1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 78及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on whether it is necessary to go to college. You should write at least 120 words but
2、no more than 180 words. “I chose a major of the arts at college. I graduated with a Bachelor of Unemployment degree.“ Section A （ A） It was out of order. （ B） It was cut off by the phone company. （ C） It was connected to the wrong telephone line. （ D） It was taken away by someone else. （ A） Toms per
3、sonality. （ B） The temperature. （ C） A heated argument. （ D） The style of a hat. （ A） His back hurt during the meeting. （ B） The proposal should be sent back right away. （ C） He needs the womans support in the meeting. （ D） He might not be back in time for the project. （ A） They dont have to go to t
4、he concert tonight. （ B） The woman suggests they take the subway to the concert. （ C） A car wont be any faster than the subway. （ D） The mans brother should share the car with them. （ A） Because she couldnt recognize her former classmate. （ B） Because the man didnt understand her. （ C） Because she d
5、idnt have enough money for her classmate. （ D） Because she was sad about her height. （ A） His learning strategy is problematic. （ B） He is so scared to face the test. （ C） His health condition is terrible. （ D） He didnt pass the physical examination. （ A） At 6:10. （ B） At6:30. （ C） At6:40. （ D） At7:
6、00. （ A） The novel is too long to finish. （ B） The woman doesnt have time to read the novel. （ C） The woman needs a better dictionary. （ D） The novel is too hard to understand. （ A） Grateful. （ B） Embarrassed. （ C） Upset. （ D） Ashamed. （ A） He bought some medicine for her. （ B） He tried to find a jo
7、b for her. （ C） He lent her some money. （ D） He let her live in his apartment. （ A） Wait for her grandfather to change his mind. （ B） Pay a visit to the mans uncle. （ C） Get a job and buy the medicine herself. （ D） Call her grandfather and ask him to change his mind. （ A） Basic skills of leadership.
8、 （ B） Basic skills of learning. （ C） Basic skills of being a popular person. （ D） Basic skills of holding an important meeting. （ A） To be kind. （ B） To be sociable. （ C） To be rude. （ D） To be strong. （ A） Tell the truth. （ B） Show the strength. （ C） Build self-confidence. （ D） Learn from knowledge
9、. （ A） Be the best of a group. （ B） Solve problems quickly. （ C） Be brave and treat others kindly. （ D） Accept life as it is. Section B （ A） Because the time of a period is too long. （ B） Because they are lacking in sleep. （ C） Because they are not interested in the class. （ D） Because they want to
10、go out and play. （ A） It will make them speed on the road. （ B） It will make them lose in sports. （ C） It will have huge influence on their well-being. （ D） It will bring disasters to them. （ A） To start classes earlier. （ B） To emphasize the first- and second-period classes. （ C） To delay the first
11、 period for 30 minutes. （ D） To change the content of the courses. （ A） Private schools were expensive. （ B） Teachers could not meet the requirements. （ C） Women couldnt learn French. （ D） Women didnt like schooling. （ A） She taught a great number of young women. （ B） She made the law which protects
12、 womens right to education. （ C） She succeeded in developing a school into a college. （ D） She was responsible for the spread of higher education for women in the US. （ A） Nobody studies her nowadays. （ B） People forgot her. （ C） Higher education stopped spreading. （ D） Her influence lasted. （ A） A
13、gathering of suggestions and information. （ B） A book full of useful knowledge. （ C） A fact concerning wildlife. （ D） A book about farmers in southern Africa. （ A） Helping people in Africa live longer. （ B） Educating the farmers in Kenya to breed more animals. （ C） Providing methods to deal with ani
14、mals without harming them. （ D） Sharing information about farmers in southern Africa. （ A） Entering the water alone without arms. （ B） Building strong fencing at watering points. （ C） Overfishing the waters where crocodiles live. （ D） Fighting with the crocodiles. （ A） By using fence to exclude them
15、. （ B） By using snake to frighten them. （ C） By giving them enough food. （ D） By eliminating them thoroughly. Section C 26 Last year, Christmas was the biggest single day for e-book sales by HarperCollins. And【 B1】 _are that this years Christmas Day total will be even higher, given the【 B2】 _strong
16、sales of e-readers like the Kindle and the Nook. Amazon【 B3】_that it had sold one million of its Kindles in each of the three【 B4】 _weeks. But we can also guess that the number of visitors to the e-book sections of public libraries websites is about to【 B5】 _, too. And that is a source of great worr
17、y for publishers. In their eyes, borrowing an e-book from a library has been too easy. It is worried that people will【 B6】 _to borrow an e-book from a library rather than buy it. Almost all major publishers in the United States now block libraries【 B7】 _the e-book form of either all of their titles
18、or their most recently published ones. Borrowing a printed book from the library【 B8】 _an inconvenience upon its patrons. “You have to walk or drive to the library, and then walk or drive back to return it,“ says Maja Thomas, a senior vice president of the Hachettte Book Group. And print copies dont
19、 last forever, and the ones that are much【 B9】 _will have to be replaced. “Selling one copy that could be lent out an infinite number of times with no friction is not a【 B10】_business model for us,“ Ms. Thomas says. E-lending is not without some friction. Software ensures that only one patron can re
20、ad an e-book copy at a time, and people who see a long waiting list for a certain title may decide to buy it instead. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 A leading biologist has compared the physiology(生理学 )of flighted species with
21、the representations of spiritual and mythical creatures in art. He found the angels and fairies that sit atop of Christmas trees did not get there under their own power【 C1】_. Prof. Roger Wotton, from University College London, found that flight would be impossible for angels【 C2】 _with arms and bir
22、d-like feathered wings. “Even a【 C3】 _examination of the evidence in representational arts shows that angels and fairies(小精灵 )cannot take off and cannot use powered【 C4】 _, and even if they used gliding flight, they would need to be exposed to very high wind speed at take-off - such high winds that
23、they would be【 C5】 _away and have no need for wings. “ Angels, fairies adorn some of the worlds most famous religious paintings and【 C6】_, hovering in the air to【 C7】 _the deeds of God and men. Their power to capture the imagination is so strong that a survey last year【 C8】 _that most Americans beli
24、eve in angels. Prof. Wotton explores the reason in his paper: “Angels are very【 C9】 _religious icons for people with faith. Their similarity to humans adds to their power. At the same time, they have wings on them because they are more than human. They take【 C10】 _to heaven and therefore have to fly
25、. “ A)actually F)cursory K)powerful B)additionally G)finally L)prove C)architecture H)flight M)pushed D)blown I)messages N)revealed E)curious J)portrayed O)witness 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Why Summer Vacation Wont Make Yo
26、u Happier A)From an informal and highly unscientific survey of friends and colleagues, I can report that the reasons for not feeling happy after returning from vacation include: the flight home(red-eye to New York); realizing what they just did to their credit-card balance; getting back to work; won
27、dering if they should have gone somewhere different; sharp memories of kids fighting constantly in the back seat of the rental car; and sadness that the next vacation will not arrive for months, typically around the end of the year, making them wonder over and over, how am I going to hold out until
28、then? I, in contrast, not having taken a vacation this year and with none scheduled, am positively euphoric(非常高兴的 )compared with these unhappy souls: I have something to look forward to and a world of possible destinations to fantasize about. B)Anecdotes do not equal data, as scientists say, but in
29、this case the anecdotes about vacations failing to give us a post-trip mood boost match the results of years of research. Studies point to an inescapable conclusion: “Generally, there is no difference between vacationers and non-vacationers post-trip happiness,“ as the authors of a recent paper in t
30、he journal Applied Research in Quality of Life put it. One interesting exception is the period just before taking a vacation, when about-to-be travelers report feeling happier than nonvacationers, possibly because the anticipation puts them in a good mood. C)But the holiday aftermath is a different
31、story, and a glum one. One small study in 2008 used text messages from vacationers during their holidays to assess how happy they were, and then compared these real-time messages with how people recalled their holiday moods once theyd returned to real life. Vacationers were, overall, happier on holi
32、day than in their normal lives. So far, so good. But once home, they stank at remembering how happy they had been while away. consistently recalling higher levels of happiness than they had reported at the time. That suggests two things: we will ourselves to recall being happy on vacation(if we were
33、nt happy, why did we just spend all that money?), but by comparison real life feels grimmer. D)Another small study, from 2004 in the Annals of Tourism Research , measured the effect of a vacation on post-vacation mood more directly, having people fill out a questionnaire that assessed their levels o
34、f happiness right before going on holiday and then when they returned.(Nontravelers also filled out the questionnaire, with results confirming that about-to-be vacationers indeed experience an anticipatory high.)The carry-over effect of a vacation on happiness was so small, the best the researchers
35、could report was that vacations are “not causing individuals to feel any worse off than before traveling. “ I dont think well be seeing that sentiment on tourist Web sites any time soon. “Come to the Caribbean: you wont feel any lousier than you did before vacationing here!“ E)Even the small positiv
36、e effects last about as long as a sunburn. Sure, take a vacation in hopes that it will relieve your burnout, but within three to four weeks people are feeling as stressed out as before, found a 2001 study in which the authors concluded: “Vacation alleviated(减轻 )perceived job stress and burnout as pr
37、edicted . But we found a return to prevacation levels of burnout four weeks later.“ That may be one reason the sense of happiness fades as well: if you feel just as much burnout a month after returning from vacation as you did before, no wonder youre grouchy(脾气坏的 ). This result isnt from just a sing
38、le study, by the way: a 2009 meta-analysis of seven reached the same conclusion about the post-vacation letdown. F)For one thing, holiday trips are not 24/7 bliss. There are missed flight connections, disappointing hotels, bad food, and illness. Looking back on all that, once were back home, can und
39、erstandably put a dent in our happiness. Also, whats called the peak-end effect can affect post-trip mood. The most intense experiences(peak)and those that occur as the vacation is winding down(end)leave the most lasting impressions. If we fail to pack a few ultrahighs into a trip(swim with the dolp
40、hins one day, climb a volcano another)and instead have a lot of so-so pleasant experiences or start the trip with a bang but end it in a letdown whimper then post-trip happiness will suffer. G)Although scientists generally find no correlation between length of a vacation and post-trip contentment, t
41、here is one argument in favor of shorter vacations. Say you get 10 days of vacation a year. If you take them as three vacations(of 4 days, 4 days, and 2 days), you will have more final days, when fun experiences have the strongest carry-over effect, and more pre-vacation anticipation highs than if y
42、ou took two 5-day trips, let alone a single 10-day trip.(The above does not hold if, like me, you find vacation planning so stressful that the very thought of doing it three times a year is enough to make you a workaholic.) H)The latest study of vacations effect on happiness has the virtue of studyi
43、ng a large number of people(1 530). Scientists in the Netherlands had participants answer a questionnaire asking if they had recently “enjoyed their daily tasks,“ had recently felt “unhappy,“ or had recently felt “gloomy.“ Possible answers were “never,“ “almost never,“ “sometimes,“ “very often,“ and
44、 “always. “ The study compared responses of the 556 people who did not go on a holiday with those of the 974 who did, controlling for things like personality(extroverts tend to be happier and might vacation more, so you have to subtract this effect from the happiness levels of vacationers). I)Result
45、: vacationers were happier before their trips than were nonvacationers, confirming the anticipation effect or suggesting that people able to take trips might have more happiness-boosting characteristics(good health, money, friends and family to travel with)than nonvacationers do. But “post-trip happ
46、iness did not differ between vacationers and non-vacationers,“ the scientists found. The travelers happiness edge had actually disappeared. Even more sobering, happiness levels post-trip were little different from what they had been before. J)Even people who had had the least stressful vacations exp
47、erienced this happiness fadeout, with their sense of contentment falling to pre-trip levels eight weeks after their return. “The benefits of a very relaxed holiday trip last maximally for two weeks,“ write the scientists. “A holiday trip does not have a prolonged effect on happiness,“ and “length of
48、 stay is not associated with post-trip happiness. Returning home involves a swift return to pre-trip happiness levels. “ 47 Memories about the extreme experiences during a vacation will last for a long time. 48 Nonvacationers might have less happiness-boosting characteristics than vacationers. 49 So
49、me people believe several shorter vacations will bring them more happiness than a long one. 50 That they cannot have a good rest on the flight home is one of the reasons people dont feel happy after vacations. 51 One study showed that people, once home, pretended to have had more happy times during the vacation. 52 Without taking a vacation this year, I feel very happy because I can enjoy the possible destinations in my imagination. 53 Scientist
