1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 111及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay explaining A sense of gratitude can acknowledge our interdependent existence. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. Sec
2、tion A （ A） Return and borrow books in the library. （ B） Go to work in the library. （ C） Return books in the library and buy 2 books in the bookstore for his mother. （ D） Write out list of books his mother wants to read. （ A） She went shopping. （ B） She did some sewing. （ C） She repaired her car. （
3、D） She bought some tobacco. （ A） Their son will be a little bit influenced. （ B） Their son will not take the examination owing to the weather. （ C） The weather will affect their son severely. （ D） The weather will not make any difference to their son. （ A） He can talk to her a few minutes later. （ B
4、） He must wait for a long time. （ C） Hed better speak to her at once. （ D） He can have a long talk with her. （ A） Press the “process“ key. （ B） Insert his card. （ C） Memorize his personal number. （ D） Insert some coins. （ A） The woman expects the man to make an important decision. （ B） The mans fath
5、er is a very successful banker. （ C） They are both making a future plan. （ D） The man is not going to succeed in his fathers business. （ A） Classmates. （ B） Boss and secretary. （ C） Husband and wife. （ D） Teacher and student. （ A） Doctor and patient. （ B） Daughter and mother. （ C） Passenger and bus
6、driver. （ D） Customer and merchant. （ A） Reading an article about endangered animals. （ B） Preparing for his papers. （ C） Raising funds for saving the endangered animals. （ D） Choosing which animal to save. （ A） She doesnt know what to read. （ B） She has to do some research on biology or economics.
7、（ C） She has to finish two papers that are due on the same day. （ D） She cant believe she can finish the two papers. （ A） Because its hard to classify all of the varieties of animals. （ B） Because their methods of biological research are inadequate. （ C） Because they have difficulties in getting eno
8、ugh funding for saving the animals. （ D） Because they are unwilling to make efforts to save every endangered species. （ A） At the supermarket just around the corner where the man lives. （ B） At the supermarket just around the corner where she lives. （ C） At the local shops nearby. （ D） In the town.
9、（ A） At the supermarket just around the corner where he lives. （ B） At the supermarket just around the corner where the woman lives. （ C） At the local shops nearby. （ D） In the town. （ A） The supermarket is convenient. （ B） The supermarket is huge and he can find everything he needs. （ C） The goods
10、in the supermarket are much cheaper. （ D） The supermarket is near his home. （ A） There are too many people in the small corner shop. （ B） They are always friendly to customers and ready to help. （ C） They always shout at the customers. （ D） They like to chat with the customers. Section B （ A） For sc
11、ientific study. （ B） For field guides. （ C） For entertainment. （ D） For some film background. （ A） Finding birds for recording. （ B） Finding quiet areas for recording. （ C） Finding animals for recording. （ D） Finding mammals for recording. （ A） Attracting mates. （ B） Staking out their territories. （
12、 C） Hearing each other. （ D） Sleeping. （ A） Parties suggest candidates for office. （ B） The two major parties often have the same platform. （ C） Political parties use money from fund-raising to get their candidates elected. （ D） Political parties want their goals and ideas to direct the actions of g
13、overnment. （ A） To suggest candidates. （ B） To raise teachers salaries. （ C） To make a platform. （ D） To do fund-raising. （ A） Its a fund-raising event. （ B） It is a political party. （ C） It is a list of candidates. （ D） It is a statement of goals. （ A） Because the pig was in his garden. （ B） Becaus
14、e it was in his potato patch. （ C） Because Griffin was a British soldier. （ D） Because Griffin had shot Culters pig. （ A） A war between Britain and the United States. （ B） A small battle between the American and the British troops. （ C） Talks by General Scott and the British governor. （ D） A meeting
15、 of Griffin and Culter. （ A） The meeting resulted in both countries occupying San Juan Island. （ B） The meeting resulted in British ownership of the island. （ C） The meeting resulted in American ownership of the island. （ D） The meeting resulted in San Juan Island becoming independent. （ A） The Unit
16、ed States. （ B） Canada. （ C） No country （ D） Both the United States and Britain. Section C 26 The American economic system is organized around a basically private enterprise. Its【 B1】 _economy in which consumers determine which shall be produced by spending their money for those goods and services.
17、Private businessmen,【 B2】_to make their profits, produce these goods and services in【 B3】 _with other businessmen, and the profit【 B4】 _, operating under competitive pressures, largely【 B5】 _how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individu
18、al consumers,【 B6】 _with desire of businessmen to gain more profits and the desire of individuals to【 B7】 _their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer deman
19、ds can be expressed and【 B8】 _by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a system in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers. If the product is in short reply relative to the demand, the price will be a bit up and some consume
20、rs will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, more supply of products results in reducing its cost, this will tend to【 B9】 _offered by sellerproducers which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the Ameri
21、can economic system. The important factor in a private-oriented economy is that individuals are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of【 B10】 _embraces not only the ownership of product
22、ive resources but also certain rights, including determining the price or making a free contract. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 The mayor of County Club Hills helped arrest two men Wednesday night suspected in the random shoot
23、ing a 15-year-old boy as he was leaving a basketball game at Hillcrest High School. County Club Hills Mayor Dwight Welch, who is also a【 C1】 _police officer, said he【 C2】 _around 9:30 p. m. to the rear parking lot of the high school, 17401 Pulaski Td., after hearing radio【 C3】 _of someone firing sev
24、eral shots at crowds leaving the game between Hillcrest and Rich Central High School. “It was pretty【 C4】_because no one knew where the shots were coming from,“ Welch said later in a telephone【 C5】 _from his home. “Within five minutes of being there we got a report that a student was shot.“ Welch an
25、d on-duty police Lt. Will Garrison found a 15-year-old Hillcrest student had suffered a graze【 C6】 _to the arm. They boy was taken in good condition to Advocate South Suburban Hospital in Hazel Crest, said town spokeswoman Wanda Comein. No one else was hit. In Welchs police car, they began【 C7】 _the
26、 area for a white jeep that had fled the scene south on Winston Drive following the shooting, the mayor said. “We stayed back and turned around and waited for them. Then we saw the suspects car coming head-on,“ Welch said. “We curbed their【 C8】 _. We came close to crashing.“ Once the car was stopped
27、, Welch and the lieutenant got out of their vehicle and drew their service weapons,【 C9】 _the two occupants out of their vehicle, he said. Inside, they found a revolver next to an empty bottle of【 C10】 _. according to Welch. A)wound B)journalists C)certified D)ordering E)chaotic F)scouring G)employe
28、r H)liquor I)vehicle J)employee K)lie down L)pulled up M)reports N)interview O)suspect 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Gender-Neutral Language AThe practice of assigning masculine gender to neutral terms comes from the fact that
29、 every language reflects the prejudices of the society in which it evolved, and English evolved through most of its history in a male-centered, patriarchal society. Like any other language, however, English is always changing. One only has to read aloud sentences from the 19th century books assigned
30、 for this class to sense the shifts that have occurred in the last 150 years. When readers pick up something to read, they expect different conventions depending on the time in which the material was written. As writers in 1995, we need to be not only aware of the conventions that our readers may ex
31、pect, but also conscious of the responses our words may elicit. In addition, we need to know how the shifting nature of language can make certain words awkward or misleading. “Man“ BMan once was a truly generic word referring to all humans, but has gradually narrowed in meaning to become a word that
32、 refers to adult male human beings. Anglo-Saxons used the word to refer to all people. One example of this occurs when an Anglo-Saxon writer refers to a seventh-century English princess as “a wonderful man“. Man paralleled the Latin word homo, “a member of the human species“ not “an adult male of th
33、e species“. The Old English word for adult male was waepman and the old English word for adult woman was wifman. In the course of time, wifman evolved into the word “woman“. “Man“ eventually ceased to be used to refer to individual women and replaced waepman as a specific term distinguishing an adul
34、t male from an adult female. But man continued to be used in generalizations about both sexes. CBy the 18th century, the modern, narrow sense of man was firmly established as the predominant one. When Edmund Burke, writing of the French Revolution, used men in the old, inclusive way, he took pains t
35、o spell out his meaning: “Such a deplorable havoc is made in the minds of men(both sexes)in France.“ Thomas Jefferson did not make the same distinction in declaring that “all men are created equal“ and “governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed
36、.“ In a time when women, having no vote, could neither give nor withhold consent, Jefferson had to be using the word men in its principal sense of “males“, and it probably never occurred to him that anyone would think otherwise. Looking at modern dictionaries indicates that the definition that links
37、 “man“ with males is the predominant one. Studies of college students and school children indicate that even when the broad definitions of “man“ and “men“ are taught, they tend to conjure up images of male people only. We would never use the sentence “A girl grows up to be a man“, because we assume
38、the narrower definition of the word man. The Pronoun Problem DThe first grammars of modern English were written in the 16th and 17th centuries. They were mainly intended to help boys from upper class families prepare for the study of Latin, a language most scholars considered superior to English. Th
39、e male authors of these earliest English grammars wrote for male readers in an age when few women were literate. The masculine-gender Pronouns(代词 )did not reflect a belief that masculine pronouns could refer to both sexes. The grammars of this period contain no indication that masculine pronouns wer
40、e sex-inclusive when used in general references. Instead these pronouns reflected the reality of male cultural dominance and the male-centered world view that resulted. E“He“ started to be used as a generic pronoun by grammarians who were trying to change a long-established tradition of using “they“
41、 as a singular pronoun. In 1850 an Act of Parliament gave official sanction(批准 )to the recently invented concept of the “generic“ he. In the language used in acts of Parliament, the new law said, “words importing the masculine gender shall be deemed and taken to include females“. Although similar la
42、nguage in contracts and other legal documents subsequently helped reinforce this grammatical edict in all English-speaking countries, it was often conveniently ignored. In 1879, for example, a move to admit female physicians to the all-male Massachusetts Medical Society was effectively blocked on th
43、e grounds that the societys by-laws describing membership used the pronoun he. FJust as “man“ is not truly generic in the 1990s, “he“ is not a true generic pronoun. Studies have confirmed that most people understand “he“ to refer to men only. Sentences like “A doctor is a busy person; he must be abl
44、e to balance a million obligations at once“ imply that all doctors are men. As a result of the fact that “he“ is read by many as a masculine pronoun, many people, especially women, have come to feel that the generic pronouns excludes women. This means that more and more people find the use of such a
45、 pronoun problematic. Solving the Pronoun Problem GThey as a singular most people, when writing and speaking informally, rely on singular they as a matter of course: “If you love someone, set them free“(Sting). If you pay attention to your own speech, youll probably catch yourself using the same con
46、struction yourself. “Its enough to drive anyone out of their senses“(George Bernard Shaw). “I shouldnt like to punish anyone, even ii theyd done me wrong“(George Eliot). Some people are annoyed by the incorrect grammar that this solution necessitates, but this construction is used more and more freq
47、uently. HHe or She Despite the charge of clumsiness, double-pronoun constructions have made a comeback: “To be black in this country is simply too pervasive an experience for any writer to omit from her or his work“, wrote Samuel R. Delany. Overuse of this solution can be awkward, however. IPluraliz
48、ing A writer can often recast material in the plural. For instance, instead of “As he advances in his program, the medical student has increasing opportunities for clinical work,“ try “As they advance in their program, medical students have increasing opportunities for clinical work“. JEliminating P
49、ronouns Avoid having to use pronouns at all; instead of “a first grader can feed and dress himself, you could write, “a first grader can eat find get dressed without assistance“. KFurther Alternatives He / she or she / he, using one instead of he, or using a new generic pronoun. 47 In “all men are created equal“ in Declaration of Independence by Thomas Jefferson, the word “men“ refer to man because women didnt have the right to vot
