1、Designation: C913 16C913 18Standard Specification forPrecast Concrete Water and Wastewater Structures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C913; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the recommended d
3、esign requirements and manufacturing practices for monolithic or sectionalprecast concrete water and wastewater structures with the exception of concrete pipe, box culverts, utility structures, septic tanks,grease interceptor tanks, and items included under the scope of Specification C478.NOTE 1Wate
4、r and wastewater structures are defined as solar heating reservoirs, cisterns, holding tanks, leaching tanks, extended aeration tanks, wetwells, pumping stations, distribution boxes, oil-water separators, treatment plants, manure pits, catch basins, drop inlets, and similar structures.NOTE 2Installa
5、tion and sealant requirements should receive special consideration due to special features of the application.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6、 safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordan
7、ce with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Stand
8、ards:2A184/A184M Specification for Welded Deformed Steel Bar Mats for Concrete ReinforcementA416/A416M Specification for Low-Relaxation, Seven-Wire Steel Strand for Prestressed ConcreteA421/A421M Specification for Stress-Relieved Steel Wire for Prestressed ConcreteA615/A615M Specification for Deform
9、ed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA706/A706M Specification for Deformed and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA1064A1064/A1064M Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for ConcreteC33C33/C33M Specification for C
10、oncrete AggregatesC39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete SpecimensC94/C94M Specification for Ready-Mixed ConcreteC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete AggregatesC150C150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC173C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of F
11、reshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric MethodC231C231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure MethodC260C260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for ConcreteC330C330/C330M Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural ConcreteC478 Specific
12、ation for Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole SectionsC494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for ConcreteC595C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C27 on Precast Concrete Products and is the direct re
13、sponsibility of Subcommittee C27.30 on Waterand Wastewater Containers.Current edition approved July 1, 2016May 1, 2018. Published July 2016May 2018. Originally approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 20082016 asC913 08.C913 16. DOI: 10.1520/C0913-16.10.1520/C0913-18.2 For referencedASTM
14、standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of
15、an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as publ
16、ished by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC685/C685M Specification for Concrete
17、Made by Volumetric Batching and Continuous MixingC890 Practice for Minimum Structural Design Loading for Monolithic or Sectional Precast Concrete Water and WastewaterStructuresC990 Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint SealantsC
18、1157C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement2.2 American Concrete Institute Standard:ACI 318 Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete32.3 Federal Specification:SS-S-210A Sealing Compound, Preformed Plastic, for Expansion Joints and Pipe Joints43. Ordering Information3.1
19、Unless otherwise designated by the purchaser before placing an order, a structure designed in accordance with Section 5 ofthis specification and found to satisfactorily meet the requirements imposed when tested and inspected as described herein shallbe acceptable. The test of materials as required s
20、hall be done in accordance with applicable ASTM International standards.Inspection, when required, shall include checks on fabrication and placing of reinforcement and concrete in accordance withapproved design drawings.4. Materials4.1 Cementitious Materials:4.1.1 CementCement shall conform to the r
21、equirements for portland cement of Specification C150C150/C150M, hydrauliccement Specification C1157C1157/C1157M, or shall be portland blast-furnace slag cement or portland-pozzolan cementconforming to the requirements of Specification C595C595/C595M, except that the pozzolan constituent in the Type
22、 IPportland-pozzolan cement shall be fly ash.4.1.2 Fly AshFly ash shall conform to the requirements of Specification C618, Class F or Class C.4.1.3 Ground Granulated BlastFurnace slag (GGBFS0-GGBFS) shall conform to the requirements of Grade 100 or 120 ofSpecification C890.4.1.4 Allowable Combinatio
23、ns of Cementitious MaterialThe combination of cementitious materials used in concrete shall beone of the following:4.1.4.1 Portland cement only;4.1.4.2 Portland blast furnace slag cement only;4.1.4.3 Slag-modified portland cement only;4.1.4.4 Portland-pozzolan cement only;4.1.4.5 A combination of po
24、rtland cement and fly ash;4.1.4.6 A combination of portland cement and ground granulated blast-furnace slag; and4.1.4.7 A combination of portland cement, ground granulated blast-furnace slag (not to exceed 25 % of the total cementitiousweight), and fly ash (not to exceed 25 % of the total cementitio
25、us weight.4.2 AggregatesAggregates shall conform to Specification C33C33/C33M and lightweight aggregates shall conform toSpecification C330C330/C330M, except that the requirements for grading shall not apply.4.3 WaterWater used in mixing concrete shall be clean and free of injurious amounts of oils,
26、 acids, alkalis, salts, organicmaterials, or other substances incompatible with concrete or steel.4.4 AdmixturesAdmixtures shall conform to Specification C494/C494M or C618 and shall not be injurious to other productsused in the concrete.4.4.1 Air-Entraining AdmixturesAir-entraining admixtures confo
27、rming to Specification C260C260/C260M shall be usedwhen there is a risk that the concrete may be exposed to freeze-thaw cycles. The concrete mixture shall contain 5.5 6 1.5 % airby volume as determined by Test Method C231C231/C231M or C173C173/C173M.4.5 Steel ReinforcementSteel reinforcement shall c
28、onform to Specification A1064A1064/A1064M; Specifications A416/A416M and A421/A421M for prestressed wirestrand and strand;wire; or Specification A184/A184M, A615/A615M, orA706/A706M for bars.5. Design Requirements5.1 Design MethodThe method of structural design of reinforced concrete as outlined in
29、the ACI 318 Building Code shall beused to design the concrete sections, including the reinforcement required, when the structure is subjected to the loading conditionscovered in Practice C890. Design requirements in excess of these specifications shall be identified by the purchaser.3 Available from
30、 American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094, http:/www.aci-int.org.4 Available from Standardization Documents, Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094. Attn: NPODS.C913 1825.1.1 Alternative Method to DesignAn alternative me
31、thod to the design of a structure is acceptable, with the permission ofthe purchaser, by performing required performance tests on the completed structure to confirm adequate strength.5.2 Access OpeningsThe structural design shall take into consideration the number, placement, and size of access open
32、ings.5.3 FloorsThe minimum floor thickness resulting from slope shall be considered as nominal floor thickness in the structure.5.4 Knockouts and SumpsKnockouts and sumps shall be designed to carry the loads imposed upon them. The basic structureshall be designed to carry all imposed loads with knoc
33、kouts removed.5.5 Placement of ReinforcementThe minimum concrete cover for reinforcing bars, mats, or fabric shall not be less than 1 in.(25 mm) for water retaining structures and 34 in. (19 mm) for other structures subject to the provisions of Section 7.5.6 Concrete StrengthThe minimum compressive
34、strength (fc) for design shall be 4000 psi (28 MPa) at 28 days of age.5.7 JointsWhere required, sealed joints in sectional precast concrete structures shall be of such a design to preventunacceptable leakage when used with a sealant (Note 3) approved by the purchaser and acceptable to the manufactur
35、er. The criteriafor unacceptable leakage will be determined by the purchasers specifications. Where potable water is involved, caution advisesselecting a sealant that will not contaminate the water for its intended purposes.NOTE 3Refer to Specification C990 or Federal Specification SS-S-210A for gui
36、dance.5.8 Lifting DevicesDesign of embedded lifting devices shall conform to requirements as specified in 8.4 under SpecialLoading Considerations of Practice C890.6. Manufacture6.1 MixtureThe aggregates, cement, and water shall be proportioned and mixed to produce a homogeneous concrete meetingthe r
37、equirements of this specification, and in accordance with Specification C94/C94M or C685/C685M.6.2 FormsThe forms used in manufacture shall be sufficiently rigid and accurate to maintain the dimensions of the structurewithin the tolerances given in Section 7. All casting surfaces shall be of smooth
38、nonporous material. Form releasing agents usedshall not be injurious to the concrete.6.3 ReinforcementReinforcement must be securely tied or welded (as allowed by the design) in place to maintain positionduring concrete placing operations. Where specified all chairs, bolsters, braces, and spacers in
39、 contact with forms shall have acorrosion-resistant surface.6.3.1 Flexural reinforcing steel shall not exceed spacing of 12 in. (30.5 cm) center to center.6.4 Concrete PlacementConcrete shall be placed in the forms at a rate such that the concrete is plastic at all times andconsolidates in all parts
40、 of the form and around all reinforcement steel and embedded fixtures without segregation of materials.6.5 CuringThe precast concrete sections shall be cured by any method or combination of methods that will develop thespecified compressive strength at 28 days or less.6.6 Concrete QualityThe quality
41、 of the concrete shall be in accordance with the chapter on concrete quality of ACI 318,current edition, except for frequency of tests, which shall be specified by the purchaser. Concrete strength tests shall be conductedin accordance with Test Method C39/C39M.6.6.1 Water-Cementitious RatioConcrete
42、that will be exposed to freezing and thawing shall contain entrained air and shallhave water-cementitious ratios of 0.45 or less. Concrete that will not be exposed to freezing but that is required to be watertightshall have a water-cementitious ratio of 0.48 or less if the concrete is exposed to fre
43、sh water. For corrosion protection, reinforcedconcrete exposed to deicer salts, brackish water, or seawater shall have water-cementitious ratio of 0.40 or less.7. Tolerances7.1 Dimensional TolerancesThe length, width, height, or diameter measurements of the structure when measured on the insidesurfa
44、ce shall not deviate from the design dimensions more than the following:Dimension Tolerance0 to 5 ft (0 to 1.5 m) 14 in. (6 mm)5 to 10 ft (1.5 to 3.0 m) 38 in. (10 mm)10 to 20 ft (3.0 to 6.1 m) 12 in. (13 mm)20 ft (6.1 m) and over as agreed upon betweenmanufacturer and purchaser7.2 Squareness Tolera
45、nceThe inside of the rectangular precast concrete component shall be square as determined by diagonalmeasurements. The difference between such measurements shall not exceed:Measured Length Allowable Difference0 to 10 ft (0 to 3.0 m) 12 in. (13 mm)10 to 20 ft (3.0 to 6.1 m) 34 in. (19 mm)20 ft (6.1 m
46、) and over as agreed upon betweenmanufacturer and purchaser7.3 Joint SurfacesThe following joint tolerances for water retaining structures shall apply:C913 1837.3.1 Flexible JointThe inside joint seam gap between two sections placed together before a joint sealant is applied shall notexceed 38 in. (
47、10 mm).7.3.2 Grout or Mortar JointThe opening to be grouted in a grout or mortar joint shall not exceed 1 in. (25 mm).7.4 Reinforcement LocationWith reference to thickness of wall or slab, reinforcement shall be within 614 in. (6 mm) of thedesign location, but in no case shall the cover be less than
48、 1 in. (25 mm) for water-retaining structures and 34 in. (19 mm) fornonwater-retaining non-water retaining structures. The varationsvariations in reinforcement spacing shall not be more than onetenth of the designed bar spacing nor exceed 112 in. (38 mm). The total number of bars shall not be less t
49、han that computed usingthe design spacing.7.5 Slab and Wall ThicknessThe slab and wall thickness shall be uniform and shall not be less than that shown in the designby more than 5 % or 38 in. (10 mm), whichever is greater. A thickness greater than that required in the design shall not be a causefor rejection.8. Repairs8.1 Repairs shall be performed by the manufacturer in a manner to ensure that the repaired structure will conform to therequirements of this specification.9. Rejection9.1 Precast concrete structures or sectio
