1、北京成人本科学位英语模拟试卷 17及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corres
2、ponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1 When we see well, we do not think about our eyes very often. (76) It is only when we cannot See perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are. People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to the
3、ir eyes. Everything else seems blurry (unclear). Many people who do a lot of work, such as writing, reading and sewing, become near-sighted. People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they
4、 hold it at arms length, lf they want to do much reading, they must get glasses, too. Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism (散光 ). This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some peoples eyes become cloudy because of cat
5、aracts(白内障 ). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them. Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle (角度 ). (77) To prove this to yourself, look at an object out
6、 of one eye; then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the objects relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge di
7、stance as people with two eyes can. 1 We should take good care of our eyes _ . （ A） only when we can see well （ B） only when we cannot see perfectly （ C） even if we can see well （ D） only when we realize how important our eyes are 2 When things far away seem indistinct (模糊不清 ), one is probably _ . （
8、 A） near-sighted （ B） far-sighted （ C） astigmatic （ D） suffering from cataracts 3 The underlined words “suffer from“ in the third paragraph probably means _ . （ A） experience （ B） imagine （ C） feel pain （ D） are affected with 4 Having two eyes instead of one is particularly useful for _ . （ A） seein
9、g at night （ B） seeing objects far away （ C） looking over a wide area （ D） judging distances 5 People who suffer from astigmatism have _ . （ A） one eye bigger than the other （ B） eyes that are not exactly the right shape （ C） a difficulty that can be corrected by an operation （ D） an eye difficulty
10、that cannot be corrected by glasses 6 When one looks back upon the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of the English language, he should be able to notice a number of significant truths. The history of our language has always been a history of constant change-at times a slow, almost imperc
11、eptible change, at other times a violent collision between two languages. Our language has always been a living, growing organism, it has never been static. Another significant truth that emerges from such a study is that language at all times has been the possession not of one class or group but of
12、 many. At one extreme it has been the property of the common, ignorant folk, who have used it in the daily business of their living, much as they have used their animals or the kitchen pots and pans. At the other extreme it has been the treasure of those who have respected it as an instrument and a
13、sign of civilization, and who have struggled by writing it down to give it some permanence, order, dignity, and if possible, a little beauty. As we consider our changing language, we should note here two developments that are of special and immediate importance to us. One is that since the time of t
14、he Anglo-Saxons there has been an almost complete reversal of the different devices for showing the relationship of words in a sentence. Anglo-Saxon (old English ) was a language of many inflections. Modem English has few inflections. (78) We must now depend largely on word order and function words
15、to convey the meanings that the older language did by means of changes in the forms of words. Function words, you should understand, are words such as prepositions, conjunctions, and a few others that are used primarily to show relationships among other words. A few inflections, however, have surviv
16、ed. And when some word inflections come into conflict with word order, there may be trouble for the users of the language, as we shall see later when we turn our attention to such matters as WHO or WHOM and ME or I. The second fact we must consider is that as language itself changes, our attitudes t
17、oward language forms change also. The eighteenth century, for example, produced from various sources a tendency to fix the language into patterns not always set in, which grew until at the present time there is a strong tendency to restudy and re-evaluate language practices in terms of the ways in w
18、hich people speak and write. 6 In contrast to the earlier linguists, modem linguists tend to _ . （ A） attempt to continue the standardization of the language （ B） evaluate language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper patterns （ C） be more concerned about the improvem
19、ent of the language than its analysis or history （ D） be more aware of the roles of the language usage 7 Choose the appropriate meaning for the word “inflections“ in Line 4 of Paragraph 2. （ A） Changes in the forms of words. （ B） Changes in sentence structures. （ C） Changes in spelling roles. （ D） W
20、ords that have similar meanings. 8 Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage? （ A） It is generally believed that the year 1500 can be set as the beginnIng of the modem English language. （ B） Other languages had great influence on the English language at different stages of it
21、s development. （ C） The English language has beech and still in a state of relatively constant change. （ D） Many classes Or groups have contributed to the development of the English language. 9 The author of these paragraphs is probably a(n) _ . （ A） historian （ B） philosopher （ C） anthropologist （
22、D） linguist 10 Which of the following is the best title for the passage? （ A） The History of the English Language （ B） Our Changing Attitude towards the English Language （ C） Our Changing Language （ D） Characteristics of Modem English 11 As regards social conventions, we must say a word about the we
23、ll-known English class system. This is an embarrassing subject for English people, and one they tend to be ashamed of, though during the present century class- consciousness has decreased, and the class system less rigid. But it still exists below the surface. Broadly speaking, there are two classes
24、, the middle class and the working class. (We shall ignore for a moment the old “upper class“, including the hereditary aristocracy, since it is extremely small in numbers; but some of its members have the right to sit in the House of Lords, and some newspapers take a surprising interest in their pr
25、ivate life.) The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds. The working class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers. (79) The most obvious difference between them is In their accent. Middle-class people use slightly varying kinds of “rece
26、ived pronunciation“ which is the kind of English spoken by BBC announcers and taught to overseas pupils. Typical working-class people speak in many different local accents which are generally felt to be rather ugly and uneducated. One of the biggest barriers to social equality in England is the two-
27、class educational system. To have been to a so-called “public school“ immediately marks one as of the middle class. The middle classes tend to live a more formal life than working class people, and are usually more cultured. (80) Their midday meal is “lunch“ and they have a rather formal evening mea
28、l called “dinner“ whereas the working mans dinner, if his working hours permit, is at midday, and his smaller, late-evening meal is called supper. As we have said, however, the class system is much less rigid than it was, and for a long time it has been government policy to reduce class distinctions
29、. Working-class students very commonly receive a university education, and working- class incomes have grown so much recently that the distinctions between the two classes are becoming less and less clear. However, regardless of ones social status, certain standards of politeness are expected of eve
30、rybody. A well-bred person is polite to everyone he meets, and treats a laborer with the same respect he gives an important businessman. Servility inspires both embarrassment and dislike. Even the word “sir“, except in school and in certain occupations (e.g. commerce, the army) sounds too servile to
31、 be commonly used. 11 The middle class mainly refers to people _ . （ A） who were born as aristocrat （ B） who have the right to sit in the House of Lords （ C） who speak in many different local accents （ D） who are prosperous businessmen or professionals 12 The most obvious difference between the work
32、ing class and the middle class in English is thek _ . （ A） dress （ B） work （ C） accent （ D） meal 13 Why isnt the word “sir“ commonly used in Britain? （ A） Because it sounds too servile and is likely to cause embarrassment. （ B） Because it can only be used in certain occupations. （ C） Because it is a
33、n impolite word. （ D） Because it shows that the speaker is not a well-bred person. 14 The upper class in England today _ . （ A） are extremely small in number so that media pays no attention to them （ B） still uses old words like “sir“ in everyday life （ C） includes the hereditary aristocracy （ D） re
34、fers only to the royal family 15 Which of the following is NOT true about the English class system? （ A） It is an embarrassing subject for English people. （ B） Working-class students cannot receive a university education. （ C） The class system is much less rigid than it was. （ D） The class system st
35、ill exists below the surface. 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer
36、 Sheet with a single line through the center. 16 It is dangerous to _ out of the window of the train. （ A） look （ B） lean （ C） bend （ D） slope 17 h was difficult to guess what her _ to the news would be. （ A） reaction （ B） impression （ C） comment （ D） opinion 18 Susan didnt _ doing the washing up, a
37、s she hadnt wanted to go out anyway. （ A） care （ B） mind （ C） matter （ D） object 19 You _ do it that way; or you might get shocked. （ A） had better （ B） mustnt （ C） neednt （ D） would rather 20 The sun warms the earth, _ makes it possible for plants to grow. （ A） this （ B） that （ C） as （ D） which 21
38、_ got into the country when it began to rain. （ A） Hardly had we （ B） Scarcely has we （ C） Rarely had we （ D） Hardly we had 22 He was _ of having asked such a silly question. （ A） tired （ B） fond （ C） ashamed （ D） miserable 23 It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not need to carr
39、y large amounts of cash; virtually all financial _ will be conducted by computer. （ A） transactions （ B） transmissions （ C） transitions （ D） transformation 24 They will _ the party for a week and hold it next Saturday. （ A） advance （ B） differ （ C） delay （ D） forgive 25 When they had finished playin
40、g, the children were made to _ all the toys that they had taken out. （ A） put off （ B） put out （ C） put up （ D） put away 26 _ a big hole on the road, the car was stopped. （ A） Having seen （ B） Seeing （ C） The driver seeing （ D） When seeing 27 Only in a few countries _ enjoy a reasonable standard of
41、living. （ A） do the whole of the population （ B） the whole of the population can （ C） can the whole of the population （ D） does the whole of the population 28 _ you object to a man, everything he does is wrong. （ A） Unless （ B） Provided （ C） Once （ D） In case 29 I dont want to lend any more money to
42、 Tom; hes already in debt _ me. （ A） to （ B） of （ C） for （ D） with 30 Barbara _ in doing it again though she had failed more than a dozen times. （ A） insisted （ B） persisted （ C） assisted （ D） consisted 31 Its a waste of time _ to him. （ A） to talk （ B） your talking （ C） being talked （ D） for you to
43、 talk 32 “How is your mother now?“ “She had her temperature _ in the hospital.“ （ A） to be taken （ B） to take （ C） taken （ D） take 33 I cant support a policy _ I have never approved. （ A） with which （ B） to which （ C） for which （ D） of which 34 It is absolutely _ that our class will win the game. （
44、A） sure （ B） exact （ C） right （ D） certain 35 That product that you bought at the lower price is _ the one that we sell at a slightly higher price. （ A） inferiorer to （ B） more inferior than （ C） inferior to （ D） inferior than 36 He was said _ a gift from her, knowing that it meant a bride. （ A） to
45、be refused （ B） to refuse （ C） to have been refused （ D） to have refused 37 _ speaking, they might make some contribution to the cause of peace. （ A） Especially （ B） Generally （ C） General （ D） Specially 38 Michael studied hard before the examination in mathematics, and it _ . He made an A. （ A） pai
46、d out （ B） paid off （ C） paid over （ D） paid well 39 It offers nothing very great _ financial compensation. （ A） by way of （ B） on the way of （ C） in a way （ D） in the way of 40 Forty people were severely _ in the crash of a passenger plane. （ A） damaged （ B） spoiled （ C） injured （ D） wounded 41 Whi
47、stling the merry tune, _. （ A） the tire was fixed （ B） the tire is fixed by Jack （ C） Jack fixed the tire （ D） Jack fixed with the tire 42 It is necessary that she _ to the hospital at once. （ A） send （ B） was sent （ C） have been sent （ D） be sent 43 Hadnt my bike broken down, I _ earlier. （ A） shou
48、ld have come （ B） would come （ C） could come （ D） had come 44 I spent two weeks in Paris last year. _ there before? （ A） Did you go （ B） Have you gone （ C） Have you been （ D） Had you gone 45 Mary, accompanied by her brothers, _ warmly welcomed by the audience. （ A） is （ B） are （ C） was （ D） were 三、
49、Part III Identification (10%) Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 46 Children may not enjoy (to eat) sweets after a meal (so much) as at other (times), but it is healthier for them (to do
