1、考研英语模拟试卷 58及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 A month ago, the British government announced a plan to keep terrorist suspects indefinitely under house arrest (1)_ the home secret
2、arys say-so, It has been attacked from all sides ever since. This week the government backtracked. Under the Prevention of Terrorism bill, (2)_ to Parliament this week, house arrest would (3)_ a potential (4)_ in the governments ever-expanding anti-terrorist arsenal, but the government would first h
3、ave to (5)_ of Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights guaranteeing a right to liberty. Parliament would have to vote on that. The government could do this (6)_ the terrorist threat to Britain, already described by the government as “ (7)_“, got even worse. Even then, the powers would r
4、emain (8)_ by political and judicial safeguards. Before the home secretary could make a house-arrest order, he would have to be satisfied on the (9)_ of probabilities no longer on the basis of “reasonable suspicion that the suspect has been “involved in a terrorism-related activity“. He would also h
5、ave to be (10)_ that such an order was “strictly required“. The period of house-arrest will be limited to a maximum of six months, extendable through a new house-arrest order. Within seven days of its being imposed, the High Court would have to confirm that the home secretary had “ (11)_ grounds“ fo
6、r making such an order. Even if it were so satisfied, the case would go on to a full court (12)_. The bill also provides for a whole range of lesser restrictions including tagging, curfews, a ban on association with specified people, prohibitions on using phones, restrictions on travel, and so on. (
7、13)_ to meet the threat (14)_ by each suspect and limited to a renewable period of 12 months, these would not be subject to the same judicial scrutiny as house arrest. Nor would they require (15)_ from the European convention. But the new orders, including house arrest, would be used only where a su
8、spected terrorist could not be prosecuted (16)_ because the evidence against him was not admissible in court, or because it might (17)_ intelligence sources or (18)_ techniques. Charles Clarke insists that he would prefer to prosecute. (19)_ the home secretary is considering further anti-terrorist l
9、egislation, including making it (20)_ to be involved in the preparation or commission of terrorist acts. （ A） on （ B） by （ C） at （ D） for （ A） taken （ B） introduced （ C） mentioned （ D） pat out （ A） stay （ B） leave （ C） remain （ D） keep （ A） way （ B） tool （ C） arms （ D） manner （ A） opt for （ B） opt o
10、ut （ C） be apt to （ D） adopt （ A） if only （ B） only if （ C） only that （ D） only not （ A） unpracticed （ B） unpredictable （ C） unprepared （ D） unprecedented （ A） supported （ B） hedged （ C） backed （ D） assisted （ A） level （ B） equality （ C） balance （ D） might （ A） met （ B） fulfilled （ C） satisfied （ D）
11、 gratified （ A） sensible （ B） rational （ C） logical （ D） reasonable （ A） listening （ B） hearing （ C） inquiring （ D） witness （ A） Tailored （ B） Cut （ C） Repaired （ D） Matched （ A） put （ B） posed （ C） forced （ D） made （ A） defiance （ B） degeneration （ C） derogation （ D） delay （ A） or （ B） either （ C）
12、neither （ D） nor （ A） revel in （ B） revenge （ C） reverse （ D） reveal （ A） survey （ B） surveillance （ C） survival （ D） surrender （ A） Its why （ B） Thats why （ C） Its how （ D） Thats how （ A） a crime （ B） an evil （ C） a threat （ D） a violation Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer th
13、e questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 As summer approaches, there is good news and bad in our latest Insider Advantage poll. With terrorism in the back of our minds and a terrible economy in the front of it, only 17% of American adults say they plan to travel less this
14、 summer than in the past, 24% say they will travel more and the rest say nothing has changed this vacation season from past ones. Thats the good news but the poll portends some bad news, too, indicating what might be a deep-seated problem in the United States today, harder to fathom than terrorist k
15、illers or empty wallets. The only age group that has more ambitious travel plans than ever is the 18 29 age group showing a 44 % jump in vacation plans over last year. Thats hardly great news for the travel and hospitality industry, which desperately need bigger spenders on the road. Beyond that, th
16、e wide disparity in travel plans among the younger and older says something about the just-out-of-college generation. Without impugning the work ethic of the many exceptions to the role, I think its safe to say that anyone with experience with the younger end of the work force must have been taken a
17、back by the unrealistic expectations of the young and the restless as they set out to make their fortunes. They all seem to expect a salary based on their personal needs, not on their companys professional ones. They want not only luxuries but also plenty of time to enjoy them. Old people like me ar
18、e all the same in our bitter grousing and of course there are loads of hard-working young doctors; lawyers, business-people and others who contribute to their own individual and our collective economic well-being but there seems to be many more who dont. The blame for their absurd sense of entitleme
19、nt without personal sacrifice can most fairly be put on the shoulders of the generations that immediately precede them. This nation has changed its way of thinking about work and relaxation. What used to be a days holiday has morphed into a long weekend that starts on Thursday and ends next Tuesday?
20、 I find it unsurprising that young adults plan to travel more than ever this year, in spite of the hard times. They look to be following the road of less productivity in America, a road first mapped by their preceding elders, and now being paved by their offspring. Its good to see young people ventu
21、ring forth to see the world they live in, after all, youth is a fleeting thing but lets just hope that when they finally return from their travels, they still have a job to pay for it. 21 According to the author, there is a trend_. （ A） for people to travel more during hard times （ B） for younger pe
22、ople to delay working by traveling first （ C） for travelers to spend less （ D） for younger travelers to be unrealistic as they travel 22 Which of the following does NOT account for young people traveling more? （ A） The hard economic times. （ B） Their need for instant gratification. （ C） Expectations
23、 that they have a fight to pleasure. （ D） A lack of sacrifice. 23 The authors main concern with young adults traveling more is_. （ A） the increase it will have over unemployment （ B） a shortage of labor may arise （ C） that they do not spend much （ D） it demonstrates their lack of work ethic 24 The w
24、ord “entitlement“ in the text (Para. 3) probably means_. （ A） ethics （ B） arrogance （ C） privilege （ D） philosophy 25 What scenario does the author wish for young people when arrive back from their travels? （ A） A new appreciation for work. （ B） Work availability. （ C） A change in ethics. （ D） A new
25、 sense of purpose. 26 The good news made headlines nationwide: Deaths from several kinds of cancer have declined significantly in recent years. But the news has to be bittersweet for many cancer patients and their families. Every year, more than 500,000 people in the United States still die of cance
26、r. In fact, more than half of all patients diagnosed with cancer will die of their disease within a few years. And while its true survival is longer today than in the past, the quality of life for these patients is often greatly diminished. Cancer many of the treatments used to fight it causes pain,
27、 nausea, fatigue, and anxiety that routinely go undertreated or untreated. In the nations single-minded focus on curing cancer, we have inadvertently devalued the critical need for palliative care, which focuses on alleviating physical and psychological symptoms over the course of the disease. Nothi
28、ng would have a greater impact on the daily lives of cancer patients and their families than good symptom control and supportive therapy. Yet the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the federal governments leader in cancer research and training, spent less than I percent of its 1999 budget on any aspec
29、t of research or training in palliative care. The nation needs to get serious about reducing needless suffering. NCI should commit to and fund research aimed at improving symptom control and palliative care. NCI also could designate “centers of excellence“ among the cancer centers it recognizes. To
30、get that designation, centers would deliver innovative, top-quality palliative care to all segments of the populations the centers serve; train professionals in medicine, nursing, psychology, social work, and other disciplines to provide palliative dare; and conduct research. Insurance coverage for
31、palliative and hospice care also contributes to the problem by forcing people to choose between active treatment or hospice care. This “either/or“ approach does not readily allow these two types of essential care to be integrated. The Medicare hospice benefit is designed specifically for people in t
32、he final stages of illness and allows enrollment only if patients are expected to survive six months or less. The benefit excludes patients from seeking both palliative care and potentially life-extending treatment. That makes hospice enrollment an obvious deterrent for many patients. And hospices,
33、which may have the most skilled practitioners and the most experience in administering palliative care, cannot offer their services to people who could really benefit but still are pursuing active treatment. It is innately human to comfort and provide care to those suffering from cancer, particularl
34、y those close to death. Yet what seems self-evident at an individual, personal level has not guided policy at the level of institutions in this country. Death is inevitable, but severe suffering is not. To offer hope for a long life of the highest possible quality and to deliver the best quality can
35、cer care from diagnosis to death, our public institutions need to move toward policies that value and promote palliative care. 26 Palliative care is concerned with improving patients （ A） survival rates （ B） quality of life （ C） lifespans. （ D） options for health insurance providers 27 According to
36、the author, research on palliative care for cancer_. （ A） is more important than research for cancer cures （ B） has been overlooked by researchers （ C） is virtually non-existent （ D） is regarded by researchers as a frivolous topic 28 The main problem of insurance coverage for hospice care and active
37、 treatment is that_. （ A） it does not allow patients to seek both （ B） it only covers patients whose life expectancy is less than six months （ C） it deprives patients of the right to choose between two proven treatment methods （ D） hospice care is only covered when it may extend a patients life expe
38、ctancy 29 Hospices offer cancer patients_. （ A） an alternative to palliative care （ B） comfort in their early stages of illness （ C） skilled and experienced palliative care （ D） an alternative to active treatment 30 This text is mainly about_. （ A） improving cancer research in the U.S. （ B） reformin
39、g insurance coverage for cancer, patients （ C） understanding different options for cancer treatment and care （ D） reducing the suffering of cancer patients 31 When the Federal Communications Commission proposed giving low-power radio stations licenses on the FM dial, they knew theyd get flak from bi
40、g broadcasting. The National Association of Broadcasters (NAB), after all, spends millions of dollars every year lobbying to keep everybody else off the radio spectrum even locally managed, noncommercial stations that broadcast only within a four-mile radius. Sure enough, when the FCC proposed its n
41、ew regulations, the NAB began screaming about all the terrible things those tiny radio transmitters could do to the big ones, whose signals are 500 times as strong and whose reach is nearly 20 times as far. It was a pretty thin argument. So thin, in fact, that for a while if appeared the proposed re
42、gulations might survive the lobbying onslaught. And then the FCC and its allies ran into a most unlikely opponent, one with the moral authority to do real damage to their cause: National Public Radio. One might easily assume that NPR would look out for the public interest. After all, NPR was born fr
43、om the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967, which called for it to “encourage the development of programming that involves creative risks and that addresses the needs of unserved and underserved audiences“ while creating “programs of high quality, diversity, creativity, excellence, and innovation which
44、are obtained from diverse sources.“ The charter, in other words, describes exactly the kind of programming low-power radio might provide, particularly in rural or heavily immigrant communities where locally oriented programming could be more useful than nationally syndicated shows. But the well-mean
45、ing lefties at NPR didnt see low-power radio as a potential ally or kindred spirit. They saw it just as the big broadcasters did as a threatand tried to squash it in much the same way. They may have succeeded. NPRs lobbying supported a last-minute rider in Decembers Senate appropriations bill (which
46、 eventually became law). This amendment severely handicaps the low-power radio initiative. Specifically, it limits the licensing of low-power radio to just nine test markets, enforcing restrictions that effectively keep it out of urban are as and other major markets. It also mandates testing to dete
47、rmine the economic impact on established broadcasters. And, though John McCain has vowed to continue the fight for low power, for now at least NPR has won the day. The primary motivation behind opening the airwaves to low-power radio was to undo the damage wrought by the Telecommunications Act of 19
48、96. That law was supposed to increase competition on the airwaves. Instead, it consolidated control of radio stations in the hands of a few large, national companies that syndicate programs (or even whole broadcasts) to their affiliates, thus squeezing out local programming. By allowing small, nonco
49、mmercial stations, to break into the spectrum, the FCC hoped to reintroduce local material in places where it has all but vanished. In its application process, the FCC privileged local content and community involvement for example, assigning spectrum space to stations in primarily Latino areas that broadcast family-planning information in Spanish. Part of the application asked aspiring broadcasters how their stations would serve their nei
