1、中国科学院考博英语模拟试卷 25及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The police have offered a large_for information leading to the robbers arrest. （ A） award （ B） compensation （ C） prize （ D） reward 2 I arrived at the airport so late that I_missed the plane. （ A） only （ B） quite （ C） narrowly （ D） seldom 3 The pop
2、ularity of the film shows that the reviewers fears were completely_. （ A） unjustified （ B） unjust （ C） misguided （ D） unaccepted 4 The head of the Museum was_and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts. （ A） promising （ B） agreeing （ C） pleasing （ D） obliging 5 The multinational corporation
3、was making a take-over_for a property company. （ A） application （ B） bid （ C） proposal （ D） suggestion 6 The partys reduced vote was_of lack of support for its policies. （ A） indicative （ B） positive （ C） revealing （ D） evident 7 There has been a_lack of communication between the union and the manag
4、ement. （ A） regretful （ B） regrettable （ C） regretting （ D） regretted 8 The teacher_expects his students to pass the university entrance examination. （ A） confident （ B） proudly （ C） assuredly （ D） confidently 9 The_family in Chinese cities now spends more money on housing than before. （ A） normal （
5、 B） average （ C） usual （ D） general 10 The new colleague_to have worked in several big corporations before he joined our company. （ A） confess （ B） declares （ C） claims （ D） confirms 11 At three thousand feet,wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not_
6、. （ A） on view （ B） at a glance （ C） on the scene （ D） in sight 12 The first two stages in the development of civilized man were probably the invention of weapons and the discovery of fire,although nobody knows exactly when he acquired the use of the_. （ A） latter （ B） latest （ C） later （ D） last 13
7、 It will take us twenty minutes to get to the railway station,_traffic delays. （ A） acknowledging （ B） affording （ C） allowing for （ D） accounting for 14 He will have to_his indecent behaviour one day. （ A） answer to （ B） answer for （ C） answer back （ D） answer about 15 With_exceptions,the former pr
8、esident does not appear in public now. （ A） rare （ B） unusual （ C） extraordinary （ D） unique 16 We have been hearing_accounts of your work. （ A） favoured （ B） favourable （ C） favourite （ D） favouring 17 During the summer holiday season there are no_rooms in this seaside hotel. （ A） empty （ B） blank
9、（ C） deserted （ D） vacant 18 Drive straight ahead, and then you will see a_to the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway. （ A） sign （ B） mark （ C） signal （ D） board 19 Whenever possible, Ian_how well he speaks Japanese. （ A） shows up （ B） shows around （ C） shows off （ D） shows out 20 The tenant left nothing be
10、hind except some_of paper,cloth,etc. （ A） sheets （ B） scraps （ C） pages （ D） slices 二、 Cloze 20 Americas Federal Reserve cut interest rates by another quarter-point,to 3. 75%. Wall Street,which had been【 C1】 _for a sixth half-point cut,was disappointed. The Dow fell by 2%【 C2】 _the week. The past we
11、eks economic statistics gave mixed signals. Exports dropped by 2%in both March and April, largely【 C3】 _a decline in high-tech investment【 C4】 _;the merchandise-trade【 C5】_widened to $ 458 billion in the 12 months【 C6】 _April.【 C7】 _,the Conference Boards index of consumer confidence was higher than
12、【 C8】 _in June. Concerns【 C9】 _inflation in the Euro area【 C10】 _. Preliminary data【 C11】 _that German consumer, price inflation fell to 3. 1%in the year to June,from 3. 5%in May;wage growth【 C12】 _to 1. 4%in April,a real pay cut of 1. 5%. Some economists fear that Germany is on the【 C13】 _of recess
13、ion. The IFO index of business confidence dropped more【 C14】 _than expected in May,and the institute has cut its forecast of GDP【 C15】 _this year to only 1. 2%,well below the German governments forecast of 2%. 21 【 C1】 （ A） expecting （ B） hoping （ C） wishing （ D） dreaming 22 【 C2】 （ A） in （ B） above
14、 （ C） during （ D） about 23 【 C3】 （ A） because of （ B） since （ C） because （ D） thanks to 24 【 C4】 （ A） at home （ B） home （ C） from abroad （ D） abroad 25 【 C5】 （ A） deficit （ B） shortage （ C） scarcity （ D） shortfall 26 【 C6】 （ A） to （ B） until （ C） up （ D） onto 27 【 C7】 （ A） Although （ B） Therefore （
15、C） However （ D） Hence 28 【 C8】 （ A） projected （ B） planned （ C） predicted （ D） expected 29 【 C9】 （ A） on （ B） for （ C） of （ D） over 30 【 C10】 （ A） stopped （ B） eased （ C） relieved （ D） improved 31 【 C11】 （ A） showed （ B） demonstrated （ C） illustrated （ D） explained 32 【 C12】 （ A） reduced （ B） cut （
16、C） slow （ D） lessened 33 【 C13】 （ A） edge （ B） rim （ C） lip （ D） brink 34 【 C14】 （ A） harshly （ B） huskily （ C） strictly （ D） severely 35 【 C15】 （ A） growth （ B） rise （ C） increase （ D） escalation 三、 Reading Comprehension 35 Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like
17、wild animals. They will spoil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively, fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. The key to preventing or treating behavi
18、or problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting. One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train(驯服 )it. Obedience training doesnt solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation f
19、or solving just about any problem. Training opens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do. Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order. When your dog obeys a simple request of “com
20、e here, sit,“ it is showing obedience and respect for you. It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the dog pack(群 )by using extreme measures. You can teach your dog its subordinate(从属的 )role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tricks for you
21、to pleasantly accept that you are in charge. Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal. 3
22、6 Behavior problems of dogs are believed to_. （ A） be just part of their nature （ B） worsen in modern society （ C） occur when they go wild （ D） present a threat to the community 37 The primary purpose of obedience training is to_. （ A） teach the dog to perform clever tricks （ B） make the dog aware t
23、o its owners authority （ C） provide the dog with outlets for its wild behavior （ D） enable the dog to regain its normal behavior 38 Effective communication between a dog and its owner is_. （ A） essential to solving the dogs behavior problems （ B） the foundation for dogs to perform tasks （ C） a good
24、way to teach the dog new tricks （ D） an extreme measure in obedience training 39 Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters? （ A） To avoid being punished. （ B） To show their affection for their masters. （ C） To win leadership of the dog pack. （ D） To show their willingness to obey. 40
25、When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner_. （ A） can give the dog more rewards （ B） will enjoy a better family life （ C） can give the dog more freedom （ D） will have more confidence in himself 41 The best title for this article is_. （ A） Proper Training Makes a Dog （ B） Importa
26、nce of Training to Dog （ C） How to train a Dog （ D） Why is Dog so Obedient 41 Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality, but when it comes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course,
27、any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department, famous reputation and lots of good labs and research equipment. But thats not what I did. I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts(文科 )university that doesnt even offer a major in electrica
28、l engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who werent studying s
29、cience or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible choice. They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years, and I believed them. I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering “factories“ wh
30、ere they didnt care if you had values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist(人文学者 )all in one. Now Im not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually do. After three years of strugglin
31、g to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal-arts courses, I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile(协调 )engineering with liberal-arts courses in college. The reality that has blocked my path to becoming the typical successful student is that e
32、ngineering and the liberal arts simply dont mix as easily as I assumed in high school. Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult. 42 The author chose to study engineering at a small liber
33、al-arts university because he_. （ A） wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality （ B） intended to be a combination of engineer and humanist （ C） wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college （ D） intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals 43 According to
34、the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts, engineering students can_. （ A） balance engineering and the liberal arts （ B） receive guidance in their careers （ C） become noble idealists （ D） broaden their horizons 44 In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is exp
35、ected_. （ A） to have an excellent academic record （ B） to be wise and mature （ C） to be imaginative with a value system to guide him （ D） to be a technical genius with a wide vision 45 The authors experience shows that he was_. （ A） creative （ B） ambitious （ C） unrealistic （ D） irrational 46 The wor
36、d “they“ in “.together they threaten to confuse.“(Line 3, Para. 5)refers to_. （ A） engineering and the liberal arts （ B） reality and noble ideals （ C） flexibility and a value system （ D） practicality and rationality 47 In the first sentence of last paragraph, the word “block“ can be best replaced wi
37、th_. （ A） prevent （ B） back （ C） mislead （ D） avoid 47 Priscilla Ouchidas “energy-efficient“ house turned out to be a horrible dream. When she and her engineer husband married a few years ago, they built a $ 100,000, three-bedroom home in California. Tightly sealed to prevent air leaks, the house wa
38、s equipped with small double-paned(双层玻璃的 )windows and several other energy-saving features. Problems began as soon as the couple moved in, however.Priscillas eyes burned. Her throat was constantly dry. She suffered from headaches and could hardly sleep. It was as though she had suddenly developed a
39、strange illness. Experts finally traced the cause of her illness. The level of formaldehyde(甲醛 )gas in her kitchen was twice the maximum allowed by federal standards for chemical workers. The source of the gas? Her new kitchen cabinets and wall-to-wall carpeting. The Ouchidas are victims of indoor a
40、ir pollution, which is not given sufficient attention partly because of the nations drive to save energy. The problem itself isnt new. “The indoor environment was dirty long before energy conservation came along,“ says Moschandreas, a pollution scientist at Geomet Technologies in Maryland. “Energy c
41、onservation has tended to accentuate the situation in some cases.“ The problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones. Back in the days when energy was cheap, home builders didnt worry much about unsealed cracks. Because of such leaks, the air in an average ho
42、me was replaced by fresh outdoor air about once an hour. As a result, the pollutants generated in most households seldom built up to dangerous levels. 48 It can be learned from the passage that the Ouchidas house_. （ A） is well worth the money spent on its construction （ B） is almost faultless from
43、the point of energy conservation （ C） failed to meet energy conservation standards （ D） was designed and constructed in a scientific way 49 What made the Ouchidas new house a horrible dream? （ A） Lack of fresh air. （ B） Poor quality of building materials. （ C） Gas leakage in the kitchen. （ D） The ne
44、wly painted walls 50 The word “accentuate“(Line 4, Para. 3)most probably means “_“. （ A） relieve （ B） accelerate （ C） worsen （ D） improve 51 Why were cracks in old houses not a big concern? （ A） Because indoor cleanness was not emphasized. （ B） Because energy used to be inexpensive. （ C） Because env
45、ironmental protection was given top priority. （ D） Because they were technically unavoidable. 52 This passage is most probably taken from an article entitled “_“ . （ A） Energy Conservation （ B） House Building Crisis （ C） Air Pollution Indoors （ D） Traps in Building Construction 53 According to the a
46、rticle, which following statement is NOT true ? （ A） Tightly sealed house may be harmful in another aspect. （ B） The house is unsealed to prevent the air from leaking. （ C） The air always leaks from cracks. （ D） New house is worse than old one in the aspect of indoor pollution. 53 In 1993, New York
47、State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage(饮料 )containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products, but because few could figure out what
48、 to do with the plastic, much of it wound up buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场 ). The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second-hand plastic. Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled(回收利用 )in the United States. The reason for the change is that now
49、 there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc. As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second lifeand until
