ASTM E1824-2013 Standard Test Method for Assignment of a Glass Transition Temperature Using Thermomechanical Analysis Tension Method《采用热机械分析的玻璃转变温度分配的标准试验方法 拉伸方法》.pdf
《ASTM E1824-2013 Standard Test Method for Assignment of a Glass Transition Temperature Using Thermomechanical Analysis Tension Method《采用热机械分析的玻璃转变温度分配的标准试验方法 拉伸方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM E1824-2013 Standard Test Method for Assignment of a Glass Transition Temperature Using Thermomechanical Analysis Tension Method《采用热机械分析的玻璃转变温度分配的标准试验方法 拉伸方法》.pdf(5页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: E1824 091E1824 13Standard Test Method forAssignment of a Glass Transition Temperature UsingThermomechanical Analysis: Tension Method1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1824; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEAdded research report information to Section 13 editorially in September 2010.1. Scope1.1
3、This test method covers a procedure for the assignment of a glass transition temperature (Tg) of materials on heating usingthermomechanical measurements.measurements in tension.1.2 This test method may be used as a complement to Test Method E1545 and is applicable to amorphous or to partiallycrystal
4、line materials in the form of films, fibers, wires, etc.etc., that are sufficiently rigid to inhibit extension during loading atambient temperature.1.3 The generally applicable temperature range for this test method is 100 to 600C. This temperature range may be altereddepending upon the instrumentat
5、ion used.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 There is no ISO method equivalent to this method.standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its u
6、se. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and RheologyE1142 Terminology R
7、elating to Thermophysical PropertiesE1545 Test Method for Assignment of the Glass Transition Temperature by Thermomechanical AnalysisE1970 Practice for Statistical Treatment of Thermoanalytical DataE2602 Test Method for the Assignment of the Glass Transition Temperature by Modulated Temperature Diff
8、erential ScanningCalorimetry3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The following terms are applicable to this test method and can be found in Terminology E473 and Terminology E1142:thermomechanical analysis (TMA), thermodilatometry, glass transition, and glass transition temperature.4. Summary of Test
9、Method4.1 This test method uses thermomechanical analysis equipment (thermomechanical analyzer, dilatometer, or similar device)with the test specimen in tension to determine the change in dimension of a thin specimen observed when the material is subjectedto a constant heating rate through the glass
10、 transition region. This change in dimension associated with the change from vitreoussolid to amorphous liquid is observed as movement of a sensing probe in direct contact with the specimen and is recorded as a1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E37 on Thermal Measurements
11、and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.10 on Fundamental,Statistical and Mechanical Properties.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009Aug. 1, 2013. Published February 2010August 2013. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20082009 asE1824 08.E1824 091. DOI: 10.1
12、520/E1824-09E01.10.1520/E1824-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM
13、 standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all
14、 cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1function of temperature. The intersection of the extrapolation of the slope
15、of the probe displacement curve before and after thetransition is used to determine a temperature that is assigned as the glass transition temperature.5. Significance and Use5.1 The glass transition is dependent on the thermal history, softening agents or additives of the material to be tested. Fora
16、morphous and semicrystalline materials the assignment of a glass transition temperature may lead to important information aboutthermal history, processing conditions, stability, progress of chemical reactions, and mechanical and electrical behavior.5.2 Thermomechanical analysis provides a rapid mean
17、s of detecting changes in hardness or linear dimensional changeassociated with the glass transition. Dimensional changes measured as a specimen is heated over the Tglassg transition region mayinclude the interaction of several effects: an increase in the coefficient of expansion, a decrease in the m
18、odulus, which under aconstant stress leads to increased extension, stress relief leading to irreversible dimensional change (shrinkage in one dimension,expansion in another dimension), and physical aging effects which change the kinetics of the dimensional change.5.3 This test method is useful for r
19、esearch and development, quality control, and specification acceptance testing; particularlyof films and fibers.6. Interferences6.1 This test method may be used for materials having a glass transition at or below ambient temperature providing care is takento avoid exposing the specimen to a tensile
20、force prior to cooling the specimen below its glass transition. Applying a tensile loadon a specimen that is above its glass transition will result in elongation of the specimen which may introduce orientation andresidual stresses that will alter the specimen thermal history and may yield erroneous
21、results during the heating cycle.6.2 Specimens of thickness less than 0.2 mm may be difficult to handle.6.3 Specimens of thickness greater than 5 mm may develop temperature nonuniformities of sufficient extent as to yielderroneously high values for an assigned glass transition temperature using this
22、 test method.7. Apparatus7.1 The essential equipment required to provide the minimum instrument capability for this test method includes:7.1.1 A Thermomechanical Analyzer (TMA) or Thermodilatometer, consisting of:7.1.1.1 Rigid Specimen Holder, of inert, low expansivity material (20 m/m-C), usually q
23、uartz, to center the specimen in thefurnace and to fix the specimen to mechanical ground.NOTE 1Use of rigid specimen holders and tension probes constructed of lower thermal expansivity (5 m/m-C)(20 m/m-C) materials orcorrections for hardware expansivity may be necessary if very small changes in spec
24、imen dimensions are encountered with this test method.7.1.1.2 Rigid Tension Probe, of inert, low expansivity material ( 5 m/m-C), usually quartz, which contacts the specimen withan applied in-plane tensile force.7.1.1.3 Sensing Element, with a dynamic range of at least 5 mm, a linearity of 1 % or be
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