1、Designation: D5156 02 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Methods forContinuous Measurement of Ozone in Ambient, Workplace,and Indoor Atmospheres (Ultraviolet Absorption)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5156; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigi
2、nal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method describes the sampling and continuousanalysis o
3、f ozone (O3) in the atmosphere at concentrationsranging from 10 to 2000 g/m3of O3in air (5 ppb(v) to 1ppm(v).1.1.1 The test method is limited to applications by itssensitivity to interferences as described in Section 6. Theinterference sensitivities may limit its use for ambient andworkplace atmosph
4、eres.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish
5、 appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresD1357 Practice for Planning the Sampling of the AmbientAtmosphereD1914 Practic
6、e for Conversion Units and Factors Relating toSampling and Analysis of AtmospheresD3249 Practice for General Ambient Air Analyzer Proce-duresD3631 Test Methods for Measuring Surface AtmosphericPressureD3670 Guide for Determination of Precision and Bias ofMethods of Committee D22D5011 Practices for C
7、alibration of Ozone Monitors UsingTransfer StandardsD5110 Practice for Calibration of Ozone Monitors andCertification of Ozone Transfer Standards Using Ultravio-let PhotometryIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Practice for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI) (the Modernized Metric System)2.2 Other Documents:E
8、PA-600/4-76-005 Quality Assurance Handbook for AirPollution Measurement Systems, Vol I, “Principles”3EPA-600/4-77-027a Quality Assurance Handbook for AirPollution Measurement Systems, Vol II, “Ambient AirSpecific Methods”33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,
9、 refer to Terminology D1356. An explanation of units,symbols, and conversion factors may be found in PracticeIEEE/ASTM SI-10.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 absolute ultraviolet photometera photometer whosedesign, construction, and maintenance is such that it canmeasure the
10、absorbance caused by O3mixtures without refer-ence to external absorption standards. Given a value for theabsorption coefficient of O3at 253.7 nm and a reading from theabsolute ultraviolet photometer, O3concentrations can becalculated with accuracy.An absolute ultraviolet photometer isused only on p
11、repared O3mixtures free from interferences, asin calibration activity.3.2.2 primary standarda standard directly defined andestablished by some authority, against which all secondarystandards are compared.3.2.3 secondary standarda standard used as a means ofcomparison, but checked against a primary s
12、tandard.3.2.4 standardan accepted reference sample or deviceused for establishing the measurement of a physical quantity.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on AirQuality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on AmbientAtmospheres and Source Emissio
13、ns.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originallyapproved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5156 02 (2008).DOI: 10.1520/D5156-02R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. F
14、or Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5301 ShawneeRd., Alexandria, VA 22312, http:/www.ntis.gov.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C70
15、0, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.5 transfer standarda type of secondary standard; it isa transportable device or apparatus that, together with opera-tional procedures, is capable of reproducing pollutant concen-trations or producing acceptable assays of pollutant concentra-tion
16、s.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method is based on the absorption of ultravioletradiation at 253.7-nm wavelength by O3and the use of anozone-specific scrubber to generate a reference air stream withonly O3scrubbed from it. A single-cell ultraviolet absorptionphotometer is used, with the cel
17、l filled alternately with ambientand O3-scrubbed ambient air. The absorption to be measured atthe lower part of the operating range is extremely small.Special precautions and designs must be used to obtainaccurate results.4.2 The absorption of radiation at 253.7 nm by O3at verylow concentrations fol
18、lows the Beer-Lambert Law. Namely, fora cell of length d, assuming a constant input ultravioletintensity, the ratio of the emerging intensities for the cell filledwith sample air, Is, and with O3-scrubbed air, Io, is:IsIo5 e2cad!(1)where:c = the concentration of O3, ppm (v),d = the length of the cel
19、l, cm, anda = the absorption coefficient of O3per length unit of d andper concentration unit of c.4.3 When (cad) is 100 252,5-dimethystyrene 147 10Benzaldehyde 1, 5 10, 25o-Cresol 19, 12 10, 252-Methyl-4 nitrophenol 139 132-Nitrotoluene 78 10Pyruvic acid 05 25Bio-mass combustion products + 26, 29Nap
20、hthalene 116 132,4dimethylphenol 18 13Elemental Mercury 10 000100 000 27, 28, 29PM0.55.0+30AHudgens et al. (10) tested scrubbing absorption efficiencies at 10 to 20 ppb(v)levels of potential interferences. Grosjean and Harrison (25) used 0.1 to 1 ppm(v)concentrations of potential interferences.BIn G
21、rosjean and Harrison (25), no response was reported for up to 1 ppm of thefollowing compounds: toluene, peroxy acetyl nitrate, biacetyl, peroxybenzoylnitrate, methyl nitrate, n-propyl nitrate, n-butyl nitrate, methanethiol, methyl sulfide,or ethyl sulfide. Huggens et al. (10) report no response to b
22、enzene, toluene, oro,m,p-xylene at 10 to 20 ppb(v). Kleindienst et al. (11) however, report a 10 %response to toluene. Kleindienst et al. (13) report no response to1,2,4-trimethylbenzene.D5156 02 (2016)6(12) Leston, A., and Ollison, W., “Estimated Accuracy of Ozone DesignValues. Are They Compromised
23、 by Method Interferences?” Tropo-spheric Ozone Nonattainment and Design Value Issues, TR-23, Airand Waste ManagementAssociation, Pittsburgh, PA, October 2730,1992, p. 451.(13) Kleindienst, T. E., McIver, C. D., and Ollison, W. M., “A Study ofInterferences inAmbient Ozone Monitors,” VIP-74, Measurement ofToxic and Related Air Pollutants, Air or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 02 (2016)7
