1、Designation: D7496 11Standard Test Method forViscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by Saybolt FurolViscometer1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7496; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last rev
2、ision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method utilizes the Saybolt Furol viscometer tomeasure the consistency of emulsified asphalt. It is applicableto all
3、 the emulsified asphalts specified in Specifications D977and D2397.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It
4、 is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D88 Test Method for Saybolt ViscosityD244 Test Methods and Practices for Emulsif
5、ied AsphaltsD977 Specification for Emulsified AsphaltD2397 Specification for Cationic Emulsified AsphaltE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3. Significance and Use3.1 Viscosity has significance in the use of emulsified
6、asphalt because it is a property which affects their utility. Whenused in application types of construction, the material must bethin enough to be uniformly applied through the spray bar ofdistributor, yet thick enough so that it will not flow from thecrown or grade of the road. For mixing grade emu
7、lsions, theviscosity may affect mixibility and resulting thickness of filmon the aggregate. The viscosity of many emulsions is affectedby shear. Therefore, strict adherence to test procedure isnecessary to achieve precision.4. Sample Conditioning for Testing4.1 All emulsified asphalts shall be prope
8、rly stirred toachieve homogeneity before testing.4.2 All emulsified asphalts with the viscosity testing re-quirements of 50C shall be heated to 50 6 3C in the originalsample container in a water bath or oven. The container shouldbe vented to relieve pressure. After the sample reaches 50 63C, stir th
9、e sample to achieve homogeneity.4.3 Emulsified asphalts with a viscosity testing require-ments to 25C should be mixed or stirred at 25 6 3C in theoriginal sample container to achieve homogeneity.NOTE 1Emulsified asphalts with viscosity testing requirements of25C may be heated and stirred as specifie
10、d in 4.2, if necessary. In theevent the 4.2 method is used, the sample should be cooled to 25 6 3Cbefore testing.5. Apparatus5.1 ViscometerA Saybolt Furol viscometer conforming tothe requirements specified in Test Method D88.5.2 SieveA850-m sieve or a 20-mesh strainer of wirecloth, framed or unframe
11、d. Refer to Specification E11.5.3 ThermometersASTM No. 17C or 17F for tests at25C (77F) and ASTM No. 19C or 19F for tests at 50C(122F), conforming to the requirements of Specification E1,or any other thermometric device of equal accuracy.5.4 Water Bath or Oven, capable of maintaining the requiredtes
12、ting temperature within the limits specified in Table 2 ofTest Method D88.5.5 Receiving Flask, as shown in Test Method D88.6. Hazards6.1 WarningMercury has been designated by EPA andmany state agencies as a hazardous material that can causecentral nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
13、its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive tomaterials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury andmercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPAs website(www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information.1This test
14、 method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.42 onEmulsified Asphalt Test.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published January 2012. Originallypublished 2009 as D749609. DOI: 10.1520/D7496-11.2For referen
15、ced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West C
16、onshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercurycontaining products (or both) into your state may be prohibitedby state law.7. Procedure7.1 Tests at 25C (77F)Clean and dry the viscometer andinsert the stopper or cork. Follow either Procedure A or Bbelow
17、:7.1.1 Procedure APour approximately 100 mL of theemulsified asphalt into a 400 mL glass beaker. Immerse bottomof the beaker containing the emulsified asphalt approximately50 mm (2 in.) below the level of a 25C (77F) water bath.Hold the beaker upright and stir the emulsified asphalt with awide circu
18、lar motion at a rate of 60 revolutions per minute withthe thermometric device to obtain uniform temperature distri-bution. Avoid incorporation of bubbles. Pour the sample intothe viscometer through the 850-m sieve or 20-mesh straineruntil it is above the overflow rim. Stir the emulsified asphalt int
19、he viscometer with the thermometric device, avoiding bubbleformation. Adjust the viscometer bath temperature until theemulsified asphalt temperature remains constant for 1 minute at25 6 0.1C (77 6 0.2F). Withdraw the thermometric device.Quickly remove the excess emulsified asphalt from the gallerywi
20、th a suction pipet or a vacuum hose. Determine the viscosityas described in Test Method D88. Report the results to thenearest full second.7.1.2 Procedure BPour the sample of emulsified asphaltinto an appropriately sized (approximately 120 mL) bottle.Place the sealed bottle into a water bath maintain
21、ed at 25C(77F) for 30 minutes. Remove the bottle from the bath andmix the sample by inverting the bottle several times slowlyenough to avoid bubble formation. Pour the sample into theviscometer through the 850-mm sieve or 20-mesh strainer untilit is above the overflow rim. Stir the emulsified asphal
22、t in theviscometer with the thermometric device, avoiding bubbleformation. Adjust the viscometer bath temperature until theemulsified asphalt temperature remains constant for 1 minute at25 6 0.1C (77 6 0.2F). Withdraw the thermometric device.Quickly remove the excess emulsified asphalt from the gall
23、erywith a suction pipet or a vacuum hose. Determine the viscosityas described in Test Method D88. Report the results to thenearest full second.7.2 Tests at 50C (122F)Clean and dry the viscometerand insert the stopper or cork. Follow either Procedure A or Bbelow:7.2.1 Procedure AIf the sample of emul
24、sified asphalt iscooler than 50C (122F), heat the sample to 50 6 3C (122 65F) in a 71 6 3C (160 6 5F) water bath or oven. Stir thesample thoroughly without incorporating bubbles, and thenpour approximately 100 mL into a 400-mL glass beaker.Immerse the bottom of the beaker containing the emulsifiedas
25、phalt approximately 50 mm (2 in.) below the level of a 71 63C (160 6 5F) water bath. Hold the beaker upright and stirthe emulsified asphalt with a wide circular motion at a rate of60 revolutions per minute with the thermometric device toobtain uniform temperature distribution. Avoid incorporationof
26、bubbles. Heat the emulsified asphalt in the water bath to 51.46 0.3C (124.5 6 0.5F). Immediately pour the emulsifiedasphalt through the 850-m sieve or 20-mesh strainer into theviscometer until it is above the overflow rim. Stir the emulsi-fied asphalt in the viscometer at 60 revolutions per minute w
27、iththe thermometric device, avoiding bubble formation. Adjustthe bath temperature until the emulsified asphalt temperatureremains constant for 1 minute at 50 6 0.1C (122 6 0.2F).Withdraw the thermometric device. Quickly remove the excessemulsified asphalt from the gallery with a suction pipet or ava
28、cuum hose. Determine the viscosity as described in TestMethod D88. Report the results to the nearest full second.7.2.2 Procedure BPour the sample of emulsified asphaltinto an appropriately sized (approximately 120 mL) bottle.Place the sealed bottle into a water bath or oven maintained at51.4 6 0.3C
29、(124.5 6 0.5F) for 30 minutes. Remove thebottle from the bath or oven and mix the sample by invertingthe bottle several times slowly enough to avoid bubble forma-tion. Pour the sample into the viscometer through the 850-mmsieve or 20-mesh strainer until it is above the overflow rim. Stirthe emulsifi
30、ed asphalt in the viscometer at 60 revolutions perminute with the thermometric device, avoiding bubble forma-tion. Adjust the bath temperature until the emulsified asphalttemperature remains constant for 1 minute at 50 6 0.1C (1226 0.2F). Withdraw the thermometric device. Quickly removethe excess em
31、ulsified asphalt from the gallery with a suctionpipet or a vacuum hose. Determine the viscosity as described inTest Method D88. Report the results to the nearest full second.NOTE 2While the Saybolt Furol viscometer is not used for petroleumproducts and lubricants when the time of flow is less than 2
32、5 s, thisinstrument is satisfactory for testing emulsified asphalt when the time offlow is not less than 20 s.8. Precision and Bias8.1 The following criteria should be used for judging theacceptability of results (95 % probability).38.1.1 Duplicate results by the same operator should not beconsidere
33、d suspect unless they differ by more that the follow-ing amount:Test TemperatureC (F)ViscositysRepeatability% of the mean25 (77) 25 to 200 6.750 (122) 75 to 400 10.88.1.2 The results submitted by each of two laboratoriesshould not be considered suspect unless they differ by morethan the following am
34、ount:Test TemperatureC (F)ViscositysReproducibility% of the mean25 (77) 25 to 200 2250 (122) 75 to 400 889. Keywords9.1 asphalt; emulsified asphalt; emulsion; furol; saybolt;viscosity3Research Report RR:D04-1035 and RR:D04-1036 presents the results of theInterlaboratory Study used to establish the p
35、recision and bias statement for ASTMD7496, Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by Saybolt FurolViscometer. The collaborative study included respectively 14 labs and 17 labs whoused method D7496 to analyze the viscosity of several types of emulsified asphaltof varying viscosity l
36、evels, including three different standards. The research reportpresents summary method performance statistics as well as the measurement dataused to calculate results for the study.D7496 112ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with
37、any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technic
38、al committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration
39、 at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbo
40、r Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D7496 113
