1、厦门大学考博英语模拟试卷 8及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The doctors_is that shell soon be as good as new if she takes insulin and watches her diet. （ A） agnosticism （ B） anticipation （ C） diagnosis （ D） prognosis 2 It is_understood by all concerned that the word no one who visits him ever breathe a sylla
2、ble of in his heating will remain forever unspoken. （ A） uncommunicatively （ B） acceptably （ C） tacitly （ D） taciturnly 3 _springs not out of true and deep admiration,but more often out of a self-seeking wish to identify with someone important or famous. （ A） A compliment （ B） An adulatory （ C） Flat
3、tery （ D） Praise 4 Leaving for work in plenty of time to catch the train will_worry about being late. （ A） rule off （ B） prevent （ C） avoid （ D） obviate 5 Nicholas Chauvin,a French soldier,aired his veneration of Napoleon Bonaparte so_and unceasingly that he became the laughingstock of all people in
4、 Europe. （ A） vociferously （ B） patriotically （ C） verbosely （ D） loquaciously 6 People suffering from_prefer to stay shut in their homes and become panic-stricken in large public buildings and open fields. （ A） acrophobia （ B） agoraphobia （ C） claustrophobia （ D） xenophobia 7 All normal human being
5、s are_at least to a degree-they get a feeling of warmth and kinship from engaging in group activities. （ A） segregated （ B） congregational （ C） gregarious （ D） egregious 8 He is_drinker,who has been imbibing for so long that he has figuratively speaking,grown old with the vice. （ A） an inveterate （
6、B） an incorrigible （ C） a chronic （ D） an unconscionable 9 We listened dumb-struck,full of_ ,to the shocking details of the corruption of the president of the company. （ A） incredulity （ B） ingenuity （ C） ingenuousness （ D） incredibility 10 Too much_can possibly lead to unhappiness.even to thoughts
7、of suicide as few people have the courage to analyze themselves objectively and minutely. （ A） retrospect （ B） introspection （ C） perspicacity （ D） perspicuity 11 If I am not_when you come to my office, ask for my secretary. （ A） suitable （ B） available （ C） comfortable （ D） proper 12 He could hardl
8、y_his temper when he saw the state of his office. （ A） hold in （ B） hold up （ C） hold off （ D） hold out 13 The statesman was evidently_the journalists questions and glared at him for a few seconds. （ A） put down （ B） put out （ C） put across （ D） put away 14 The soldier was of running away when the e
9、nemy_. （ A） scolded （ B） charged （ C） accused （ D） punished 15 When he arrived,he found_the aged and the sick at home. （ A） none but （ B） none other than （ C） nothing but （ D） no other than 16 Our corporations obligation under this_is limited to repair or replacement. （ A） warranty （ B） license （ C）
10、 market （ D） necessity 17 They are a firm of good repute and have large financial_. （ A） reserves （ B） savings （ C） storages （ D） resources 18 In the past 10 years,the company has gradually_all of its smaller rivals. （ A） engaged （ B） occupied （ C） monopolized （ D） absorbed 19 We shall send you comm
11、ercial invoice, bills of lading and insurance certificates so that you can_the goods on a D/P basis. （ A） consume （ B） complain （ C） concern （ D） claim 20 We have at present not any_of the furniture as you required. （ A） mark （ B） inventory （ C） stock （ D） account 21 He seemed reluctant to send his
12、troops in an effort to discourage the_peasants. （ A） animated （ B） rebellious （ C） creased （ D） impassive 22 The company will_to its agreement, no matter how cosily the process may be. （ A） retain （ B） alter （ C） abandon （ D） adhere 23 The drug store at the corner of our street sells aspirins and_pe
13、nicillin prescriptions. （ A） dispenses （ B） disposes （ C） disperses （ D） dispatches 24 AIDS is causing great public concern because the_fatal disease hits primarily young people. （ A） invariably （ B） imperatively （ C） transiently （ D） deceptively 25 The houses in this area were all erected in_of hou
14、sing regulations. （ A） compliance （ B） defiance （ C） alliance （ D） obedience 26 He had wanted a 25 % raise in pay,but after talking to his boss,he decided that a 5 % raise would have to_. （ A） suffice （ B） satisfy （ C） gratify （ D） delight 27 The two delegates had an in-depth exchange of views on ho
15、w to enhance their_cooperation. （ A） ethical （ B） bilateral （ C） mandatory （ D） subsidiary 28 It is agreed that all nations should take measures against terrorism on the basis of the UN_and other international laws. （ A） Charter （ B） Constitution （ C） Concordance （ D） Custody 29 When we credit the s
16、uccessful people with intelligence,physical strength or good luck we are making excuses for ourselves because we fall_in all three. （ A） rare （ B） lacking （ C） short （ D） scarce 30 Three weeks after the suicide bombing,the police were still hunting for bombers for they believe more were_. （ A） on th
17、e verge （ B） on the sly （ C） on the spot （ D） on the loose 二、 Reading Comprehension 30 To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago,most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of go
18、ods,and then relied on “Persuasive salesmanship“to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money. Marketing,on the other hand,focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing
19、the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the consumer approach is known as the marketing concept,which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale,the makers and dealers first try to find ou
20、t what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it according to consumer demand. This concept does not imply that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business activity the firm and the customer, each must be satisfied before
21、 trade occurs. Successful merchants and producer and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers,however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding customers,this concept has been recognized in such slogans as“Have It Your Way.“ And “You re
22、 the Boss.“A good example of the importance of satisfying the consumer presented itself in mid 1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then mark
23、eted a-longside the new King Customer ruled! 31 A good knowledge of the difference between marketing and selling leads to_. （ A） the efficient production of goods （ B） a perfect command of salesmanship （ C） a basic command of the marketing concept （ D） the conversion of goods into money 32 Not too l
24、ong ago, industries focused on_. （ A） producing and selling goods （ B） the needs and wants of customers （ C） the selling of new products （ D） moving goods to the market 33 The very core of marketing lies in_. （ A） all understanding of consumer needs （ B） the efficient movement of goods （ C） developi
25、ng new wants for consumer goods （ D） making goods readily available to customers 34 A successful business deal can take place only when_. （ A） the customer is satisfied at the expense of the company （ B） a company makes a big profit （ C） consumer satisfaction and company profit are given equal impor
26、tance （ D） priority is given to the requirements of the customer 35 The last sentence of the passage suggests that_. （ A） the consumer should be allowed to do things his own way （ B） the consumer should be treated like a king （ C） the consumer should have the final say in the selling of any product
27、（ D） the consumer should be advised on what to buy 35 For several years,scientists have been testing a substance called interferon (干扰素 ),.a potential wonder drug that is proving to be effective in treating a variety of ailments,including virus infections,bacteria infections,and tumors. To date,the
28、new drug has provoked no negative reaction of sufficient significance to discourage its use. But in spite of its success, last year only one gram Was produced in the entire world. The reason for the scarcity lies in the structure of interferon. A species of specific protein,the interferon produced f
29、rom one animal species cannot be used in treating another animal species. In other words, to treat human beings,only interferon produced by human beings may be used. The drug is produced by infecting white blood cells with a virus. Fortunately,it is so powerful that the amount given each patient per
30、 injection is very small. Unlike antibiotics, interferon does not attack germs directly. Instead,it makes unaffected cells resistant to infection,and prevents the multiplication of viruses within cells. As you might conclude,one of the most dramatic uses of interferon has been in the treatment of ca
31、ncer. Dr. Hans Strander,research physician at Swedens famous Karolinska Institute,has treated more than one hundred cancer patients with the new drug. Among a group of selected patients who has undergone surgical procedures for advanced cancer, half were given interferon. The survival rate over a th
32、ree-year period was 70 percent among those who were treated with interferon as compared with only 10 to 30 percent among those who have received the conventional treatments. In the United States,a large-scale project supported by the American Cancer Society is now underway. If the experiment is succ
33、essful, interferon could become one of the greatest medical discoveries of our time. 36 In what does interferon differ from antibiotics? （ A） Interferon has serious side effects,whereas antibiotics do not. （ B） Interferon is available in large supply, whereas antibiotics are not. （ C） Antibiotics ar
34、e very effective,while interferon is not. （ D） Antibiotics kill germs by attacking them directly, while interferon does not. 37 What effect does interferon have on infection? （ A） It provokes a negative reaction. （ B） It keeps healthy cells from becoming infected. （ C） It causes healthy cells to gro
35、w. （ D） It attacks viruses. 38 Interferon is produced by_. （ A） infecting viruses,bacteria,and tumors with a drug （ B） infecting proteins with a virus （ C） infecting white blood cells with a virus （ D） infecting viruses with proteins 39 Interferon has not been widely used because it is_. （ A） still
36、very dangerous （ B） not yet available in the United States （ C） difficult to produce in large quantities （ D） not effective for human beings 40 Which of the following is TRUE of the results of Dr. Stranders experiments? （ A） Both interferon and conventional treatments should be used to ensure the su
37、rvival of the patients. （ B） At the end of three years,only ten to thirty percent of the patients who had not received interferon died. （ C） Only the patients who received interferon survived. （ D） Most of the patients who were treated with interferon survived. 40 No woman can be too rich or too thi
38、n. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue. The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Conse
39、quently,I have been on a diet for the better-or worse-part of my life. Being rich wouldnt be bad either,but that wont happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars. Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin,and a little
40、bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating,and excessive eating is one of Christianitys seven deadly sins. However,until quite recently,most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups,wealth was a symbol
41、 of probable salvation and high morals,and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being. Today the opposite is true. We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat-or even only somewhat overweight-is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength. Our obsession (迷恋 )
42、with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before,and that,in many cases,being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases,however,may have as much to do with our way of
43、life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem-too much fat and a lack of fiber-than a weight problem. The real concern,then,is not that we weigh too much,but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well.
44、Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get (or already are
45、) thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vainglory(虚荣 ). 41 In the eyes of the author,an odd phenomenon nowadays is that_. （ A） religious people are not necessarily virtuous （ B） looking slim is a symbol of havi
46、ng a large fortune （ C） being thin is viewed as a much desired quality （ D） the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtue 42 Swept by the prevailing trend,the author_. （ A） had to wear highly fashionable clothes （ B） had to seek help from rich distant relatives （ C） had to go on a diet for
47、 the greater part of her life （ D） could still prevent herself from going off the track 43 In human history,peoples views on body weight_. （ A） changed from time to time （ B） led to different moral standards （ C） varied between the poor and the rich （ D） were closely related to their religious belie
48、fs 44 The author criticizes womens obsession with thinness_. （ A） from a historical and religious standpoint （ B） from sociological and medical points of view （ C） from an economic and educational perspective （ D） in the light of moral principles 45 Whats the authors advice to women who are absorbed
49、 in the idea of thinness? （ A） They should gain weight to look healthy. （ B） They should be more watchful for fatal diseases. （ C） They should be more concerned with their overall lifestyle. （ D） They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes. 45 During the normal development of self, a child is affected by certain influential factors. 1._.Infants form an attachment with the mother that must undergo
