1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 32及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the topic “On College Students Establishing Their Own Business“ You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200
2、 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. 1目前政府鼓励大学生自主创业，原因是 ； 2大学生自主创业的利与弊； 3你的观点。 Section A （ A） They have no assignments. （ B） They are supposed to read the next chapter. （ C） They need to compose an essay about the show they will view. （ D） They are supposed to discuss their opinions about the
3、 program. （ A） Its her way of welcoming people. （ B） Its her way of annoying people. （ C） She is bothered. （ D） She wants to eat. （ A） Mary likes postcards. （ B） Mary is going to Hawaii. （ C） Mary has traveled all over the world. （ D） Mary is going on vacation. （ A） They work on the same floors in t
4、he same shopping center. （ B） They havent met before. （ C） They are both business majors. （ D） They are both nice. （ A） Warm and dry. （ B） Dry but cold. （ C） Sunny and warm. （ D） Cold and wet. （ A） 6,400 kilometers. （ B） 2,168 kilometers. （ C） 3,168 kilometers. （ D） 2,186 kilometers. （ A） At a cafe.
5、 （ B） At a friends home. （ C） At a bakery. （ D） At a birthday party. （ A） He doesnt like either decision. （ B） Its a difficult decision. （ C） It makes no difference what she decides to do. （ D） He has no idea. （ A） She doesnt want to pay the late fee. （ B） She was given incorrect information. （ C） S
6、he cant afford to pay her tuition. （ D） She didnt pass her mathematics class last semester. （ A） The director couldnt give her an appointment right away. （ B） The office was closed the first time she went. （ C） The computers were out of service the first time she was there. （ D） She did not have acc
7、eptable identification with her on her first visit. （ A） Her prior schooling. （ B） Her residence. （ C） Her age. （ D） Her driving record. （ A） The director probably isnt able to make an exception. （ B） The director probably wont see her. （ C） The director usually isnt very helpful. （ D） Part-time stu
8、dents arent the directors responsibility （ A） Chicago. （ B） New York. （ C） Boston. （ D） Detroit. （ A） In a little while. （ B） First thing in the morning. （ C） Pretty quick. （ D） By 8:00. （ A） An Elgin. （ B） A Rolex. （ C） A Seiko. （ D） A Bulova. Section B （ A） Men and women both spend a lot of time a
9、t home. （ B） The man earns the money and pays the bills. （ C） Women at home have to obey their husbands unconditionally. （ D） Women are not allowed to work outside. （ A） The man has lost his dominant role. （ B） Both men and women have more choices. （ C） The woman doesnt stay at home and care for the
10、 children and the house. （ D） The man likes to stay home to tend their children. （ A） Men are still the leaders in their family. （ B） Men and women are having more things in common now. （ C） The roles of men and women in marriage have changed as time goes by. （ D） Neither men nor women want to bear
11、responsibilities for their family. （ A） The appeals of advertising. （ B） Peoples attitude towards advertising. （ C） The illusiveness of advertising. （ D） The positive and negative aspects of advertising. （ A） By appealing to his buying motives. （ B） By advocating the high quality of the products. （
12、C） Making use of peoples kindness. （ D） By using famous people as the endorser of their products. （ A） Because it was just ordinary bread. （ B） Because it contains more calories in the whole loaf. （ C） Because the total number of calories remained the same. （ D） Because the bread is sliced very thin
13、. （ A） Because of fear of loss among the people. （ B） Because fire break out very frequently. （ C） Because people will benefit from the purchase. （ D） Because the advertising could arouse peoples emotion. （ A） Negative. （ B） Neutral. （ C） Positive. （ D） Questioning. （ A） The inefficiency of the Nucl
14、ear Regulation Commission. （ B） The enormous cost of construction and operation. （ C） The length of time it takes to make investigation. （ D） The objection of the opponents of nuclear power. （ A） A city in Connecticut. （ B） A nuclear power plant. （ C） A factory producing millstone. （ D） An electrici
15、ty plant. Section C 26 For centuries, farmers have used windmills to pump water, crush grain and perform other tasks. Today, farmers can earn money with high-powered wind turbines that produce【 B1】 _Wind power has become big business, especially in Europe. In the United States, less than one percent
16、 of electricity is produced from wind energy. But production【 B2】 _one 160% between 2000 and 2005. So says Keith Collins, the chief【 B3】 _at the Department of Agriculture, in a【 B4】 _he prepared for a Senate committee last month. Farmers and【 B5】 _are providing land to turbine owners or, in some cas
17、es, owning the【 B6】 _themselves. Mister Collins says one reason for the increase is high prices for natural gas. Another is a federal tax credit for wind production. The production tax credit for【 B7】_forms of energy was supposed to end this December. Other reasons for the expansion include improved
18、 turbine technology and lower production costs. They also include policies that【 B8】 _for wind power producers to sell their electricity. California is the leading state for wind power. But Mister Collins says production is also growing in Minnesota and other Midwestern states. And he says many stat
19、es in the West and Midwest have【 B9】 _to produce much more wind power. Wind power offers farmers a way to earn money for use of their land. Wind is free, of course. Not only that, the land under the turbines can usually be farmed. And farmers may be able to【 B10】 _by charging visitors to see their w
20、ind farm. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 An explosion had thrown radioman Harley Olson out of bed. He worked wildly, trying to【 C1】 _an SOS. But the power was gone. Harley ran on deck. The crew was【 C2】 _into lifeboats. There w
21、as no room for him. He had no choice but to jump into the black water and start to swim. Suddenly, in the darkness, his fingers hit something hard. It was a life raft. Climbing【 C3】 _. Harley called out again and again. But no one answered. Soon his first feeling of【 C4】 _left him. In one way he was
22、 lucky. The raft had enough food and water for 15 men for several weeks. At daybreak, Harley saw some little boxes【 C5】 _by. He fished one out of the sea. Chewing gum. Quickly, he【 C6】 _in 20 small cartons. In the afternoon, Harley【 C7】 _another raft he tied it to his own. Later, a third raft bobbed
23、 up. And then a mattress floated by him in the wreckage. Harley could hardly believe his eyes. Here was the start of a bed room. He tugged the mattress aboard. Using boxes, he made himself a bed. With a blanket, he made a【 C8】 _from the hot sun. the next morning, he ate like a king. The sea was alwa
24、ys peaceful. Every day was like a vacation. When the sun got hot, the carefree sailor took a swim, after that, he enjoyed a sunbath. Each evening, before going to bed, he went for a walk on the two rafts floating behind. Harley Olson was【 C9】 _with his Kingdom on the sea. The【 C10】 _trip lasted 28 d
25、ays. A)pleasure B)hauled C)radio D)launch E)scrambling F)sight G)panic H)dimension I)aboard J)floating K)intensively L)spotted M)superior N)delighted O)shade 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Wal-Mart AWal-Mart is more than just t
26、he worlds largest retailer. It is an economic force, a cultural phenomenon and a lightning rod for controversy. It all started with a simple philosophy from founder Sam Walton: offer shoppers lower prices than they get anywhere else. That basic strategy has shaped Wal-Marts culture and driven the co
27、mpanys growth. BNow that Wal-Mart is so huge, it has unprecedented power to shape labor markets globally and change the way entire industries operate. History of Wal-Mart CSam Walton opened his first five-and-dime in 1950. His vision was to keep prices as low as possible. Even if his margins werent
28、as fat as competitors, he figured he could make up for that in volume. He was right. DIn the early 1960s, Walton opened his first Wal-Mart in Rogers, Arkansas. The company continued to grow, going public in 1970 and adding more stores every year. In 1990, Wal-Mart surpassed key rival Kmart in size.
29、Two years later, it surpassed Sears. EWalton continued to drive an old pickup truck and share budget-hotel rooms with colleagues on business trips, even after War-Mart made him very rich. He demanded that his employees also keep expenses to a bare minimum a mentality that is still at the heart of Wa
30、l-Mart culture more than decade after Waltons death. The company has continued to grow rapidly after his death in 1992 and now operates four retail divisions Wal-Mart Super Centers, War-Mart Discount Stores, Neighborhood Market Stores and Sams Club Warehouses. Wal-Mart Strategy FLets start with tech
31、nology. Wal-Mart pushed the retail industry to establish the universal bar code, which forced manufacturers to adopt common labeling. The bar code allowed retailers to generate all kinds of information creating a subtle shift of power from manufacturers to retailers. Wal-Mart became especially good
32、at exploiting the information behind the bar code. And thus it is considered a pioneer in developing sophisticated technology to track its stock and cut the fat out of its supply chain. GRecently, Wal-Mart became the first major retailer to demand manufacturers use radio frequency identification tec
33、hnology(RFID). The technology uses radio frequencies to transmit data stored on small tags attached to pallets(货盘 )or individual products. RFID tags hold significantly more data than bar codes. HThe frugal culture, established by Walton, also plays into Wal-Marts success. The company has been critic
34、ized for the relatively poor wages and health care plans that it offers to ran-and-file employees. It has also been accused of demanding that hourly workers put in overtime without pay. Store managers often work more than 70 hours per week. IThis culture is also present at the companys headquarters.
35、 Wal-Mart is headquartered in Benton-ville, Arkansas, instead of an expensive city like New York. The building is unattractive and dull. You wont catch executives in quality cars and you wont see them dragging into work at 9:30 a.m. Executives fly coach and often share hotel rooms with colleagues. T
36、hey work long hours, typically arriving at work before 6:30 a.m. and working half-days on Saturdays. JThe central goal of Wal-Mart is to keep retail prices low and the company has been very successful at this. Experts estimate that Wal-Mart saves shoppers at least 15 percent on a typical cart of gro
37、ceries. Everything including the technology and corporate culture feeds into that ultimate goal of delivering the lowest prices possible. Wal-Mart also pushes its suppliers, some say cruelly, to cut prices. In The Wal-Mart Effect, author Charles Fishman discusses how the price of a four-pack of GE l
38、ight bulbs decreased from $2.19 to 88 cents during a five-year period. The Power KBecause of Wal-Marts massive size, it has incredible power. It has driven the smallest retailers out of business; forced manufacturers to be more efficient, often leading these suppliers to move manufacturing jobs over
39、seas; and changed the way that even large and established industries do business. LThere is plenty of anecdotal evidence that a new Wal-Mart in town spells doom for local pharmacies, grocery stores, sporting goods stores, etc. Economist Emek Basker, Ph.D., attempted to quantify the impact. Her study
40、 found that in a typical United States county, when a Wal-Mart opens, three other retailers close within two years and four close within five years. While the Wal- Mart might employ 300 people, another 250 people working in retail lose their jobs within five years in that county. MWal-Mart has life
41、or death decisions over(almost)all the consumer goods industries that exist in the United State, because it is the number-one supplier-retailer of most of our consumer goods not just clothes, shoes, toys, but home appliances, electronic products, sporting goods, bicycles, groceries, food. NThe stori
42、es of how Wal-Mart pushes manufacturers into selling the same product at lower and lower prices are legendary. One example is Lakewood Engineering she “treads softly(谨言慎行 )in the world“ elevating feminine beauty and grace to an art form. Nowadays, it is commonly observed that young women are not con
43、forming to the feminine linguistic(语言的 )ideal. They are using fewer of the very deferential “womens“ forms, and even using the few strong forms that are known as “mens“. This, of course, attracts considerable attention and has led to an outcry in the Japanese media against the defeminization of wome
44、ns language. Indeed, we didnt hear about “mens language“ until people began to respond to girls appropriation of forms normally reserved for boys and men. There is considerable sentiment about the “corruption“ of womens language which of course is viewed as part of the loss of feminine ideals and mo
45、rality and this sentiment is crystallized by nationwide opinion polls that are regularly carried out by the media. Yoshiko Matsumoto has argued that young women probably never used as many of the highly deferential forms as older women. This highly polite style is no doubt something that young women
46、 have been expected to “grow into“ after all, it is a sign not simply of femininity, but of maturity and refinement, and its use could be taken to indicate a change in the nature of ones social relations as well. One might well imagine little girls using exceedingly polite forms when playing house o
47、r imitating older women in a fashion analogous to little girls use of a high-pitched voice to do “teacher talk“ or “mother talk“ in role play. The fact that young Japanese women are using less deferential language is a sure sign of change of social change and of linguistic change. But it is most cer
48、tainly not a sign of the “masculization“ of girls. In some instances, it may be a sign that girls are making the same claim to authority as boys and men, but that is very different from saying that they are trying to be “masculine“. Katsue Reynolds has argued that girls nowadays are using more asser
49、tive language strategies in order to be able to compete with boys in schools and out. Social change also brings not simply different positions for women and girls, but different relations to life stages, and adolescent girls are participating in new subcultural forms. Thus what may, to an older speaker, seem like “masculine“ speech may seem to an adolescent like “liberated“ or
