1、高级口译（笔试）模拟试卷 19及答案与解析 Part A Spot Dictation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Re
2、member you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. 0 It streaked across the sky in a warm March evening last year, then (1) a street in the small town of Monahans, Texas. When seven boys quit their basketball game to (2) the damage, they found a shiny, black grapefruit-size rock nestled in the asphalt. (3)
3、 traveled quickly in newspapers and on TV. The next day, NASA scientist Everett Gibson arrived and took the meteorite, later named Monahans 1998, back to a lab in Houston. There researchers (4) the extraterrestrial rock with a hammer and chisel. To their surprise, they smack water. A team led by Mic
4、hael Zolensky of the Johnson Space Center reports (5) in the current issue of the journal Science. Its the first time anyone has found liquid water (6) from space-and a tantalizing suggestion that (7) . Meteorites containing water are probably not (8) , Zolensky says. But by the time researchers get
5、 their hands on the rocks, minerals that trap the water (9) away, and the water has evaporated. “Worse, some researchers destroy the aqueous evidence by cutting meteorites open with rock saws and water. Im betting this isnt (10) ; its just that people have been (11) their meteorites,“ Zolensky says.
6、 Of course, Zolenskys team did get a bit lucky. Monahans 1998 was safe in their lab less than two days after it hit Earth, so they examined (12) . The scientists were intrigued to find vivid purple crystals of halite inside the meteorite, since halite is a salt (13) usually formed from liquid water.
7、 Even more curious were the hundreds of tiny bubbles (14) in the halite crystals. Zolenskys team analyzed the bubbles by shining (15) through them and confirmed they were made of salty brine. By dating the halite, Zolenskys team found the water trapped inside it formed at least 4.5 billion years ago
8、, back when most scientists believe (16) was born. That means the briny relic may help researchers learn about the gaseous-nebula that (17) our sun and planets. But how did the meteorite get wet? One possibility is that a passing comet (18) the rock, dropping off a load of liquid water. Or the rock
9、might have chipped off an asteroid that holds pools of fluid. Zolenskys team still needs to study whether the water comes from our own solar system. One thing is certain, however: the Monahans meteorite will fuel (19) extraterrestrial life. “Water is a life-giver, so if you want to study where life
10、came from in the solar system, you have to (20) ,“ Zolensky says. A wet rock from space doesnt mean little green men are coming soon to a planet near you, but it does raise hopes that were not alone in the universe. Part B Listening Comprehension Directions: In this part of the test there will be so
11、me short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the correspondin
12、g space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. （ A） Steel was cheaper and more plentiful. （ B） Steel was cleaner and easier to mine. （ C） Steel was lighter and easier to mold. （ D） Steel was stronger and more durable. （ A） Heater. （ B） Steamer. （ C） Converter. （ D） Shower. （ A） It directed air at melted iron in a
13、furnace, removing all impurities. （ B） It could quickly find deposits of iron ore under the ground. （ C） It slowly heated iron ore, then stirred it and heated it again. （ D） It changed iron ore into iron, which was a substitute for steel. （ A） In Pittsburgh. （ B） In the Mesabi Range. （ C） Near lake
14、Michigan. （ D） Near Lake Erie. （ A） The mass production of steel caused a revolution in the industrial world. （ B） The mass production of steel caused a decline in the railroad industry. （ C） The mass production of steel caused an increase in the price of steel. （ D） The mass production of steel cau
15、sed a feeling of discontent among steel workers. （ A） The scientist exploited the laws of nature. （ B） The engineer was more practical. （ C） The engineer was an intellectual. （ D） The scientist was deeply involved in the practical application of his or her work. （ A） A French chemist and bacteriolog
16、ist. （ B） A Dutch astronomer, mathematician, and physicist. （ C） A British mathematician and philosopher. （ D） A Dutch chemist and philosopher. （ A） As examples of pure scientists. （ B） As examples of scientists who represented the best of each century. （ C） As examples of scientists who made practi
17、cal as well as theoretical contributions. （ D） As examples of engineers who knew something about pure science. （ A） That it is detached from engineering. （ B） That it is related to engineering. （ C） That it is best explained by the historical distinctions made between science and engineering. （ D） T
18、hat it is a purely theoretical field. （ A） Louis Pasteur. （ B） Christian Huygens. （ C） Isaac Newton. （ D） A British chemist. （ A） By computer. （ B） By radio. （ C） By doctors. （ D） By the phone caller. （ A） Because they live at 350,000 different places. （ B） So doctors can treat injured fire fighters
19、 quickly. （ C） Because they need medical examinations. （ D） So they can be removed from burning buildings. （ A） By helping them prepare for possible dangers. （ B） By answering calls. （ C） By sending information to City Hall. （ D） By putting out fires. （ A） Kansas City. （ B） Kandahar. （ C） Maryland.
20、（ D） New York City. （ A） Computer are very fast. （ B） These Computers contain all the addresses in the city. （ C） Computers can be used by doctors. （ D） Computers help firemen ha many ways. （ A） A mistaken picture in students mind. （ B） The unscientific way of teaching of science. （ C） The fact that
21、 students fail to see the influence of science. （ D） The fact that students have a collection of unrelated facts about science. （ A） They will change their attitude to science. （ B） They will be more sympathetic with science and understand the work done by scientists. （ C） They will certainly become
22、 scientists as they hope to. （ D） It will bring about good reading and learning. （ A） To teach students to do things according to formulas. （ B） To provide students with all kinds of information. （ C） To help students have a good understanding and form a correct attitude to science. （ D） To encourag
23、e students to have a good command of knowledge. （ A） Scientists are great persons. （ B） Scientists make discoveries and apply them to help people live a good life. （ C） They owe much to scientists contributions. （ D） They can be influenced by scientists when they are together. （ A） Need for good sci
24、ence teaching. （ B） Every person, including governors, lawyers and business leaders should study science. （ C） Young people should form a correct attitude to science. （ D） Students must know what science is and how scientists work and think. 一、 SECTION 2 READING TEST Directions: In this section you
25、will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, A, B, C or D, to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write tile letter of the answer you have ch
26、osen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. 40 Farmers in the developing world would hate price fluctuations. It makes it hard to plan ahead. But most of them have little choice, they sell at the price the market sets. Farmers in Europe, the US and Japan are luckier: they receive massive
27、 government subsidies in the form of guaranteed prices or direct handout. Last month US President Bush signed a new farm bill that gives American farmers $190 billion over the next 10 years, or $ 83 billion more than they had been scheduled to get, and pushes US agricultural support close to crazy E
28、uropean levels. Bush said the step was necessary to “promote farmer independence and preserve the farm way of life for generations“. It is also designed to help the Republican Party win control of the Senate in Novembers mid-term elections. Agricultural production in most poor countries accounts for
29、 up to 50% of GDP, compared to only 3% in rich countries. But most farmers in poor countries grow just enough for themselves and their families. Those who try exporting to the West find their goods whacked with huge tariffs or competing against cheaper subsidized goods. In 1999 developing counties r
30、eceive in aid close up to $14 just because of trade barriers imposed on the export of their manufactured goods. Its not as if the developing world wants any favors, says Gerald Ssendawula, Ugandas Minister of Finance. “What we want is for the rich countries to let us compete. “ Agriculture is one of
31、 the few areas in which the Third World can compete. Land and labor are cheap, and as farming methods develop, new technologies should improve output. This is no pie-in- the-sky speculation. The biggest success in Kenyas economy over the past decade has been the boom in exports of cut flowers and ve
32、getables to Europe. But that may all change in 2008, when Kenya will be slightly too rich to qualify for the “least-developed country“ status that allows African producers to avoid paying stiff European import duties on selected agricultural products. With trade barriers in place, the horticulture i
33、ndustry in Kenya will shrivel as quickly as a discarded rose. And while agriculture exports remain the great hope for poor countries, reducing trade barriers in other sectors also works: Americas African Growth and Opportunity Act, which cuts duties on exports of everything from handicrafts to shoes
34、, has proved a boom to Africas manufacturers. The lesson. the Third World can prosper if the rich world gives it a fair go. This is what makes Bushs decision to increase farm subsidies last month all the more depressing. Poor countries have long suspected that the rich world urges trade liberalizati
35、on only so it can wangle its way into new markets. Such suspicions caused the Seattle trade talks to break down three years ago. But last November members of the World Trade Organization, meeting in Doha, Qatar, finally agreed to a new round of talks designed to open up global trade in agriculture a
36、nd textiles. Rich countries assured poor countries that their concerns were finally being addressed. Bushs handout last month makes a lie of Americas commitment to those talks and his personal devotion to free trade. 41 By comparison, farmers _ receive more government subsidies than others. （ A） in
37、the developing world （ B） in Japan （ C） in Europe （ D） in America 42 In addition to the economic considerations, there is a _ motive behind Bushs signing of the new farm bill. （ A） partisan （ B） social （ C） financial （ D） cultural 43 Kenya is cited as an example to show that _. （ A） poor countries e
38、conomy will continue to prosper （ B） poor countries should not only rely on agriculture （ C） poor countries should fight to reduce trade tariffs （ D） poor countries should be given fair treatment 44 The message the writer attempts to convey throughout the passage is that _. （ A） poor countries shoul
39、d be given equal opportunities in trade （ B） the “least-developed country“ status benefits agricultural countries （ C） poor countries should remove their suspicions about trade liberalizations （ D） farmers in poor countries should also receive the benefits of subsidies 45 The writers attitude toward
40、s new farm subsidies in the US is _. （ A） favorable （ B） ambiguous （ C） critical （ D） reserved 45 If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born
41、in the earlier months of the year than in the later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced. What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses
42、: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills; b) winter born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina; c) soccer mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania; d)none of the above. Anders Ericsson
43、, a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University, says he believes strongly in “none of the above.“ Ericsson grew up in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. His first experim
44、ent, nearly 30 years ago, involved memory: training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers. “With the first subject, after about 20 hours of training, his digit span had risen from 7 to 20,“ Ericsson recalls. “He kept improving, and after about 200 hours of training he had risen
45、 to over 80 numbers. “ This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in
46、their abilities to memorize, those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes“ the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a ta
47、sk. Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome. Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits, including soccer. They gather all the data they can, not just perf
48、ormance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers. Their work makes a rather startling assertion, the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. Or, put another way, expert performerswhether in memory or surgery, ballet o
49、r computer programming-are nearly always made, not born. 46 The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to _. （ A） stress the importance of professional training （ B） spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup （ C） introduce the topic of what makes expert performance （ D） explain why some soccer teams play better than others 47 The word “mania“ (Para.2) most probably means _. （ A） fun （ B） craze （ C） hysteria （ D） excitement 48 According to Ericsson, good memory _. （ A） depends on meaningful proc
