1、2009年浙江大学二外英语考研真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 0 Whether the eyes are “the windows of the soul“ is debatable; that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact. During
2、the first two months of a baby s life, the stimulus that produces a smile is a pair of eyes. The eyes need not be real: a mask with two dots will produce a smile. Significantly, a real human face with eyes covered will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is present
3、ed in profile. This attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures. In one study, when American four-year-olds were asked to draw people, 75 percent of them drew people with mouths, but 99 percent of them drew people with eyes. In Japan, however, where babies are ca
4、rried on their mother s back, infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other countries. As a result, Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode or decode meaning. In fact, Argyle reveals that the “ proper place to focus one s gaze during a conversation in Jap
5、an is on the neck of one s conversation partner. “ The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined; speakers make contact with the eyes of their listeners for about one second, then glance away as they talk; in a few moments they re-establish eye contact wi
6、th the listeners or reassure themselves that their audience is still attentive, then shift their gaze away once more. Listeners, meanwhile, keep their eyes on the face of the speaker, allowing themselves to glance away only briefly. It is important they be looking at the speaker at the precise momen
7、t when the speaker re-establishes eye contact: if they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is to the maintenance of conversational flow becomes e
8、vident when two speakers are wearing dark glasses; there may be a sort a of traffic jam of words caused by interruption, false starts, and unpredictable pauses. 1 The author is convinced that the eyes are_. （ A） of extreme importance in expressing feelings and exchanging ideas （ B） something through
9、 which one can see a person s inner world （ C） of considerable significance in making conversations interesting （ D） something the value of which is largely a matter of long debate 2 Babies will not be stimulated to smile by a person_. （ A） whose front view is fully perceived （ B） whose face is seen
10、 from the side （ C） whose face is covered with a mask （ D） whose face is free of any covering 3 According to the passage, the Japanese fix their gaze on their conversation partner s neck because _. （ A） they don t think it polite to have eye contact （ B） they need not communicate through eye contact
11、 （ C） they don t like to keep their eyes on the face of the speaker （ D） they didn t have much opportunity to communicate through eye contact in babyhood 4 According to the passage, a conversation between two Americans may break down due to （ A） one temporarily glancing away from the other （ B） eye
12、contact of more than one second （ C） improperly-timed ceasing of eye contact （ D） constant adjustment of eye contact 5 To keep conversation flowing smoothly, it is better for the participants_. （ A） not to wear dark glasses （ B） not to make any interruptions （ C） not to glance away from each other （
13、 D） not to make unpredictable pauses 5 Mireille Guiliano, a champagne company executive, captured the attention of frustrated dieters with her joy of life in the 2005 best seller, French Women Don t Get Fat. She called it “the ultimate non-diet book“ and offered no advice on counting calories, or fa
14、t grams. Instead, the simple message was this: Eat three meals a day, keep the portions small, use lots of seasonal fruits and vegetables, drink plenty of water, savor wine, walk everywhere and allow yourself occasional treats. She says her advice is “ not a quick fix. These are changes you have to
15、make in your life, and you don t have to be French to do it. “ Guiliano says some of her Parisian friends were angry with her for giving away their secrets for remaining svelte. But she wants others to discover the pleasures of eating and cooking so that they too can be Slender. She knows what it fe
16、els like to be overweight. She gained 20 pounds in her teens when she was an exchange student in the USA. After she returned home, her doctor encouraged her to go back to the traditional French way of living. When she did, her weight melted off without dieting and with little effort. She has kept it
17、 off for 30 years. In her view, too many people around the world are eating carelessly. Just the other day she saw a woman on the subway in New York swallowing down a large piece of bread and drinking coffee. Many people are falling into “the 21st-century trap. We have crazy lives-rush, rush, rush.
18、We are surrounded with food everywhere,“ Guiliano says. There s a payoff to eating more mindfully. One female reader lost 10 pounds after she began sitting down for her meals, eating more slowly, focusing, chewing well and savoring her food, Guiliano says. It s easier to eat healthfully if you cook
19、at home, she says. But cooking is a casualty of this time-pressed society, and many Americans aren t comfortable in the kitchen, she says. “ In France, cooking is an act of love, and it s very sensual. People here see cooking as a chore. For me, cooking is relaxing. “ Still, as an executive with a b
20、usy schedule, she doesn t want to spend two hours preparing a meal. “You can make a delicious meal in 30 minutes. “ Good recipes dont have to have “25 ingredients , use four pieces of equipment and take three hours to make,“ she says. It s a matter of planning and organizing. The key is to use fresh
21、, seasonal ingredients so that everything has plenty of flavor. When meals are full of flavor and not laden with artificial ingredients “ it s easier to be content with less. “ 6 Which of the following statements would Mireille Guiliano support? （ A） more fruit and less wine make a healthier diet （
22、B） more and more people want to cook and eat at home （ C） dieters should pay more attention to calories and fat grams （ D） people don t need to force themselves automatically to follow the book 7 The word svelte(Paragraph 4)most probably means_. （ A） slim （ B） beautiful （ C） secret （ D） fat 8 If you
23、 want to keep your figure in shape, it is better to eat_. （ A） freely and happily （ B） mindfully and slowly （ C） casually and carelessly （ D） quickly and absent-mindedly 9 Which of the following is the best title for the passage? （ A） Say No to Diet Forever （ B） How to Prepare Your Meal （ C） The Mag
24、ic Guiliano Brings to You （ D） Guiliano, the Successful Dieter 10 What can we learn from the passage? （ A） Guiliano is a happy housewife. （ B） Guiliano has never had any weight problems in her life. （ C） A delicious meal needs time to cook and time to enjoy. （ D） The higher quality a meal is, the le
25、ss one might eat. 10 The featured articles are what Wikipedia editors believe are the best articles in Wildpedia. Before being listed here, articles are reviewed at Wikipedia: Featured article candidates for accuracy, neutrality, completeness, and style according to our featured article criteria. At
26、 present, there are 1,140 featured articles, of a total of 1,458,031 articles on Wikipedia. Thus, about one in 1,270 articles is listed here. Articles that no longer meet the criteria can be proposed for improvement or removal by being listed at Wikipedia: Featured article review. Here, we determine
27、 which articles are featured on Wikipedia: Featured articles. A featured article should exemplify Wikipedias very best work by meeting the featured article criteria. Nominators are expected to make an effort to address objections. If you have worked on your nomination, note it as a “self-nomination“
28、. Please do not post more than one nomination at a time, as this may make it difficult to do justice to each. Before nominating an article, you may wish to receive feedback by listing it at Wikipedia; Peer review. For a nomination to be promoted to FA status, consensus must be reached that it meets
29、the criteria. Consensus is built among the reviewers and nominators, and the Featured Article Director determines whether there is consensus. If, after sufficient time, objections considered actionable by the Featured Article Director have not been resolved or consensus for promotion has not been re
30、ached, a nomination may be removed from the list and put into files. The FA Director determines the timing of the process for each nomination. Because you may have spent weeks or even months working on an article, you may feel emotionally attached to it. Although you may know more about the subject
31、than the reviewers, please be aware that all professional writers take criticism from editors, and that contributors should strive to achieve professional quality in their nominations. Therefore, contributors are strongly encouraged to respond positively to criticism. 11 The article which can be lis
32、ted in Wikipedia should be one EXCEPT_. （ A） precise （ B） objective （ C） of a special style （ D） biased 12 When one nominates an article, one should bear in mind that_. （ A） one post is allowed at a time （ B） one should post his address as well （ C） one should not nominate his own article （ D） one c
33、an only nominate one article at a time 13 The word “consensus“(Paragraph 4)most probably means_. （ A） agreement （ B） comment （ C） opinion （ D） dispute 14 We can learn from the passage that_. （ A） articles fail to meet the featured article criteria will be listed at Wikipedia; Peer Review （ B） good w
34、riters should have the courage to face criticism （ C） all the writers know more about the subject they wrote about than the Reviewers （ D） the more nomination, the more chances to be listed as featured article 15 It can be inferred from the passage that_. （ A） a featured article should be nominated
35、by the FA Director alone （ B） the criteria for a featured article are too complex to be practical （ C） the process of deciding featured articles is intended to be as objective as possible （ D） the emotional attachment plays an important part in deciding featured articles 15 Clothes play a critical p
36、art in the conclusions we reach by providing clues to who people are, who they are not, and who they would like to be. They tell us a good deal about the wearers background, personality, status, mood, and social outlook. Since clothes are such an important source of social information, we can use th
37、em to manipulate people s impression of us. Our appearance assumes particular significance in the initial phases of interaction that is likely to occur. An elderly middle-class man or woman may be alienated by a young adult who is dressed in an unconventional manner, regardless of the person s educa
38、tion, background, or interests. People ten to agree on what certain types of clothes mean. Adolescent girls can easily agree on the lifestyles of girls who wear certain outfits, including the number of boyfriends they likely have had and whether they smoke or drink. Newscasters, or the announcers wh
39、o read the news on TV, are considered to be more convincing, honest, and competent when they are dressed conservatively. And college students who view themselves as taking an active role in their interpersonal relationships say they are concerned about the costumes they must wear to play these roles
40、 successfully. Moreover, many of us can relate instances in which the clothing we wore changed the way we felt about ourselves and how we acted. Perhaps you have used clothing to gain confidence when you anticipated a stressful situation, such as a job interview or a court appearance. In the workpla
41、ce, men have long had well-defined precedents and role models for achieving success. It has been otherwise for women. A good many women in the business world are uncertain about the appropriate mixture of “masculine“ and “feminine“ attributes they should convey by their professional clothing. The va
42、riety of clothing alternatives to women has also been greater than that a-vailable for men. Male administrators tend to judge women more favorably for managerial positions when the women display less “feminine“ grooming-short hair, moderate use of make-up, and plain tailored clothing. As one male ad
43、ministrator confessed, “An attractive woman is definitely going to get a longer interview, but she won t get the job. “ 16 According to the passage, the way we dress_. （ A） provides clues for people who are critical of us （ B） indicates our likes and dislikes in choosing a career （ C） has a direct i
44、nfluence on the way people regard us （ D） is of particular importance when we grow old 17 From the third paragraph of the passage, we can conclude that young adults tend to believe that certain types of clothing can_. （ A） change people s conservative attitudes towards their lifestyles （ B） help you
45、ng people make friends with the opposite sex （ C） make them competitive in the job market （ D） help them achieve success in their interpersonal relationships 18 The word “precedents“(Paragraph 4)most probably means_. （ A） early examples for men to follow （ B） particular positions for men to take （ C
46、） things that men should agree upon （ D） men s beliefs that everything in the world is destined 19 According to the passage, many career women find themselves in difficult situations because （ A） men are more favorably judged for managerial positions （ B） the variety of professional clothing is two
47、wide for them to choose （ C） women are generally thought to be only good for being fashion models （ D） they are not sure to what extent they should display their feminine qualities though clothing 20 Which of the following is the best title for the passage? （ A） Dressing for Effect （ B） Dressing for
48、 the Occasion （ C） How to Dress Appropriately （ D） Managerial Positions and Clothing 21 Their financial success has_jealousy among their neighbors. （ A） represented （ B） indulged （ C） engendered （ D） reflected 22 There are three stadiums in this city, each having a seating_of 5000 spectators. （ A） c
49、apability （ B） capacity （ C） proficiency （ D） competence 23 Dr Johnson_the task of writing a comprehensive English dictionary. （ A） undertook （ B） undermined （ C） underwent （ D） underlined 24 Churches are not allowed to_their beliefs on people, but they are allowed to practice their faith freely. （ A） expose （ B） impose （ C） dispose （ D） compose 25 The medical benefits of x - rays far_the risk of having them. （ A） outwit （ B） outnumber （ C） outperform （ D） outw
