1、Designation: E193 94 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Specification forLaboratory Glass Micropipets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E193; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num
2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers several micropipets useful inme
3、asuring microlitre quantities of liquids.NOTE 1This specification was originally developed by the Committeeon MicrochemicalApparatus, Division ofAnalytical Chemistry,AmericanChemical Society.2,3,41.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are inclu
4、ded in thisstandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:5E920 Specification for Commercially Packaged LaboratoryApparatusE921 Specification for Export Packaged Laboratory Appa-ratusE1133 Practice for Performance Testing of Packaged Labo-ratory Apparatus for United States Government Procure-men
5、tsE1157 Specification for Sampling and Testing of ReusableLaboratory Glassware3. Nomenclature3.1 The pipets specified in Figs. 1-3, and Fig. 4 are classifiedas micropipets, whereas those in Figs. 5 and 6 are classified asmicrolitre pipets in order to differentiate among the variouspipets, not on a t
6、echnical basis, but rather on the basis of usage.This is done to prevent confusion that might result from thefact that the pipets shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and Fig. 3 are listedin trade catalogs as micropipets designed especially for use inthe fields of biological and clinical chemistry, and the pipet
7、sshown in Fig. 4 are listed as micropipets, density-type, de-signed for use as microweighing pipets, or pycnometers.4. Micropipets, Measuring-Type (“to deliver”)4.1 The measuring-type micropipets2,6are specified in fivecapacities and shall conform to the requirements shown in Fig.1. The narrow, elon
8、gated delivery stem of the pipets can reachto the bottom of microvolumetric flasks,2,5permitting almostcomplete withdrawal of the contents of the flask. Quantitativedelivery of the entire volume of the pipets is obtained bytouching off the last drop.5. Micropipets, Folin-Type (“to contain”)5.1 The F
9、olin-type4,6,7micropipets are specified in twocapacities and shall conform to the requirements shown in Fig.2. Complete delivery of the volume indicated by the graduationmark on these pipets is ensured by washing out several timesany solution adhering to the inner surface with wash liquiddrawn up fr
10、om the tip.6. Micro Washout Pipets, Pregl-Type (“to contain”)6.1 The micro washout pipets, Pregl-type4,6,8are specifiedin four capacities and shall conform to the requirements shownin Fig. 3. Quantitative delivery of the volume indicated by thegraduation mark on the pipets is obtained by rinsing out
11、 thecontents with wash liquid added from the top of the pipet.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 onLaboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 onApparatus.Current edition approved July 1, 2010. Published July 2010. Originally approved
12、in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E193 94 (2005). DOI:10.1520/E0193-94R10.2Committee on Microchemical Apparatus, Division of Analytical Chemistry,American Chemical Society. “ Report on Recommended Specifications for Micro-chemical Apparatus, Volumetric Glassware, Flasks, Pipets, and
13、 Centrifuge Tubes,”Analytical Chemistry, Vol 28, 1956, p. 1993.3Committee on Microchemical Apparatus, Division of Analytical Chemistry,American Chemical Society. “ Report on Recommended Specifications for Micro-chemical Apparatus, Volumetric Glassware, Microlitre Pipets,” Analytical Chem-istry, Vol
14、30, 1958, p. 1702.4Committee on Microchemical Apparatus, Division of Analytical Chemistry,American Chemical Society. “Report on Recommended Specifications for Micro-chemical Apparatus, Volumetric Glassware, Micropipets,” Analytical Chemistry,Vol 32, 1960, p. 1045.5For referenced ASTM standards, visi
15、t the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.6Steyermark, A., Quantitative Organic Microanalysis, 2nd Ed., AcademicPress, New York, NY, 1961.7
16、Folin, O., Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol 77, 1928, p. 421.8Grant, J., Quantitative Organic Microanalysis Based on Methods of FritzPregl, 5th Ed., Blakiston Co., Philadelphia, PA 1951, p. 34.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Un
17、ited States.7. Micro Weighing Pipets, Density-Type (Pycnometers)(“to contain”)7.1 The micro weighing pipets, density-type (pycnom-eters),4,6,9with ground-glass caps, are specified in three ca-pacities and shall conform to the requirements shown in Fig. 4.These pipets are designed for density determi
18、nations on smallamounts of volatile, viscous or hygroscopic liquids. Thedecigram size has a capacity of 100 L and is especiallysuitable for highly viscous liquids. The centigram size has acapacity of 40 to 80 L and the milligram size has a capacityof 10 to 30 L. The centigram and milligram sizes are
19、9Alber, H. K., Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Analytical Edition,Vol12, 1940, p. 764.LiningCapacity, mLSubdivision,mLInterval Graduated,mLRing at Each,mLHalf Ringat Each, mLNumber at 0and Each mLTolerance, 6,mL0.2 0.01 0 to 0.18 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.0050.5 0.01 0 to 0.45 0.05 0.01 0.1 0.011 0.02
20、0 to 0.90 0.1 0.02 0.1 0.022 0.05 0 to 1.75 0.25 0.05 0.5 0.043 0.05 0 to 2.70 0.25 0.05 0.5 0.06Notes:1. No graduations shall appear in tapered portion.2. Tip may be tapered at junction with body, but outside diameter at this point may not exceed 4.5 mm.3. Tip outlet shall be glazed, with least pos
21、sible constriction.4. Calibrated to deliver at 20C, touching off last drop.FIG. 1 Micropipets with Cylindrical TipE193 94 (2010)2graduated in 1-mm divisions, and can be used even when thetotal amount of sample available is less than the maximumcapacity of the micropipet. The sample may occupy anypor
22、tion of the graduated stem, thereby eliminating the neces-sity of making a precise adjustment to a fixed calibration mark.8. Microlitre Pipets (“to contain”)8.1 The microlitre pipets3,6are specified in 25 capacitiesand shall conform to the requirements shown in Fig. 5 (1 to5-L capacities) and Fig. 6
23、 (5 to 1000-L capacities). Thedimensions of these pipets are such that they may be used withmicro volumetric flasks.2,5Complete delivery of the volumeindicated by the graduation mark on the pipets is obtained byrinsing out several times any solution adhering to the innersurface with wash liquid draw
24、n up from the tip.9. Sampling and Testing9.1 Refer to Specification E1157.10. Packaging10.1 Select from Specification E920, E921,orE1133.11. Keywords11.1 glass; micropipetsFIG. 2 Micropipets, Folin-TypeE193 94 (2010)3FIG. 3 Micro Washout Pipets, Pregl-TypeE193 94 (2010)4FIG. 4 Micro Weighing Pipets,
25、 Density-Type (Pycnometers)Capacity, LAOver-all Length, mm ID Tubing, mm B D at End, mm CMin CapacitySafety Bulb, LVolume Tol-erance,B6 %1 140 6 5 0.12to0.16 0.10to0.20 50 12 1406 5 0.16to0.25 0.15to0.25 50 13 140 6 5 0.20to0.28 0.15to0.25 50 14 140 6 5 0.24to0.32 0.15to0.25 50 1ACalibrated to conta
26、in.BCloser volumetric standardization shall be carried out by the operator with substances under actual conditions of use.FIG. 5 Microlitre Pipets (1 to 4-L Capacities)E193 94 (2010)5ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any ite
27、m mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical comm
28、ittee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a m
29、eeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive
30、, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org
31、). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).Delivery SystemCapacity,LAOver-allLength,mmOD Tubing,mm AID Tubing,mm BID at End,mm CApproximateLength,mm DMax OD,mm EMinLength,mm FWall atEnd,mm GMinCapacitySafetyBulb, LVolumeToler-an
32、ce,B6 %5 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 6 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.56 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.57 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.58 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.59 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.18
33、to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.510 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.20 to 0.35 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.515 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.25 to 0.40 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.520 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.35 to 0.50 0.25 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.525 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.35 to 0.50 0.25 to 0.50 65
34、4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.535 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.35 to 0.50 0.25 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.350 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.35 to 0.50 0.25 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.360 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.40 to 0.55 0.30 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.375 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.40 to 0.60 0.30 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 75 0.310
35、0 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.50 to 0.75 0.30 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 75 0.3150 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.75 to 1.00 0.40 to 0.60 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 100 0.3200 145 6 10 5 to 6 0.75 to 1.00 0.40 to 0.60 65 4 55 0.6 to 0.8 100 0.2250 145 6 10 5 to 6 0.75 to 1.00 0.40 to 0.60 65 4 55 0.6 to 0.8 100 0.2300 145 6 10 5 to
36、 6 0.75 to 1.00 0.40 to 0.70 65 4 55 0.6 to 0.8 200 0.2400 150 6 10 6 to 7 1.00 to 1.25 0.40 to 0.70 70 6 60 0.6 to 0.8 200 0.2500 160 6 10 6 to 7 1.25 to 1.50 0.40 to 0.70 70 6 60 0.6 to 0.8 200 0.21000 170 6 10 7 to 8 2.00 to 2.25 0.40 to 0.70 80 7 60 0.6 to 0.8 300 0.2ACalibrated to contain.BCloser volumetric standardization shall be carried out by the operator with substances under actual conditions of use.FIG. 6 Microlitre Pipets (5 to 1000-L Capacities)E193 94 (2010)6
