1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 389及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Is Celebrating Western Holidays Acceptable? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 越来越多的人喜欢过 “洋节日 ” 2人们在讨论 “中国人过 洋节日 的
2、做法是否可以接受 ?” 3你的观点是什么，说明理由 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the in
3、formation given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Global Warming and Climate Change What Are Global Warming and Climate Change? Global warming and climate change refer to
4、an increase in average global temperatures. Natural events and human activities are believed to be contributing to an increase in average global temperatures. This is caused primarily by increase in “greenhouse“ gases such as Carbon Dioxide (CO2). What Is the Greenhouse Effect? The term greenhouse i
5、s used in conjunction with the phenomenon known as the greenhouse effect. Energy from the sun drives the earths weather and climate, and heats the earths surface; In turn, the earth radiates energy back into space; Some atmospheric gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of th
6、e outgoing energy, retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse; These gases are therefore known as greenhouse gases; The greenhouse effect is the rise in temperature on Earth as certain gases in the atmosphere trap energy. Six main gases considered to be contributing to global clim
7、ate change are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) (which is 20 times as potent (强有力的 ) a greenhouse gas as carbon dioxide) and nitrous oxide (N2O), plus three fluorinated industrial gases: hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6). Water vapor is also conside
8、red a greenhouse gas. Many of these greenhouse gases are actually life-enabling, for without them, heat would escape back into space and the Earths average temperature would be a lot colder. However, if the greenhouse effect becomes stronger, then more heat gets trapped than needed, and the Earth mi
9、ght become less habitable for humans, plants and animals. What Are the Impacts of Global Warming? For decades, greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide have been increasing in the atmosphere. But why does that matter? Wont warmer weather be nicer for everyone? Rapid Changes in Global Temperature A d
10、ocumentary aired on the National Geographic Channel in Britain on August 9, 2003 was titled Whats Up with the Weather. it noted that the levels of carbon dioxide, for example, were currently at their highest levels in the past 450,000 years. Increased greenhouse gases and the greenhouse effect is fe
11、ared to contribute to an overall warming of the Earths climate, leading to a global warming ( even though some regions may experience cooling, or wetter weather, while the temperature of the planet on average would rise). However, it is the rapid pace at which the temperature will rise that will res
12、ult in many negative impacts to humans and the environment and this is why there is such a world-wide concern. Extreme Weather Patterns Most scientists believe that the warming of the climate will lead to more extreme weather patterns such as: More hurricanes and drought; Longer spells of dry heat o
13、r intense raja (depending on where you are in the world); Scientists have pointed out that Northern Europe could be severely affected with colder weather if climate change continues, as the arctic begins to melt and send fresher waters further south. It would effectively cut off the Gulf Stream that
14、 brings warmth from the Gulf of Mexico, keeping countries such as Britain warmer than expected; In South Asia, the Himalayan glaciers (冰川 ) could retreat causing water scarcity in the long Super-storms Mentioned further above was the concern that more hurricanes could result. The link used was from
15、the environmental organization WWF, written back in 1999. In August/September 2004 a wave of severe hurricanes left many Caribbean islands and parts of South Eastern United States devastated. In the Caribbean many lives were lost and there was immense damage to entire cities. In the U.S. many lives
16、were lost as well, some of the most expensive damage resulted from the successive hurricanes. Interviewing a biological oceanography professor at Harvard University, IPS notes that the worlds oceans are approaching 27 degrees C or warmer during the summer. This increases the odds of major storms. Wh
17、en water leaches such temperatures, more of it evaporates, priming hurricane or cyclone formation. Once born. a hurricane needs only warm water to build and maintain its strength and intensity. Furthermore, “as emissions of greenhouse gases continue to trap more and more of the suns energy, that ene
18、rgy has to be dissipated (消散 ), resulting to stronger storms, more intense precipitation (降水量 ) and higher winds.“ There is abundant evidence of an unprecedented (前所未有的 ) number of severe weather events in the past decade. In 1998. Hurricane Mitch killed nearly 20,000 people in Central America, and
19、more than 4,000 people died during disastrous flooding in China. Bangladesh suffered some of its worst floods ever the following year, as did Venezuela. Europe was hit with record floods in 2002 and then a record heat wave in 2003. More recently, Brazil was struck by the first-ever recorded hurrican
20、e in the South Atlantic last March. “Weather records are being set all the time now. Were in an era of unprecedented extreme weather events,“ said McCarthy, professor of biological oceanography at Harvard University. Historical weather patterns are becoming less useful for predicting the future cond
21、itions because global warming is changing ocean and atmospheric conditions. “In 30 to 50 years time, the Earths weather generating system will be entirely different.“ he predicted. Ecosystem Impacts With global warming on the increase and species habitats on the decrease, the chances for various eco
22、systems to adapt naturally are diminishing. Many studies have pointed out that the rates of extinction of animal and plant species, and the temperature changes around the world since the industrial revolution, have been significantly different to normal expectations. An analysis of population trends
23、, climate change, increasing pollution and emerging diseases found that 40 percent of deaths in the world could be attributed to environmental factors. The ongoing accumulation of greenhouse gases causes, increasing global warming. This is a global self-reinforcing vicious circle (恶性盾环 ) acceleratin
24、g the global warming. Rising Sea Levels Water expands when heated, and sea levels are expected to rise due to climate change Rising sea levels will also result as the polar caps begin to melt. The World Watch Institute reports that “The Earths ice cover is melting in more places and at higher rates
25、than at any time since record keeping began“. (March 6, 2000). Rising sea levels will impact many coastlines, and a large mass of humanity lives near the coasts or by major rivers. Increase in Pests and Disease An increase in pests and disease is also feared. A report in the journal Science in June
26、2002 described the alarming increase in the outbreaks and epidemics of diseases throughout the land and ocean-based wildlife due to climate changes. One of the authors points out that, “Climate change is disrupting natural ecosystems in a way that is making life better for infectious diseases.“ The
27、Guardian summarizes a United Nations warning that, “One in six countries in the world face food shortages this year because of severe droughts that could become semi-permanent under climate change.“ Drought and desertification (沙漠化 ) are starting to spread and intensify in some parts of the world al
28、ready. If some of this does get worse, it is likely that the poorest regions and people are likely to suffer the most, as they would have the least resources at hand to deal with the effects. 2 The earths temperatures will be much lower without the greenhouse gases. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 With the
29、increasing of the greenhouses gases, people can benefit from it a lot. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 It is very likely that the high temperature of the ocean contributes to the increase of major storms. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 In 1998, disastrous flood killed 20,000 people in China. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG
30、6 The old saying “Life relies on the weather“ is quite effective. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Rising sea level will only affect coastlines and small islands. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Owing to the climate change, people are easier to be infected. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 _ as certain gases in the atmospher
31、e trap energy is called greenhouse effect. 10 Scientists put forward that Northern Europe would have _ if climate continues, while Britain would have warmer weather。 11 Environmental factors attribute _ deaths in the world. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations a
32、nd 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and d
33、ecide which is the best answer. （ A） Australian. （ B） Austrian. （ C） Canadian. （ D） English. （ A） At 10:00. （ B） At 10:45. （ C） At 10:30. （ D） At 11:45. （ A） His roommate has the book with him. （ B） The book isnt about Russia. （ C） His roommate is not here now. （ D） He cant lend it out. （ A） Reading
34、. （ B） Speaking. （ C） Grammar. （ D） Writing. （ A） Mary has never studied mathematics. （ B） Mary must be good at mathematics. （ C） Mary enjoys learning mathematics. （ D） Mary probably is poor at mathematics. （ A） Georges brother. （ B） Georges wife. （ C） Georges father. （ D） Georges father-in-law. （ A
35、） Wangjuns. （ B） Liufengs. （ C） Lihongs. （ D） Zhangjuns. （ A） Golf and skating. （ B） Golf and tennis. （ C） Skiing and tennis. （ D） Skiing and skating. （ A） He needs to take one more course in order to finish his credit requirements. （ B） He plays an instrument the group needs. （ C） She thinks taking
36、 the course would improve his grades in general. （ D） She thinks hes the best musician at the college. （ A） Cello. （ B） Viola. （ C） Violin. （ D） Bass. （ A） Beginning. （ B） Intermediate. （ C） Advanced （ D） Professional. （ A） To the supermarket. （ B） To school. （ C） To her home. （ D） To work outdoors.
37、 （ A） She works at the meat counter. （ B） She puts groceries out on the shelves. （ C） She carries groceries out of the store for customers. （ D） She checks the quality of milk products. （ A） He doesnt earn very much money. （ B） He has to work too many hours. （ C） He doesnt have time for lunch. （ D）
38、He sometimes has to work in bad weather. （ A） Finish his homework. （ B） Cut grass. （ C） Plant trees. （ D） Buy groceries. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken
39、only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） It carries its own oxygen supply. （ B） It does not need any oxygen during the flight. （ C） It can produce oxygen during the flight. （ D） It extract oxygen from the air that flows th
40、rough the engine. （ A） Cargo. （ B） Adults. （ C） Children. （ D） Chemical substance. （ A） 100. （ B） 500. （ C） 1,000. （ D） 1,500. （ A） Fish. （ B） Fruits. （ C） Small animals. （ D） Bamboo. （ A） They are shy. （ B） They are afraid of people. （ C） People are not friendly to them. （ D） They cant get food the
41、re. （ A） Loneliness. （ B） Isolation. （ C） Reproduction. （ D） Entertainment. （ A） In room 12. （ B） In room 14. （ C） In room 15. （ D） In room 20. （ A） Rubens. （ B） William Blake. （ C） Picasso. （ D） Vicent Van Gogh. （ A） In 1817. （ B） In 1837. （ C） In 1819. （ D） In 1897. （ A） Art galleries in London. （
42、 B） Famous paintings. （ C） The Tate Gallery. （ D） Famous artists. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required
43、to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 When two people are talking to e
44、ach other, they tend to stand a specific distance apart. Each person has an【 B1】 _boundary around their body into which other people may not come. If someone pierces this boundary, they will feel【 B2】 _and move away to increase the distance between them. (The major【 B3】 _ is family members and other
45、 loved ones. ) This personal【 B4】 _ is not due to body odor or bad【 B5】 _ but because closeness lends a sense of intimacy that is at odds with their【 B6】 _ to the other individual. Interestingly, the【 B7】 _ personal distance varies from culture to culture. Americans tend to require more personal spa
46、ce than in other【 B8】 _. So if you try to get too close to an American during your conversation, he or she will feel that you are “in their face“ and will try to back away. Try to be aware of this,【 B9】 _, dont try to close the gap. 【 B10】 _. Touching is a bit too intimate for casual acquaintances.【
47、 B11】_. Shaking hands when you initially meet or part is acceptable, but this is only momentary. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete stateme
48、nts. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. 47 Health food is a general term applied to all kinds of foods that are considered more healthful than the types of foods widely sold in supermarkets. For example, whole grains, dried
49、beans, and corn oil are health foods. A narrower classification of health food is natural food. This term is used to distinguish between types of the same food. Raw honey is natural sweetener, whereas refined sugar is not. Fresh fruit is a natural food, but canned fruit, with sugars and other additives, is not. The most precise term of all and narrowest classification within health foods is organic food, used to describe food that has been gr
