testing for anabolic steroids (in other words, artificial testosterone) was introduced in the 1970s, and the incidence of cheating seems to have fallen dramatically a
17、s a result. The tests, however, are not foolproof. And a study just published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism by Jenny Jakobsson Schulze and her colleagues at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden suggests that an individuals genetic make-up could confound them in two different wa
18、ys. One genotype, to use the jargon, may allow athletes who use anabolic steroids to escape detection altogether. Another may actually be convicting the innocent. (3) The test usually employed for testosterone abuse relies on measuring the ratio of two chemicals found in the urine: testosterone gluc
19、uronide (TG) and epitestosterone glucuronide (EG). The former is produced when testosterone is broken down, while the latter is unrelated to testosterone metabolism, and can thus serve as a reference point for the test. Any ratio above four of the former to one of the latter is, according to officia
20、l Olympic policy, considered suspicious and leads to more tests. (4) However, the production of TG is controlled by an enzyme that is, in turn, encoded by a gene called UGT2B17. This gene comes in two varieties, one of which has a part missing and therefore does not work properly. A person may thus
21、have none, one or two working copies of UGT2B17, since he inherits one copy from each parent. Dr. Schulze guessed that different numbers of working copies would produce different test results. She therefore gave healthy male volunteers whose genes had been examined a single 360mg shot of testosteron
22、e (the standard dose for legitimate medical use) and checked their urine to see whether the shot could be detected. (5) The result was remarkable. Nearly half of the men who carried no functional copies of UGT2B17 would have gone undetected in the standard doping test. By contrast, 14% of those with
23、 two functional copies of the gene were over the detection threshold before they had even received an injection. The researchers estimate this would give a false-positive testing rate of 9% in a random population of young men. (6) Dr. Schulze also says there is substantial ethnic variation in UGT2B1
24、7 genotypes. Two-thirds of Asians have no functional copies of the gene (which means they have a naturally low ratio of TG to EG), compared with under a tenth of Caucasianssomething the anti-doping bodies may wish to take into account. (7) In the meantime, Dr. Schulzes study does seem to offer innoc
25、ents a way of defending themselves. Athletes traveling to Beijing for the Olympic games may be wise to travel armed not only with courage and the spirit of Olympianism, but also with a copy of their genetic profile, just in case.（分数：8.00）(1).The second paragraph implies that testing for anabolic ste
26、roids _.（分数：2.00）A.is always accurate and reliableB.is proved to be inaccurateC.may sometimes show inaccuracyD.has helped end doping in sport(2).According to official Olympic policy, which of the following ratio between TG and EG is considered suspicious?（分数：2.00）A.1 : 1.B.2.5 : 1.C.3.3 : 1.D.4.5 :
27、1.(3).Which of the following is NOT true about UGT2B17, according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.None, one or two working copies of UGT2B17 can be found in different people.B.Test results would depend on numbers of working copies of UGT2B17.C.Most Caucasians have no functional copies of UGT2B17.D.Most As
28、ians have no functional copies of UGT2B17.(4).Why does the author suggest the athletes bring a copy of their genetic profile to the Olympic Games?（分数：2.00）A.Because it is required by the Beijing Olympic Games Committee.B.Because it may defend them against unfavorable testosterone test results.C.Beca
29、use it is one of the ways to show spirit of Olympianism.D.Because it will help them to perform better in the Olympic Games.(1) Asked what job they would take if they could have any, people unleash their imaginations and dream of exotic places, powerful positions or work that involves alcohol and a p
30、aycheck at the same time. Or so youd think. (2) None of those appeals to Lori Miller who, as a lead word processor, has to do things that dont seem so dreamy, which include proofreading, spell checking and formatting. But she loves it I like and respect nearly all my co-workers, and most of them fee
31、l the same way about me, she says. Just a few things would make it a little better, she says, including a shorter commute and the return of some great people who used to work there. And one more thing: Shed appreciate if everyone would put their dishes in the dishwasher. (3) Its not a lot to ask for
32、 and, it turns out, a surprising number of people dreaming up their dream job dont ask for much. One could attribute it to lack of imagination, setting the bar low or anchoring, the term referring to the place people start and never move far from. One could chalk it up to rationalizing your plight.
33、(4) But maybe people simply like what they do and arent, as some management would have you believe, asking for too muchjust the elimination of a small but disproportionately powerful amount of office inanity. That may be one reason why two-thirds of Americans would take the same job again without he
34、sitation and why 90% of Americans are at least somewhat satisfied with their jobs, according to a Gallup Poll. (5) The matters that routinely rank high on a satisfaction scale dont relate to money but work as a means for demonstrating some sort of responsibility and achievement, says Barry Staw, pro
35、fessor of leadership and communication at University of California, Berkeleys Haas School of Business. Payeven when its important, its not for what you can buy, its a validation of your work and approval. (6) So, money doesnt interest Elizabeth Gray as much as a level playing field. I like what I do
36、, says the city project manager who once witnessed former colleagues award a contractor, paid for work he never completed, with the title of Contractor of the Year. (7) Thus: My dream job would be one free of politics, she says. All advancement would be based on merit. The people who really did the
37、work would be the ones who received the credit. (8) Frank Gastner has a similar ideal: VP in charge of destroying inane policies. Over the years, hes had to hassle with the simplest of design flaws that would cost virtually nothing to fix were it not for the bureaucracies that entrenched them. So, t
38、he retired manufacturers representative says he would address product and process problems with the attitude, Its not right; lets fix it now without a committee meeting. (9) Monique Huston actually has her dream joband many tell her its theirs, too. Shes general manager of a pub in Omaha, the Dundee
39、 Dell, which boasts 650 single-malt scotches on its menu. She visits bars, country clubs, peoples homes and Scotland for whiskey lasting. I stumbled on my passion in life, she says. (10) Still, some nights she doesnt feel like drinkingor smiling. Your face hurts, she complains. And when you have you
40、r dream job you wonder what in the world youll do next. (11) One of the big appeals of a dream job is dreaming about it. Last year, George Reinhart saw an ad for a managing director of the privately owned island of Mustique in the West Indies. (12) He was lured by the salary ($1 million) and a clima
41、te that beat the one enjoyed by his Boston suburb. A documentary he saw about Mustique chronicled the posh playground for the likes of Mick Jagger and Princess Margaret. He reread Herman Wouks Dont Stop the Carnival, about a publicity agent who leaves his New York job and buys an island hotel. In Ap
42、ril of last year, he applied for the job. (13) He heard nothing. So last May, he wrote another letter: I wanted to thank you for providing the impetus for so much thought and fun. He didnt get the job but, he says, he takes comfort that the job hasnt been filled. So, I can still dream, he adds. (14)
43、 I told him the job had been filled by someonebut only after he said, I need to know, because then I can begin to dream of his failure.（分数：6.00）(1).According to the passage, _.（分数：2.00）A.many people dont ask for much about their dream jobB.most Americans are not satisfied with their jobsC.Lori Mille
44、r is totally satisfied with her current jobD.Lori Miller is not satisfied with her current job at all(2).What is the role of the 4th paragraph in the development of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.To show that people dont ask for much about their dream job.B.To show that most people in America are satisfied
45、with their jobs.C.To offer supporting evidence to the preceding paragraph.D.To provide a contrast to the preceding paragraphs.(3).All the following are mentioned as features of a dream job EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.demonstrating duty and achievementB.being free of politicsC.making people dream about itD.i
46、nvolving alcohol drinking(1) Israel is a powerhouse of agricultural technology, says Abraham Goren of Elbit Imaging (EI), an Israeli multinational. The countrys cows can produce as much as 37 liters of milk a day. In India, by contrast, cows yield just seven liters. Spotting an opportunity, EI is going into the Indian dairy business. It will import 10,000 cows and sup
