1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 148及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （
2、A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Where is populat
3、ion growth happening? （ A） In all countries in the world. （ B） In only a few countries. （ C） ln most countries. （ D） Mainly in developed countries. 12 Which of the following is true according to the talk? （ A） There has been a slower population growth in the past ten years. （ B） The worlds birth rat
4、e is higher than years ago. （ C） Families are as large as before. （ D） Birth control has been carried out well all over the world. 13 Why may it happen in the future that people working in Europe will have to pay much higher taxes? （ A） Because more and more children will be given birth. （ B） Becaus
5、e they will earn more money. （ C） Because they will have higher living standards. （ D） Because the number of retired people will become even larger. 14 Who is the man? （ A） Student advisor. （ B） Course teacher. （ C） Admissions officer. （ D） Department secretary. 15 Which subject does the student say
6、 she was good at? （ A） Computer programming. （ B） Art and design. （ C） Electronics. （ D） Mathematics. 16 What will she most likely do eventually? （ A） Do basic electronics. （ B） Teach English literature. （ C） Produce educational games. （ D） Write computer programs. 17 Which of the following is the a
7、cceptable table manner in Britain? （ A） You lift your soup bowl to your mouth. （ B） You make noise when drinking soup. （ C） You shouldnt raise your elbows to your shoulders. （ D） You shouldnt put your hands on the table. 18 Which is considered as a good manner in Mexico? （ A） To put your hands on th
8、e table during the meal. （ B） To make noise in eating any kind of food. （ C） To eat your meal quickly and clearly. （ D） To put your elbows away from the table. 19 In Arab countries, what is considered very impolite? （ A） Eating with left hand. （ B） Eating with a fork. （ C） Drinking soup noisily. （ D
9、） Talking while eating. 20 Whats the main idea of the passage? （ A） An introduction of British table manners. （ B） Table manners and enjoyment. （ C） Different countries have different table manners. （ D） The importance and details of table manners. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you lis
10、ten, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read
11、 the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic (31) _ in stores, restaurants, and hotels, (32)_home, acros
12、s the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services (33) _as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making (34) possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch (35) is open. For many of us the “cashless socie
13、ty“ is not (36) _the horizon its already here. While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for (37) too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than (38) _ ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and (39)_whom. Thi
14、s information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods (40) showing which (41) _ are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or (42) _ goods to suppliers can then be made. Computers are relied (43) by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing
15、 reports can help to(44) which products to emphasize now, (45)_ to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods (46) _ stock, of raw materials on (47) , and even of the production process (48) _. Numerous(49) commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, f
16、rom gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of (50)_. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 Mass transpor
17、tation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It catalyzed physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it accelerated the inherent instability of urban life. By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibu
18、ses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant from city centers than they were in the pre-modern era. In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay scarcely two miles from the old business district; by the end of the centu
19、ry the radius extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping, and entertainment. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development
20、 and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250, 000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550, 000 were plotted outside the Cit-y limits but within the metrop
21、olitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800, 000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years lots that could have housed five to six million people. Of course, many were never occupied: there was always a huge sur
22、plus of subdivided but vacant land around Chicago and other cities. These excesses underscore a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was carded out by thousands of small investors who paid little heed to coordinated
23、 land use or to future land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders where transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this
24、 process. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growth. 51 With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned? （ A） Types of mass transportation. （ B） Instability of urban life. （ C） How supply and demand determine land use. （ D） The effects of mass tr
25、ansportation on urban expansion. 52 The author mentions all of the following as effects of mass transportation on cities EXCEPT_. （ A） growth in city area （ B） separation of commercial and residential districts （ C） changes in life in the inner city （ D） increasing standards of living 53 Why does th
26、e author mention both Boston and Chicago? （ A） To demonstrate positive and negative effects of growth. （ B） To show that mass transit changed many cities. （ C） To exemplify cities with and without mass transportation. （ D） To contrast their rates of growth. 54 According to the passage, what was one
27、disadvantage of residential expansion? （ A） It was expensive. （ B） It happened too slowly. （ C） It was unplanned. （ D） It created a demand for public transportation. 55 The author mentions Chicago in the second paragraph as an example of a city_. （ A） that is large （ B） that is used as a model for l
28、and development （ C） where land development exceeded population growth （ D） with an excellent mass transportation system 55 The destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur, largely because of the extreme difficulty in affixing legal responsibility on t
29、hose who continue to treat our environment with reckless abandon. Attempts to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and friendly persuasion have been met by lawsuits, personal and industrial denial and long delays not only in accepting responsibility, but more importantly, in doing s
30、omething about it. It seems that only when the government decides it can afford tax incentives or production sacrifices is there any initiative for change. Where is industrys and our recognition that protecting mankinds great treasure is the single most important responsibility? If ever there will b
31、e time for environmental health professionals to come to the frontlines and provide leadership to solve environmental problems, that time is now. We are being asked, and, in fact, the public is demanding that we take positive action. It is our responsibility as professionals in environmental health
32、to make the difference. Yes, the ecologist, the environmental activists and the conservationists serve to communicate, stimulate thinking and promote behavioral change. However, it is those of us who are paid to make the decisions to develop, improve and enforce environmental standards, I submit, wh
33、o must lead the charge. We must recognize that environmental health issues do not stop at city limits, county lines, state or even federal boundaries. We can no longer afford to be tunnel-visioned in our approach. We must visualize issues from every perspective to make the objective decisions. We mu
34、st express our views clearly to prevent media distortion and public confusion. I believe we have a three-part mission for the present. First, we must continue to press for improvements in the quality of life that people can make for themselves. Second, we must investigate and understand the link bet
35、ween environment and health. Third, we must be able to communicate technical information in a form that citizens can understand. If we can accomplish these three goals in this decade, maybe we can finally stop environmental degradation, and not merely hold it back. We will then be able to spend poll
36、ution dollars truly on prevention rather than on bandages. 56 We can infer from the first two paragraphs that the industrialists disregard environmental protection chiefly because_. （ A） they are unaware of the consequences of what they are doing （ B） they are reluctant to sacrifice their own econom
37、ic interests （ C） time has not yet come for them to put due emphasis on it （ D） it is difficult for them to take effective measures 57 The main task now facing ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists is （ A） to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and persuasion （ B
38、） to arouse public awareness of the importance of environmental protection （ C） to take radical measures to control environmental pollution （ D） to improve the quality of life by enforcing environmental standards 58 The word “tunnel-visioned“(Para 3, Line 2) most probably means_. （ A） narrow-minded
39、（ B） blind to the facts （ C） short-sighted （ D） able to see only one aspect 59 Which of the following, according to the author, should play the leading role in the solution of environmental problems? （ A） Legislation and government intervention. （ B） The industrys understanding and support. （ C） The
40、 efforts of environmental health professionals. （ D） The cooperation of ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists. 60 Which of the following is TRUE according to the last paragraph? （ A） Efforts should be exerted on pollution prevention instead of on remedial measures. （ B） More money
41、 should be spent in order to stop pollution. （ C） Ordinary citizens have no access to technical information on pollution. （ D） Environmental degradation will be stopped by the end of this decade. 60 In the past two years Ive phoned, e-mailed and dined with three potential “ideal husbands. “ (This is
42、 according to the aunts or cousins who talk up the suitors to my parents. Marriage brokering is a favorite pastime for my extended family.) The investment banker was my first blind date. The timing couldnt have been worse. Hed made his mark and was searching for a full-fledged adult companion, not a
43、 recent journalism-school graduate who spent most of lunch whining about being unemployed. After that came drinks with the San Francisco-based attorney. He rattled on about himself for an hour and then we said polite goodbyes. It was a superficial meeting, as initial conversations usually are. Two d
44、ays later he sent me a long e-mail explaining that he wasnt ready for a serious commitment which was a shame because Id already mailed the invitations, set up the bridal registry and commissioned the cake. Finally, there was the multimedia artist raised in London. We had been e-mailing each other fo
45、r a few months and, for the most part, it was a pleasant exchange. When we met in person, he complimented my apartment, but said he would like it better if I werent in it (I think he was joking). He made me see “Deep Impact. “ Enough said. Obviously, none of these gentlemen wound up being “the one.
46、“ And compared with the agony that can follow a breakup after just a few months of dating, I came out relatively unscathed. However, just because there wasnt an emotional investment, the rejection didnt smart any less. In my most dire moments I consider surrendering my marital future to the scientis
47、ts at the University of Hawaii who successfully cloned a couple of mice. If I could take elements of my three suitors and fuse them together, maybe I would have the perfect man. I could just relax while genetic engineering caught up with my needs. Of course, I dont see the anxious aunts and cousins
48、waiting it out with me. In fact, my father seems keen on sending me on an extended holiday to India. I can just picture myself rolling out of Calcutta customs, bleary-eyed and jet-lagged, to be greeted by a line of eligible young men holding up little cards with their respective heights printed on t
49、hem, well-intentioned mothers hovering close at hand. 61 The first date failed because_. （ A） the banker was rude （ B） the banker was a sexist （ C） the author was not ideal for the banker （ D） the author felt she was not worthy of the banker 62 We can conclude from the second paragraph that_. （ A） the author was not serious when she met her second date （ B） the author did not feel disgust toward her second date at all （ C） the author was difficult to please （ D） the author w
