1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 516及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Imagine you are Wang Ting. Write a letter to Xiao Lin, a classmate of yours who is at home and suffering from eye strain (视疲劳 ). However, shes still willing to participate in the fo
2、rth coming CET-4 test. You should write no more than 120 words following the suggestions given below in Chinese. 1. 表示慰问 2. 告知有关你备考的情况 3. 提出你的建议 A Welcome Speech to New Students 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes t
3、o go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information
4、is not given in the passage. 1 The Greenhouse Effect Earths climate has been changing constantly over its 5-billion-year history. Sometimes, the climate has warmed so that the oceans have risen and covered much of the Earth. Each of the changes may seem extreme, but they usually occurred slowly over
5、 many thousands of years. Ancient Climate History The first people arrived in America between 151 000 and 30, 000 years ago. During that time, much of North America was covered by great ice sheets. Some 14, 000 years ago, the last ice sheet began to melt very quickly. By 7, 000 years ago, the ice wa
6、s gone. This end to the ice ages caused big changes on the Earth. The changes caused many kinds of plants and animals to die. For example, mastodon-elephant-like animal-and other large mammals that preferred cold climates may not have been able to live in the warmer, drier conditions. The Little Ice
7、 Age Starting in the 14th century, Europeans lived through what is known as the “Little Ice Age.“ The Little Ice Age lasted for several hundred years. During the Little Ice Age, the advance of glaciers along with hard winters and famines caused some people to starve and others to leave their homes.
8、Recent Climate History The Earth has warmed about 1F in the last 100 years. And the four warmest years of the 20th century all happened in the 1990s. Periods of increased heat from the sun may have helped make the Earth warmer. But many of the worlds leading climatologists think that the greenhouse
9、gases people produce are making the Earth warmer, too. Scientists think the sea has risen partly because of melting glaciers and sea ice. When some glaciers melt, they release water into the sea and make it higher than it was before. Scientists also think that warmer temperatures in the sea make it
10、rise even more. Heat makes water expand. When the ocean expands, it takes up more space. What Might Happen? Scientists are not fortune-tellers. They dont know exactly what will happen in the future. But they can use special computer programs to find out how the climate may change in the years ahead.
11、 And the computer programs tell us that the Earth may continue to get warmer. Together, the melting glaciers, rising seas, and computer models provide some good clues. They tell us that the Earths temperature will probably continue to rise as long as we continue increasing the amount of greenhouse g
12、ases in the atmosphere. Scientists have to think like detectives. They look for clues to help them understand how the world works. Then they investigate the clues to find evidence - real facts that can give them a better idea of what is going on. Here are some of the ways that scientists gather evid
13、ence about climate, both past and present: Weather Stations Weather stations help us find out the temperature on the surface of the Earth. Weather stations use special thermometers that tell us the temperature. They can be set up almost anywhere on land. Weather stations also can tell us how fast th
14、e wind is moving and how much rain falls on the ground during a storm. Weather Balloons Almost everyone likes balloons - including scientists! Weather balloons are released to float high up into the atmosphere. They carry special instruments that send all kinds of information about the weather back
15、to people on the ground. Ocean Buoys A buoy is an object that floats on water, and is often used to warn boats away from dangerous places in the ocean or on a river. But some buoys have special instruments on them. These buoys can tell us the temperature and other things about the conditions of the
16、atmosphere. Weather Satellites Humans send satellites into space to travel around the Earth. The satellites send back information to scientists on the ground. Some of the information they give us is about the weather and the Earths temperature. Ice Cores Some scientists who want to find out more abo
17、ut climate study ice for clues. Not just any ice - they are studying the ice from glaciers that have been around for a very long time. They cut pieces of ice and look for air bubbles that were trapped in the ice hundreds or even thousands of years ago. The air bubbles help them discover what the cli
18、mate used to be like on Earth. The evidence they uncover is creating a historical record of regional temperatures and greenhouse gas concentrations dating back 160, 000 years. Sediment Analyses Sediment is the earth and rock that has built up in layers over time. Scientists are learning a great deal
19、 about past climate from studying these layers. Sediment layering pro vides information about where glaciers have been in the past. Ocean sediments provide a map of how ocean currents have flowed in the past. And fossilized pollen found in sediment layers tells us about where different plants have g
20、rown in the past. Tree Rings You can tell how old a tree is by counting its rings because it grows a new ring every year. Tree rings also can tell us how much precipitation fell each year in the place where the tree lives. What Does All of This Mean? Weather stations, balloons, ocean buoys, and sate
21、llites tell us the Earths temperature today. Ice cores, sediment layers, and tree rings tell us about what the Earths climate has been like in the past. With this evidence, scientists are learning how climate changes over time. What Are Scientists Still Unsure About? How do clouds respond to changes
22、 in temperature and precipitation? How do oceans transport heat? How do climate and intense weather events like hurricanes affect each other? As scientists try to answer these and other questions, they will discover many more clues about how the Earths climate system works. It may seem hard to belie
23、ve that people can actually change the Earths climate. But scientists think that the things people do that send greenhouse gases into the air are making our planet warmer. Once, all climate changes occurred naturally. However, during the Industrial Revolution, we began altering our climate and envir
24、onment through agricultural and industrial practices. The Industrial Revolution was a time when people began using machines to make life easier. It started more than 200 years ago and changed the way humans live. Before the Industrial Revolution, human activity released very few gases into the atmos
25、phere, but now through population growth, fossil fuel burning, and deforestation, we are affecting the mixture of gases in the atmosphere. Since the Industrial Revolution, the need for energy to run machines has steadily in creased. Some energy, like the energy .you need to do your homework, comes f
26、rom the food you eat. But other energy, like the energy that makes cars run and much of the energy used to light and heat our homes, comes from fuels like coal and oil-fossil fuels. Burning these fuels releases greenhouse gases. 2 The passage gives a general description of ancient climate history. （
27、 A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The Little Ice Age lasted for several years. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 The Earths temperature usually rises half a degree every century. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 With the help of computer programs, scientists have predicted that the earth will continue to get warmer in the future
28、. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Weather stations can not only tell us about wind speed, but also about rainfall. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Both weather balloons and ocean buoys can collect information about the temperature. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Ice Cores are only useful for giving us information about th
29、e current weather conditions. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 Scientists can figure out where glaciers have been in the past through _. 10 Scientists believe that the things people do that send _ gases into the air are making our planet warmer. 11 The need for energy to run machines has steadily increased s
30、ince the _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will
31、be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） a department store. （ B） a library. （ C） an electrical shop. （ D） a bus station. （ A） its too spicy. （ B） its too salty. （ C） its too bland. （ D） its too sour. （ A） customer a
32、nd estate agent. （ B） customer and travel agent. （ C） customer and shop assistant. （ D） customer and lawyer. （ A） a shop. （ B） a university campus. （ C） a library. （ D） an airport. （ A） a university campus. （ B） a book store. （ C） a department store. （ D） a police station. （ A） he enjoys dancing. （
33、B） his shoes dont fit him. （ C） hes an excellent dancer. （ D） hes a terrible dancer. （ A） to the dentist. （ B） to the vet. （ C） to the bus stop. （ D） to the library. （ A） on the 4th floor in the electrical department. （ B） on the 2nd floor in the food court. （ C） on the 4th floor in the food court.
34、（ D） on the 3rd floor in the food court. （ A） A recording artist. （ B） A French teacher. （ C） A student. （ D） A teaching assistant. （ A） It needs to have more French lesson tapes. （ B） It needs to have its controls repaired. （ C） It is different from all the other laboratories. （ D） It can be operat
35、ed rather easily. （ A） Change her class schedule. （ B） Fill out a job application. （ C） Organize tapes on the shelves. （ D） Work on the French lessons. （ A） steak. （ B） chicken. （ C） fish. （ D） seafood. （ A） he got a promotion. （ B） he got engaged. （ C） he got married. （ D） he cooked dinner. （ A） at
36、 the office. （ B） at school. （ C） at university. （ D） in the park. （ A） if he can cook her dinner. （ B） for a promotion. （ C） to marry him. （ D） for some more money. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both
37、the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Everyone understands Einsteins theory today. （ B） Einstein achieved more than any other scientists in history. （ C） The Theory of Relati
38、vity can be quickly learned by everyone. （ D） Our ideas about the universe are different today because of Einstein. （ A） Einstein was a famous chemist. （ B） Einstein was popular in America. （ C） Einstein headed a research institute. （ D） Einstein enjoyed reading about war. （ A） Germans usually have
39、a high respect for science. （ B） Einstein was forced to serve in the German army. （ C） Albert Einstein had no other interests besides science. （ D） Einsteins reputation was ruined because of his work during World War I. （ A） Helping the needy to survive. （ B） Sharing risks of possible losses. （ C） B
40、eing compulsory in most countries. （ D） Covering differently according to different situations. （ A） To tell us that accidents may take place at any time. （ B） To prove that buying insurance is a wasted investment. （ C） To prove that it is wise to spend money on insurance. （ D） To tell us that the s
41、ense of security is very important in driving. （ A） Car, retirement and life insurance. （ B） Business, poverty and health insurance. （ C） Unemployment, home and life insurance. （ D） Possessions, disability and health insurance. （ A） You can sleep in it. （ B） its safer than trains. （ C） Its fast and
42、comfortable. （ D） You can see more of the country. （ A） Americans like greyhounds. （ B） The buses go to the country. （ C） The buses are as fast as greyhounds. （ D） Theres a picture of a greyhound on the bus. （ A） They dont like buses. （ B） They are always in a hurry. （ C） They think planes more safe
43、. （ D） They find trains too crowded. （ A） Any road without traffic lights. （ B） Any highway without crossroad. （ C） Its a road where the drivers do not pay. （ D） Its a highway not controlled by the government. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passa
44、ge is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the mis
45、sing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 It is often through good dinners that one makes friends. In Japan, there are【 B1】_“Dining Groups“ or “Wine Groups“, formed by people of different【 B2】_of life but of more or less【 B3】 _sta
46、nding; having as their common object, good living and the【 B4】 _of friendship. They meet weekly or【 B5】 _or on the birthday of one of the members, who play host in turn. As a rule, the dinner is held in ones own home, unless for some reasons this is【 B6】 _, in which case it can be held in a【 B7】 _re
47、staurant. On each occasion, the host may include a couple of guests【 B8】 _to the others, Thus one makes new friends and keeps old friendship in constant repair. Sometimes, similar feasts are held for the sake of art and literature.【 B9】 _ As to the part that delicious food can play in smoothing nego
48、tiation, this must be a common experience of every man of affairs.【 B10】 _“Will you lunch with me?“ is a familiar phrase in the business world either in prefacing a successful deal or in celebrating one.【 B11】 _ 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B1
49、0】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the word
