1、Designation: D7450 08D7450 13Standard Specification forPerformance of Rear Axle Gear Lubricants Intended for APICategory GL-5 Service1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7450; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This specification covers test methods and acceptance criteria for determining the accept
3、ability of gear oils for applicationswhichthat specify a lubricant meeting the performance requirements of API Category GL-5 service. Lubricants whichthat meetthese performance requirements are typically intended for use in automotive axles, particularly those containing hypoid gears,operating under
4、 various combinations of high-speed/shock-load and low-speed/high-torque conditions.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard
5、.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Do
6、cuments2.1 ASTM Standards:2D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating OilsD5704 Test Method for Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmission
7、sand Final Drive AxlesD6121 Test Method for Evaluation of Load-Carrying Capacity of Lubricants Under Conditions of Low Speed and High TorqueUsed for Final Hypoid Drive AxlesD7038 Test Method for Evaluation of Moisture Corrosion Resistance of Automotive Gear LubricantsD7452 Test Method for Evaluation
8、 of the Load Carrying Properties of Lubricants Used for Final DriveAxles, Under Conditionsof High Speed and Shock Loading2.2 Military Standards:3MIL-L-2105C Lubricating Oil, Gear, MultipurposeMIL-L-2105D Lubricating Oil, Gear, MultipurposeMIL-PRF-2105E Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose2.3 ASTM Tes
9、t Monitoring Center Documents:4L-42 Test Procedure2.3 SAE Documents:4J306 Automotive Gear Lubricant Viscosity ClassificationJ2360 Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (Metric) Military Use3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Pr
10、oducts and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0 onAutomotive Lubricants.Current edition approved May 1, 2008May 1, 2013. Published June 2008May 2013. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D7450 08DOI: 10.1520/D7450-08.10.1520/D7450-13.2
11、For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP,
12、Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.4 Available from ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 152064489, Attn: Administrator.4 Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 1509
13、6-0001, http:/www.sae.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends th
14、at users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
15、Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.1 ridging, non ring and pinion gears, an alteration of the tooth surface to give a series of parallel raised and polishedridges running diagonally in the direction of sliding motion, either partially or completely across the tooth surfaces of gears. D61
16、213.1.2 rippling, non ring and pinion gears, an alteration of the tooth surface to give an appearance of a more or less regularpattern resembling ripples on water or fish scales. D61213.1.3 pitting, non ring and pinion gears, small irregular cavities in the tooth surface, resulting from the breaking
17、 out of smallareas of surface metal. D61213.1.4 spalling, non ring and pinion gears, the breaking out of flakes of irregular area of the tooth surface, a condition moreextensive than pitting. D61213.1.5 scoring, non ring and pinion gears, the rapid removal of metal from the tooth surfaces caused by
18、the tearing out of smallcontacting particles that have welded together as a result of metal-to-metal contact. The scored surface is characterized by a matteor dull finish. D61213.1.6 wear, non ring and pinion gears, the removal of metal, without evidence of surface fatigue or adhesive wear, resultin
19、gin partial or complete elimination of tool or grinding marks or development of a discernible shoulder ridge at the bottom of thecontact area near the root or at the toe or heel end of pinion tooth contact area (abrasive wear). D61213.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 lubrited,
20、adjhaving its surface coated with phosphate.4. Performance Classification4.1 API Category GL-5The designation API Category GL-5 is designed to identify the category of lubricants intended forgears, particularly those in automotive axles equipped with hypoid gears, operating under various combination
21、 of high-speed/TABLE 1 API Category GL-5 Tests and Acceptance CriteriaCOLSPEC/colnum=“3“ colname=“COLSPEC1“ align=“center“Test Item Minimum MaximumTest Item Minimum MaximumL-42A,B .Equal to or better (lower) thanthe mean scoring value of thepassing reference oil test resultsused to calibrate the sta
22、ndTest Method D7452 (formerly L-42)A,B .Equal to or betterthe mean scoringpassing referenceused to calibrate%Scoring, PinionDrive SideCoast Side%Scoring, RingDrive SideCoast SideTest Method D6121 (formerly L-37) using non-lubritedhardwareB,CRidging, ASTM merit rating 8 .Rippling, ASTM merit rating 8
23、 .Wear, ASTM merit rating 5 .Pitting/Spalling, ASTM merit rating 9.3 .Scoring, ASTM merit rating 10 .Test Method D7038 (formerly L-33-1)DFinal rust merit rating 9.0Test Method D5704E (formerly L-60-1) or L-60Viscosity Increase, percent 100Pentane Insolubles, wt percent 3.0Toluene Insolubles, wt perc
24、ent 2.0Test Method D892, tendencySequence I, mL . 20Sequence II, mL . 50Sequence III, mL . 20Test Method D130FASTM rating . 3A The latest version of this test can be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center. The Canadian version of the L-42 testTest Method D7452 follows the procedureof the L-42
25、 testTest Method D7452 with the modifications detailed in Annex A1, Table A1.1 of the L-42Test Method D7452test procedureB This test may be conducted under two different sets of operating conditions, commonly referred to as Standard and Canadian. The test conditions to be used aredependant upon the
26、viscosity grade of the lubricant under evaluation. Please see A2.2 and Table A2.1 for details as to which version of this test should be used in theevaluation of a specific lubricant.C The Canadian version of the Test Method D6121 test follows the procedure of the Test Method D6121 test with the mod
27、ifications detailed in Test Method D6121,AnnexA6.2, Table A6.1.D Candidate fluids tested previous to the development of the Test Method D7038 procedure using the L-33 test procedure with a cover plate merit rating of a minimumof 8 and a merit rating for all other areas of a minimum of 10 are conside
28、red acceptable results against the performance requirements of this Specification.E Carbon or Varnish and Sludge ratings are reported in Test Method D5704 but are not an acceptance criterion for API Category GL-5.F Tested for 3 h at 250F (121C).D7450 132shock-load and low-speed/high-torque condition
29、s. Approved lubricants under the SAE J2360 Standard, the MIL-L-2105CSpecification, the MIL-L-2105D Specification, and the MIL-PRF-2105E Specification satisfy the requirements of API CategoryGL-5. Note that these standards and specifications contain performance requirements that exceed those of API C
30、ategory GL-5.5. Performance Requirements5.1 API Category GL-5 performance requirements for candidate gear lubricants using the most current test methods andprocedures are provided in Table 1.6. Keywords6.1 axle lubricants; gear lubricants; high-speed/shock-load; hypoid gear lubricants; hypoid gears;
31、 low-speed/high-torqueANNEXES(Mandatory Information)A1. USE OF CALIBRATED TEST STANDS FOR API CATEGORY GL-5 PERFORMANCE EVALUATIONA1.1 The latest versions of the Test Methods D5704, D6121, D7038, and theD7452 L-42 test procedure require test standcalibration by the ASTM TMC. The use of calibrated te
32、st stands is required for evaluation of a lubricant against the performancerequirements of this specification.A2. AUTOMOTIVE GEAR LUBRICANT VISCOSITYA2.1 The SAE J306 Standard describes the system of viscosity classifications used for automotive gear lubricants.A2.2 The Test MethodMethods D6121 and
33、L-42D7452 tests procedure may be conducted under two different sets of operatingconditions commonly referred to as Standard and Canadian. The test conditions to be used are dependent upon the viscosity gradeof the lubricant under evaluation. Table A2.1 lists the API Category GL-5 testing requirement
34、s for candidate gear lubricants,according to their viscosity grade.APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)TABLE A2.1 API Category GL-5 Testing Requirements According to the Viscosity Grade of the Candidate Gear Lubricantcolwidth=“3.05in“/COLSPECTest Item SAE 70Wor through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).5 STP 512A, Laboratory Performance Tests for Automotive Gear Lubriants Intended for API GL-5 Service, ASTM International, W. Conshohocken, PA, 1986.D7450 134
