1、Designation: D7589 15aD7589 16Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on FuelEconomy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks inSequence VID Spark Ignition Engine1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7589; the number immediately following the designa
2、tion indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONPortions of this test method are
3、written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM TestMonitoring Center (TMC)3 services (see Annex A1).The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desireto produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories pre
4、viouslycalibrated by the TMC.In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such astheAmerican Chemistry Council require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services as part of their testregistration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute
5、 and the Gear Lubricant ReviewCommittee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use theTMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (andh
6、ence the Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of testseverity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may notbe the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.La
7、boratories that choose not to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for the measurement of the effects of automotive engine oils on the fueleconomy of passenger cars and light-duty trucks with gross vehicle weight 3856
8、kg or less. The tests are conducted using aspecified spark-ignition engine with a displacement of 3.6 L (General Motors)4 on a dynamometer test stand. It applies to multiviscosity grade oils used in these applications.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units o
9、f measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 ExceptionsWhere there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe threads/diameters,tubing size, and single source supply equipment specifications. Additionally, Brake Fuel Consumption (BSFC) is measured inkilograms per
10、 kilowatthour.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.4
11、 This test method is arranged as follows:Subject SectionIntroduction1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.10 on Standards Acceleration.Current edition approved Oct.
12、1, 2015April 1, 2016. Published November 2015April 2016. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2015 asD7589 15.D7589 15a. DOI:10.1520/D7589-15A.DOI:10.1520/D7589-16.2 The multi-cylinder engine test sequences were originally developed by an ASTM Committee D02 group. Subsequen
13、tly, the procedures were published in an ASTMspecial technical publication. The Sequence VIB was published as Research Report RR:D02-1469, dated April 8, 1999.3 The ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters. This edition includes all informat
14、ion letters through No.142.151. Information letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489, Attention: Administrator.4 Trademark of General Motors Corporation, 300 Renaissance Center, Detroit, MI 48265.This document is not an ASTM standard a
15、nd is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only
16、 the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Subject SectionScope 1
17、Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General 6.1Test Engine Configuration 6.2Laboratory Ambient Conditions 6.3Engine Speed and Torque Control 6.4Dynamometer 6.4.1Dynamometer Torque 6.4.2Engine Cooling System 6.5External Oil System 6.6Fuel System
18、 6.7Fuel Flow Measurement 6.7.2Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control to the FuelFlowmeter6.7.3Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control to Engine Fuel Rail 6.7.4Fuel Supply Pumps 6.7.5Fuel Filtering 6.7.6Engine Intake Air Supply 6.8Intake Air Humidity 6.8.1Intake Air Filtration 6.8.2Intake Air Pressure
19、Relief 6.8.3Temperature Measurement 6.9Thermocouple Location 6.9.5AFR Determination 6.10Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.11Exhaust Manifolds 6.11.1Laboratory Exhaust System 6.11.2Exhaust Back Pressure 6.11.3Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Locations 6.12Engine Oil 6.12.2Fuel to Fu
20、el Flowmeter 6.12.3Fuel to Engine Fuel Rail 6.12.4Exhaust Back Pressure 6.12.5Intake Air 6.12.6Intake Manifold Vacuum/Absolute Pressure 6.12.7Coolant Flow Differential Pressure 6.12.8Crankcase Pressure 6.12.9Engine Hardware and Related Apparatus 6.13Test Engine Configuration 6.13.1ECU (Power Control
21、 Module) 6.13.2Thermostat Block-Off Adapter Plate 6.13.3Wiring Harness 6.13.4Oil Pan 6.13.5Engine Water Pump Adapter Plate 6.13.6Thermostat Block-Off Plate 6.13.7Oil Filter Adapter Plate 6.13.8Modified Throttle Body Assembly 6.13.9Fuel Rail 6.13.10Miscellaneous Apparatus Related to Engine Operation
22、6.14Reagents and Materials 7Engine Oil 7.1Test Fuel 7.2Engine Coolant 7.3Cleaning Materials 7.4Preparation of Apparatus 8Test Stand Preparation 8.2Engine Preparation 9Cleaning of Engine Parts 9.3Engine Assembly Procedure 9.4General Assembly Instructions 9.4.1Bolt Torque Specifications 9.4.2Sealing C
23、ompounds 9.4.3Harmonic Balancer 9.4.5Thermostat 9.4.6Coolant Inlet 9.4.7Oil Filter Adapter 9.4.8Dipstick Tube 9.4.9Sensors, Switches, Valves, and Positioners 9.4.10Ignition System 9.4.11Fuel Injection System 9.4.12Intake Air System 9.4.13Engine Management System 9.4.14Accessory Drive Units 9.4.15D75
24、89 162Subject SectionExhaust Manifolds 9.4.16Engine Flywheel and Guards 9.4.17Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.4.18Engine Mounts 9.4.19Non-Phased Camshaft Gears 9.4.20Internal Coolant Orifice 9.4.21Calibration 10Stand/Engine Calibration 10.1Procedure 10.1.1Reporting of Reference Results 10.1.2Instrume
25、nt Calibration 10.2Engine Torque Measurement System 10.2.3Fuel Flow Measurement System 10.2.4Coolant Flow Measurement System 10.2.5Thermocouple and Temperature Measurement System 10.2.6Humidity Measurement System 10.2.7Other Instrumentation 10.2.8Test Procedure 11External Oil System 11.1Flush Effect
26、iveness Demonstration 11.2Preparation for Oil Charge 11.3Initial Engine Start-Up 11.4New Engine Break-In 11.5Oil Charge for Break-In 11.5.2Break-In Operating Conditions 11.5.3Standard Requirements for Break-In 11.5.4Routine Test Operation 11.6Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures 11.6.1Flying Flush Oil E
27、xchange Procedures 11.6.2Test Operating Stages 11.6.3Stabilization to Stage Conditions 11.6.4Stabilized BSFC Measurement Cycle 11.6.5BLB1 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Run 1 11.6.6BSFC Measurement of BLB1 Oil Before Test Oil 11.6.7BLB2 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Oil Run
28、2 11.6.8BSFC Measurement of BLB2 Oil Before Test Oil 11.6.9Percent Delta Calculation for BLB1 vs. BLB2 11.6.10Test Oil Flush Procedure 11.6.11Test Oil Aging, Phase I 11.6.12BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase I) Test Oil 11.6.13Test Oil Aging, Phase II 11.6.14BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase II) Test Oil
29、 11.6.15Oil Consumption and Sampling 11.6.16Flush Procedure for BL Oil (BLA) After Test Oil 11.6.17General Test Data Logging Forms 11.6.18Diagnostic Review Procedures 11.6.19Determination of Test Results 12Report 13Precision and Bias 14Keywords 15AnnexesASTM Test Monitoring Center: Organization Anne
30、x A1ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Calibration Procedures Annex A2ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activities Annex A3ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information Annex A4Detailed Specifications and Drawings of Apparatus Annex A5Oil Heater Cerrobase Refill Procedure Annex A6Engine Part Num
31、ber Listing Annex A7Safety Precautions Annex A8Report Format Annex A9Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviations Annex A10Oil Sump Full Level Determination ConsumptionMeasurement Calibration ProcedureAnnex A11Fuel Injector Evaluation Annex A12Pre-test Maintenance Checklist Annex A13Blow-b
32、y Ventilation System Requirements Annex A14Calculation of Test Results Annex A15Calculation of Unweighted Baseline Shift Annex A16NonPhased Cam Gear and Position Actuator InstallationProcedureAnnex A17AppendixProcurement of Test Materials Appendix X1D7589 1632. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards
33、:5D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric PressureD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb CalorimeterD323 Test Method for Va
34、por Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet EvaporationD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)D
35、1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in GasolineD3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption SpectroscopyD3338 T
36、est Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation FuelsD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and LubricantsD4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Ser
37、vice Category Engine OilsD5185 Test Method for Multielement Determination of Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils by InductivelyCoupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)D5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel
38、 Engine Fuel,and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet FluorescenceD6750 Test Methods for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine1K Procedure (0.4 % FuelSulfur) and 1N Procedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)D6837 Test Method for Measurement of Effects ofAutomotive Engine Oils on Fuel Eco
39、nomy of Passenger Cars and Light-DutyTrucks in Sequence VIB Spark Ignition EngineE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE191 Specification forApparatus For Microdetermination of Carbon and Hydrogen in Organic and Organo-Metallic CompoundsIE
40、EE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 SAE Standards:6J304 Engine Oil TestsJ1423 Classification of Energy-Conserving Engine Oil for Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks2.3 API Publication:7API 1509 Engine Oil Licensing and Certification
41、System2.4 ANSI Standard:8ANSI MC96.1-1975 Temperature Measurement Thermocouples3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 air-fuel ratio, nin internal combustion engines, the mass ratio of air-to-fuel in the mixture being induced into thecombustion chambers. D41753.1.2 automotive, adjdescriptive of equipme
42、nt associated with self-propelled machinery, usually vehicles driven by internalcombustion engines. D44853.1.3 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, that portion of the combustion products and unburned air/fuel mixture thatleaks past piston rings into the engine crankcase during operation.3.1.4 b
43、reak-in, vin internal combustion engines, the running of a new engine under prescribed conditions to help stabilizeengine response and help remove initial friction characteristics associated with new engine parts. D68373.1.5 calibrate, vto determine the indication or output of a (e.g., thermometer,
44、manometer, engine) device or a given enginewith respect to a standard.3.1.6 calibration oil, nan oil that is used to determine the indication or output of a measuring device or a given engine withrespect to a standard. D41755 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or cont
45、actASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.6 Available from the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr. Warrendale, PA 15096-0001. This standard is not availabl
46、e separately. Order theSAE Handbook Vol 2, or the SAE Fuels and Lubricants Standards Manual HS-23.7 Available from the American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.8 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10
47、036, http:/www.ansi.org.D7589 1643.1.7 engine oil, na liquid that reduces friction or wear, or both, between the moving parts of an engine; removes heat,particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves as a combustion gas sealant for the piston rings.3.1.7.1 DiscussionIt may contain additives
48、to enhance certain properties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit formation, valve train wear, oiloxidation, and foaming are examples. D67503.1.8 fuel economy, nin internal combustion engines, the efficient use of gasoline. D68373.1.8.1 DiscussionDetermined by comparing the rate of fuel consumpti
49、on of a test oil with that displayed by baseline oil.3.1.9 lubricant, nany material interposed between two surfaces that reduces the friction or wear, or both, between them.D41753.1.10 non-reference oil, nany oil other than a reference oil, such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candidate oil.D41753.1.11 non-standard test, na test that is not conducted in conformance with the requirements in the standard test method, suchas running on an uncalibrated test stand, using different test equipment, applying different equipment assembly procedures,
