1、Designation: D 5249 95 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Specification forBacker Material for Use with Cold- and Hot-Applied JointSealants in Portland-Cement Concrete and Asphalt Joints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5249; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
2、 year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers backer material for cold
3、- andhot-applied joint sealant for use in portland-cement concrete orasphalt-pavement joints.1.2 This specification establishes basic requirements forsealant-backer material either in rod or strip form, that canwithstand the temperature of hot- or cold-applied sealantswithout excessive deformation.1
4、.3 Sealant backer material serves one or more of thefollowing purposes:1.3.1 Limits the amount and depth of sealant applied to ajoint,1.3.2 Acts as a barrier interface to prevent backside adhe-sion (bondbreaker), and1.3.3 Provides a form to assist the sealant in developing ashape factor.1.4 The valu
5、es stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values in parentheses are for informationpurposes only.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods described in this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, i
6、f any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Sta
7、tementsfor Test Methods for Construction MaterialsC 1016 Test Method for Determination of WaterAbsorptionof Sealant Backing (Joint Filler) MaterialC 1253 Test Method for Determining the Outgassing Poten-tial of Sealant BackingD 545 Test Methods for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillersfor Concrete Const
8、ruction (Nonextruding and ResilientTypes)D 1622 Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid CellularPlasticsD 1623 Test Method for Tensile and Tensile AdhesionProperties of Rigid Cellular PlasticsD 5535 Terminology Relating to Formed-in-Place Sealantsfor Joints and Cracks in PavementsE1 Specification
9、for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers3. Terminology3.1 For definitions, refer to Terminology D 5535.4. Classification4.1 Sealant backer material is available in three types:4.1.1 Type 1, shall be round rods of various diametersintended for use with cold- and hot-applied sealants.4.1.2 Type 2, shall
10、be sheets or strips of various thicknesses,laminated or skived by the manufacturer but capable of beingfield laminated and used with cold- and hot-applied sealants.4.1.3 Type 3, shall be round rods of various diameterslimited for use with cold-applied sealants.4.2 Type 1 and Type 3 rod materials are
11、 intended for useprimarily where there is a reservoir, either already existing orformed, such as a contraction joint, where the rod will limit thesealant depth and prevent the sealant from bonding to thebottom of the joint reservoir (bond-breaker) thus eliminatingbottom-side adhesion.4.3 Type 2 stri
12、p material is intended primarily for use wherethere is an opening the full depth of the pavement, such as anexpansion joint for which it is desirable to have a filler material1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibil
13、ity of Subcommittee D04.33 onFormed-In-Place Sealants for Joints and Cracks in Pavements.Current edition approved June 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 5249 95 (2000).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm
14、.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United Spletely fill the
15、 opening and prevent or minimize theaccumulation of water or incompressible materials below thesealant.5. Ordering Information5.1 Types 1, 2, and 3 backer material are available in a rangeof sizes, lengths, and diameters; they are available on reels, incoils, or in straight lengths. Consult the manu
16、facturer forinformation on how to order.5.2 Backer material must be ordered by diameter or size inrelation to the joint opening, usually 25 to 35 % larger than thejoint width.6. Materials6.1 Sealant backer material shall be easily compressed andinstalled in the joint reservoir. This material shall b
17、e heatresistant when used with hot-applied sealants.7. Physical Properties7.1 Physical properties of the sealant backer material shallconform to the requirements of Table 1.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 The product shall be clean, free of scale or foreignmatter, oil, or water which could
18、 wipe off on a joint sidewalland interfere with the proper cure or adhesion of the sealant.9. Test Methods9.1 Water Absorption Tests for water absorption of theTypes 1 and 3 backing material shall be made in accordancewith Test Method C 1016, Procedure B. Type 2 material shallbe tested in accordance
19、 with Test Method D 545.9.1.1 For Type 2 material:WA 5W 3 100262t(1)where:WA = water absorption by volume, %,W = weight of water absorbed, from tests made accordingto Test Methods D 545,g,andt = thickness of 4 in. by 4 in. specimen, inches.9.1.2 For the purposes of this calculation,1gofwateroccupies
20、 0.061 in.3at test conditions.9.2 DensityTests for density of Types 1 and 3 materialsshall be made in accordance with Test Method D 1622. Testsfor density of Type 2 material shall be made in accordance withTest Methods D 545.9.3 Tensile Strength Tests for tensile strength of Types 1and 3 materials s
21、hall be made in accordance with Test MethodD 1623.9.4 Compression Deflection and RecoveryType 2 materialshall be tested in accordance with Test Methods D 545. Type 1and 3 materials shall be tested in accordance with the followingprocedure.9.4.1 Significance and UseThis test method covers aprocedure
22、for measuring the force necessary to compress thebacker material, and the percentage recovery of originaldimensions after removal of the compression load.9.4.2 Apparatus:9.4.2.1 An apparatus shall be provided having a flat com-pression plate larger than the specimen to be tested, connectedto a force
23、 measuring device, and mounted in such a mannerthat the specimen can be deflected (compressed) at a speed of0.5 to 2 in./min. The apparatus shall be arranged to support thespecimen on a level horizontal plate. The apparatus shall becapable of measuring the distance between the movable plateand the s
24、tationary plate.9.4.2.2 Calipers, capable of measuring 0.001 in.39.4.3 Test Specimens:9.4.3.1 Test specimens shall be 6 6 0.125 in. lengths of thebacker material.9.4.3.2 Each test requires a minimum effective area of 3.0in.2When the effective area of a single length is less than 3 in.2,multiple leng
25、ths shall be used in a single test. When rod-shapedbacker material is less than34 in. in diameter, multiple lengthsare required for each test (see Table 2).9.4.4 Number of Test SpecimensTest three specimens foreach sample. The values reported shall be the mean of thoseobserved.9.4.5 Procedure:9.4.5.
26、1 Place the test specimen in the center of the support-ing plate of the apparatus. Materials that are supplied in coilsoften have a tendency to curl. Place these samples between theplates in such a manner that the arc formed by the sample is inthe vertical plane.9.4.5.2 Bring the compression plate i
27、nto contact with thespecimen so that the entire length of the test specimen is incontact with both plates. No light should be visible anywherebetween the rod and the plate, except within12 in. of the endof the sample.3Brown and Sharp Model 579-1 or equivalent has been found suitable. If you areaware
28、 of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Interna-tional Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meetingof the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.TABLE 1 Physical Property RequirementsProperty Type 1 Type 2 Type 3Density, lb/ft3
29、(kg/m3), max 6 (96.1) 4 (64.1) 6 (96.1)Tensile strength, psi (kgf/cm2),min20 (1.41) N/A 20 (1.41)Water absorption, by volume,%, max0.5 0.5 0.525 % Compression deflectionforce, psi (kgf/cm2), max15 (1.06) 15 (1.06) 15 (1.06)Compression recovery, %, min 90 90 90Heat resistance, F 392 6 5 3926 5N/AC 20
30、0 6 2.8 200 6 2.8 N/AMaximum shrinkage, % 10 % 10 % N/ATABLE 2 Multiple Specimen Requirements for Rod-ShapedBacker Materials for Compression Recovery TestingRod DiameterSpecimens Required for EachTest34 in. or larger 138 to58 in. 238 in. 3D 5249 95 (2006)29.4.5.3 Measure the original diameter of the
31、 rod by measur-ing the separation of the plates of the apparatus with thecalipers. Compress the rod 25 6 0.5 % of this thickness at 0.5in./min. Record the reading of the load immediately.9.4.5.4 Hold the specimen at the specified deflection for 30s.9.4.5.5 Remove the load at a rate of 0.5 in./min. C
32、arefullyobserve the specimen during the last 10 % of plate travel. Stopplate when contact is not maintained with the specimens. Thismay be observed when, except within12 in. of the ends, lightis visible along the length of the rod. Immediately measure andrecord the loss in diameter.9.4.6 Calculation
33、:9.4.6.1 Calculate the 25 % compression deflection force,CD, per unit area of specimen, expressed in pounds force persquare inch (kilograms of force per centimeter square) asfollows:CD 5 F/A(2)where:F = force required to compress the specimen 25 % asmeasured in 9.4.5.3, lbf (kgf), andA = effective a
34、rea of specimen compression contact sur-face, in.2, (cm2).For rods:A 5 0.66 dl (3)where:d = diameter of rod, in. (cm), andl = length of the sample, in. (cm).9.4.6.2 Calculate the compression recovery, CR,asaper-centage of the original diameter of thickness as follows:CR 5 do5Dd!/do3 100 (4)where:do=
35、 original diameter, in. (cm), and,Dd= loss in diameter, in. (cm).9.4.7 Report:9.4.7.1 Report the average compression deflection for thethree specimens tested in pounds force per square inch (kilo-grams of force per square centimeter).9.4.7.2 Report the average compression recovery for thethree speci
36、mens tested in percent.9.4.8 Precision and BiasPrecision and bias statements arebeing prepared. They will be added to this specification whencompleted (see Practice C 670).9.5 Heat Resistance for Types 1 and 2 Backer Material:9.5.1 Significance and UseThis test method is used todetermine the heat re
37、sistance of backer material.9.5.2 Apparatus:9.5.2.1 Insulated Oil Bath, capable of maintaining a uni-form and homogeneous temperature of 3926 9F. Any com-mercial deep-fryer is sufficient.9.5.2.2 Thermometer, having a range from 170 to 500F (77to 260C) and conforming to the requirements of Specificat
38、ionE1. (For example, ASTM 11C Thermometer or ASTM 11FThermometer.)9.5.2.3 Drainage Pan or Absorbent Towel.9.5.2.4 Stop Watch or Timer, that reads out in seconds.9.5.2.5 Silicone Fluid,4100 cSt viscosity, or equivalent.9.5.2.6 Calipers, capable of measuring 0.001 in.9.5.2.7 Rule, capable of measuring
39、 0.01 in. (1 mm).9.5.3 Test Specimens:9.5.3.1 Test specimens of the rod material shall be cut 10 to12 in. long. (Types 1 and 3.)9.5.3.2 Test specimens of the slab or sheet material shall becut4by4in.6116 (102 by 102 mm) (Type 2).9.5.4 Procedure:9.5.4.1 Measure the original diameter of the rod with t
40、hecalipers. Measure the thickness of the slab or sheet with theruler.9.5.4.2 Fill insulated oil bath to a minimum depth of 3 in.with silicone fluid.4Heat fluid to 392 6 5F.9.5.4.3 Holding the specimen vertically over the oil bath,immerse approximately 2 in. of the specimen in the hot oil.9.5.4.4 Beg
41、in the dwell-time count upon immersion andleave the specimen immersed for the period of time designatedin Table 3.9.5.4.5 Remove the specimen at the end of the dwell-timeperiod and allow it to cool in the drain pan or on absorbenttowels for 1 min.9.5.4.6 Measure the diameter of the rod or thickness
42、of theslab after immersion. Record the change in dimensions.9.5.4.7 Calculate the percent shrinkage as follows:S 5t 2 t1t3 100 (5)where:t = original diameter or thickness of specimen, andt1= diameter or thickness after immersion.9.5.4.8 The specimen is sufficiently heat resistant if theshrinkage is
43、less than 10 % of the original diameter or originalthickness.9.5.5 Precision and BiasPrecision and bias statements arebeing prepared. They will be added to this specification whenthey are completed.10. Rejection10.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthis specification shall be rej
44、ected. Rejection shall be reportedto the manufacturer or supplier promptly and in writing. In the4Dow Corning 200 has been found suitable. If you are aware of alternativesuppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at
45、a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee,1which you may attend.TABLE 3 Specimen Dwell TimeSpecimen Diameter or Thickness Dwell Time, sLess than316 in. 2Equal to or greater than316 to less than716 in. 3Equal to or greater than716 to less than1516 in. 5Equal to or greater than1516 to less than
46、118 in. 8Equal to or greater than 118 to less than 138 in. 10Equal to or greater than 138 to less than 134 in. 15Equal to or greater than 134 in. 20D 5249 95 (2006)3case of dissatisfaction with the test results, the manufacturer orsupplier may request retesting.11. Package Marking11.1 Packages shall
47、 be marked with the following informa-tion:11.1.1 Name, brand, or trademark of the manufacturer,11.1.2 Quantity and size,11.1.3 ASTM designation, and11.1.4 Any other information that the manufacturer re-quires.APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. PRECAUTIONS ON USE AND APPLICATIONX1.1 Some of the c
48、onditions that have been identified toinfluence bubble formation in the sealant include a combina-tion of high moisture content in the concrete and highpavement surface temperatures, damaged or melted backermaterial, or air entrapment due to application equipmentmalfunctions.X1.2 The use of a back-u
49、p material or bond breaker in thebottom of the joint covered by this specification is recom-mended to control the depth of sealant and achieve the desiredshape factor, and to support the sealant against identation andsag. Back-up materials and bond breakers should be compat-ible with the material. Due to the elevated temperatures ofapplication of material, care should be exercised in the selec-tion of suitable back-up materials.X1.3 Pavement joints should be dry, clean of all scale, dirt,dust, curing compound, and other foreign matter. T
