1、厦门大学考博英语模拟试卷 19及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 For the first time, we found_that allow us to connect the first phase of human evolution and the second phase. （ A） theories （ B） morasses （ C） frescos （ D） fossils 2 As welfare reform has_millions of single mothers like Patino into the workforce s
2、ince 1996, questions about its effects on families have loomed large. （ A） nudged （ B） propelled （ C） divested （ D） bumped 3 The flicker of impatience in the husbands eyes melts into bemused_as his wife asks for “just a little more time“ at the mall. （ A） resignation （ B） regradation （ C） retrial （
3、D） reverse 4 Despite much discussion, and efforts by both womens and business groups to break “the glass ceiling“ down, the worlds biggest companies are still almost_run by men. （ A） exceptionally （ B） excessively （ C） exclusively （ D） exceedingly 5 Larry Griffin was woken at three that morning to b
4、e told that his last-minute against his death sentence for the murder of Quintin Moss, 15 years before, had been unsuccessful. （ A） appeals （ B） accusation （ C） indictment （ D） prosecution 6 The workers of space shuttle Discovery got into the back of the shuttle to look for_in the electronics that s
5、end data from the sensors to onboard computers. （ A） glitches （ B） suspects （ C） orbiters （ D） pitches 7 Pick a disease at random, and the chances are that females and males will handle the pain_with it differently. （ A） connected （ B） combined （ C） associated （ D） compared 8 But like many, Turner i
6、s growing a little tired as Floridas busy hurricane season continues to_ nerves and extend hardships. （ A） sprain （ B） fray （ C） distort （ D） scuffle 9 You could refuse to_your Social Security number except for Social Security purposes, which is all that the law requires. （ A） expound （ B） divulge （
7、 C） apprehend （ D） unriddle 10 As marketers increase their communication through both print and electronic channels, the opportunity for_is growing rapidly. （ A） fraud （ B） jargon （ C） pledge （ D） motivation 11 The captain performs his duties with great_and all the crew believed that they can get ov
8、er the storm. （ A） affection （ B） suspicion （ C） assurance （ D） definition 12 Although he had done many great things, He never felt it necessary to_his achievements. （ A） lavish （ B） extravert （ C） impose （ D） vaunt 13 Its easy to _ us because were supposedly a bunch of dumb country bumpkins and red
9、necks. （ A） pick over （ B） pick off （ C） pick on （ D） pick out 14 He wants to start his own business, but_handling payroll, government compliance, and benefits chores. （ A） loathe （ B） remark （ C） uphold （ D） systematize 15 Koizumis annual visits to the notorious shrine have sparked a_of condemnatio
10、n and protests from China and the ROK because the shrine honours 14 Class-A war criminals. （ A） splash （ B） flurry （ C） particle （ D） stain 16 President Bush warned Congress on Wednesday that inaction on his push to_Social Security could breed political repercussions. （ A） accustom （ B） formulate （
11、C） overhaul （ D） dismantle 17 He was reluctant but he_because he wanted to find out more about their plans before going to the police. （ A） played along （ B） played down （ C） played about （ D） play in 18 Free will allows us to indulge our_passions; freedom leads us in the higher path to unlock lifes
12、 mystic secrets. （ A） discharging （ B） fleeting （ C） colluding （ D） displacing 19 Preliminary figures show Bibb Countys tax digest is slightly_with state guidelines, which could result in a fine of up to $ 100,000. （ A） out for the count （ B） out and out （ C） out of blast （ D） out of whack 20 The Ta
13、comas executive director and three port commissioners will be in China next week to_ advice from world port experts on improving inland transportation systems. （ A） discriminate （ B） disperse （ C） differentiate （ D） glean 21 Londons Heathrow airport, alongside many other major airports, is hoping th
14、at_ passenger numbers will be swallowed up by a new generation of huge aircraft. （ A） probate （ B） obsolete （ C） swelling . （ D） recapitulating 22 By now Dad was sixty-five, and what little lenience he may once have possessed had long since hardened into_inflexibility. （ A） compassionate （ B） friend
15、ly （ C） remorseful （ D） steely 23 What small businesses need to learn from larger competitors is how developing a dynamic learning environment _innovation, strengthens market position, and develops a true competitive advantage. （ A） propels （ B） restrains （ C） prescribes （ D） improvises 24 The chanc
16、es of infection of BSE or “mad-cow disease“ may be slight, but that does not stop people _beef en masse. （ A） shunning （ B） ignoring （ C） disregarding （ D） affronting 25 Activist parents say school kids arent_ enough to understand that a fruit-flavored soft drink doesnt have the nutritional benefits
17、 of real fruit. （ A） adulterated （ B） mingled （ C） sophisticated （ D） refined 26 Identity theft can range for the simple theft of a credit card, or it can go into more complex schemes where the thieves can_hundreds of people at a time. （ A） embody （ B） impersonate （ C） personify （ D） assume 27 Colle
18、ge Board President Gaston Caperton trumpeted rising SAT math scores and bemoaned_ verbal scores last week. （ A） motionless （ B） stagnant （ C） briskness （ D） sluggish 28 Many agents quit and say they are leaving because they are_and want better pay and more humane working conditions, including less t
19、ravel. （ A） reverted to （ B） backed up （ C） fed up （ D） thrust in 29 Don Hambrick, a management professor at Penn States Smeal College of Business, says “Its become much more_and a lot less fun to be an executive or director.“ （ A） sinking （ B） indifferent （ C） taxing （ D） slouching 30 The governmen
20、t recently presented an ambitious plan to tackle the violence and_that follow when too many people drink too much too quickly in too small an area. （ A） alienation （ B） delimitation （ C） bareness （ D） mayhem 二、 Reading Comprehension 30 Forum for the Future,working with Tesco and Unilever,reckon that
21、 by 2022 what we buy,how we buy it and who from will have changed radically. In their report,Retail Futures,they look ahead 15 years to see what lies in store for shoppers and the retail groups. They see not only new or bigger store chains,more sprawling retail parks,and more poultry products and pa
22、sta sauces. Their visions range from multi-storey car parks converted into city centre allotments or “vertical farms“with produce markets where the parking payment booths once were,to a nation of stay-at-home shoppers who let their fingers do the walking to order in almost everything they need or le
23、t their refrigerators do the talking,with automatic,direct-to-store reordering and home delivery every time yoghurt, salad or beer stocks run low. Forum for the Future, a sustainable development charity founded by veteran environmentalist Sir Jonathon Porritt and which now advises more than 100 orga
24、nizations in the public and private sector, says the reality of 2022 is probably somewhere between the two extremes. “It will be a mixture,“ said Tom Berry,the Forums main sustainability adviser. The high street is vital to the economy and the environment:nearly three million people work in retail w
25、hich generates 6%of UK GDP-and 2.5%of the countrys carbon dioxide emissions. The Forum says stores and retail groups have a disproportionate influence over societyas a result of marketing campaigns and daily dealings with consumers. The Forums researchers identified a range of factors which will aff
26、ect what we buy,how we buy and who we will buy from in the next 15 years. They include:climate change, which is likely to affect agricultural production;higheror loweroil prices;new technology;advances in energy production;more globalization and demographic changes that will mean more immigrant labo
27、r and more elderly and single person households. They could prompt new shopping formats,says the Forum,like “Tesco Silver“outlets with customized products for retired baby boomers. They also reckon the bell could be tolling for endless aisles of utility products like toilet paper and bin liners, whi
28、ch might only be sold online, or from a utility section at the back of a store, alongside vast vats of liquids like fabric conditioner, where shoppers could fill reusable containers. The long queue at the checkout could also be history when bar codes are read for prices immediately an item is droppe
29、d into a trolley. The online revolution,says the Forum,has only just started: “We can anticipate innovations such as entering your postcode for hyper-local sourcing. Consumers,however,might also use the internet to cut out the middleman and source direct from farms and manufacturers“so posing a thre
30、at to major retailers“. The explosion in the number of TV channels and the rise of the internet to download entertainment means store chains will have to work far harder to build,and keep,consumers trust. One retailer told the researchers:“We wont be able to rely on hitting millions of people at 7.4
31、5pm on a Wednesday night with a Coronation Street advertising slot“. The Forum came up with four different visions of the future depending on high or low economic growth and changing consumer outlooks;whether shoppers want more convenience or to do more for themselves;perhaps buying more locally sou
32、rced products with more information about what their families are eating and wearing. 31 What does the passage mainly talk about? （ A） The big retailers and experts have forecast an individualistic,optimistic society where technology is held in very high regards. （ B） The big retailers and experts h
33、ave gazed into the future and seen a new world of shopping. （ C） The big retailers and experts have recognized that the economy is buoyant and big busiess will met shoppers demands. （ D） The big retailers and experts have predicted that consumer confidence will be low and people rely on big business
34、 for security. 32 Which of the following behaviors has been carried out by Forum for the Future according to the passage? （ A） It provides methods for consumers to measure their energy use and carbon emission. （ B） It promotes campaigns for the big retailers to build up consumer confidence. （ C） It
35、provides counsels for some public and private organizations. （ D） It predicts that the big retailers would become more powerful in 2022. 33 According to the report,the shopping scenario for shoppers and retailers in 15 years time will include the followings, EXCEPT_. （ A） vetical farms （ B） orders f
36、rom home refrigerators （ C） home delivery （ D） fingers doing the walking 34 Which of the following aspects has influence on peoples shopping behaviors according the researchers? （ A） The changes of the population. （ B） The emission of the countrys carbon dioxide. （ C） The emerging of the baby boomer
37、s. （ D） The rearrangement at the back of the stores. 35 When the Forum advances four kinds of future consumption,the condition not taken into consideration is_. （ A） smart package products （ B） purchasing more local products （ C） economic growth （ D） consumers perspectives 35 Its often hard to see y
38、our mistakes as youre making them. When it comes to living arrangements,a humdinger is being made in this country right now and few have noticed it yet. “Yikes! The kids are moving back in! “Thus goes the mantra of the baby boom generation,circa 2007. Analysts estimate that some 18 minion adults bet
39、ween the ages of 20 and 34 live with their parents. Thats roughly a third of that age group. But letting the kids move back in is not the societal error were talking about. Instead,the big mistake is the loudly voiced chagrin of the boomers. Most mistakenly decry the notion of the boomerang generati
40、on. In order to fully appreciate the depth of the error being made here,we all need to step back a bit and look at the bigger picture. This epidemic of kids moving back home is first, not “unprecedented,“ and second,its not a bad thing. The precedent for this trend can be found among the other 6.2 b
41、illion non-Americans on the planet, many of whom happily live with their adult children,often in three-generation households. Then theres the growing number of non-Anglo Americans,including many recent immigrants,who see no problem in having adult kids contribute to the household. Finally, the agrar
42、ian history of this country before World War II allowed kids to live and work around the farm well into adulthood. Adult kids moving back home is merely the most noticeable symptom of a larger,fundamental transformation of American society. We are nationally beginning to recognize the costs of the i
43、ndependence the socalled greatest generation foisted on us. We cant blame them. They did have to grow up fast. Kids in their generation went off to World War II and grew up on the bloody beaches of distant lands. After the war,the survivors had factories to build and the wealth to buy their whitepic
44、ketfence dream out West. They designed a social and fiscal system that has served their retirement years very well. But their historically unique retirement system mistakenly celebrated independence and ignored the natural state of human beingsthat is,interdependence. Moreover,their system breaks do
45、wn with the onslaught of their kids retirement. We can already see the pension systems,both private and public,beginning to disintegrate under the weight of the baby boomers. We are now just starting to understand the substantial fiscal and psychological costs of separating the generations into so-c
46、alled single-family homes with the ideal of a mother,father and two kids. But times change and so do cultures. Regarding boomerang kids,most demographers focus on the immediate explanations for the changes, such as the growing immigrant population,housing shortages and high prices,and out-of-wedlock
47、 childbearing. Many psychologists have noted that baby-boomer parents enjoy closer relationships with their fewer children that allow extended cohabitation. A recent survey conducted for Del Webb(a division of Pulte Homes lnc.)reports that only about one-quarter of baby boomers are happier once the
48、kids move out. However,all these explanations are simply symptoms of the larger,more fundamental reuniting of Americans into households that include extended families-adult kids, grandparents, grandchildren and other relatives-rather than just nuclear families. The rate at which our American culture
49、 is adapting will accelerate as baby boomers begin retiring in waves. Creative housing arrangements are necessitating and allowing three generations to live together a-gain-under one roof or in close proximity. Now some 6 million American grandparents are living under one roof with their grandchildren. Whether grandparents live in accessory apartments on the property or houses next door, these flexible housing options provide privacy and co
