1、Designation: E3050 16Standard Specification forDenatured Ethanol for Use as Cooking and Appliance Fuel1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3050; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers denatured ethanol intended tobe used as a cooking or appliance fuel, or both.1.2 Nothing in this spec
3、ification shall preclude observanceof federal, state, or local regulations.1.2.1 Denatured ethanol has many regulatory limitationsthat cover the production, trading, transporting, distributing,wholesale and retail sale, and use of denatured ethanol; thisspecification does not purport to address the
4、regulatory com-pliance aspects of these activities.1.3 The addition of a denatonium benzoate is required inaddition to any other denaturants that are added.1.3.1 The denatonium benzoate is added as an additionaldeterrent to consumption. The denatonium benzoate must beadded in an amount that meets th
5、e minimum and maximumrequirements listed in Table 1.1.4 The addition of a colored dye is also required. Thecolored dye must be added in a concentration sufficient toenable the visual detection of the color in the fuel but in anamount less than the maximum listed in Table 1.1.4.1 The colored dye is a
6、dded to visually indicate that theproduct is not potable.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresp
7、onsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-rationD4057 Practice for Manual Samp
8、ling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers forTests Affected by Trace ContaminationD4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE,TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1to C4Alc
9、o-hols in Gasoline by Gas ChromatographyD5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samplesof Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsD5501 Test Method for Determination of Ethanol andMethanol Content in Fuels Containing Greater than 20%Ethanol by Gas ChromatographyD7795 Test Method for Acidity in Etha
10、nol and EthanolBlends by TitrationE203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl FischerTitrationE300 Practice for Sampling Industrial ChemicalsE1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulo-metric Karl Fischer Titration3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 denatured ethanol, nethanol made
11、unfit for beverageuse by the addition of toxic or noxious materials.3.1.2 higher alcohols, naliphatic alcohols of general for-mula CnH2n+1OH with n being 3 to 8.3.1.3 hydrocarbon, nthose components in an ethanol-hydrocarbon blend containing only hydrogen and carbon.4. Fuel Specifications4.1 Denature
12、d Ethanol for use as cooking and appliance fuelshall conform to the specifications in Table 1.5. Workmanship5.1 The product described by this specification shall bevisually free of sediment and suspended matter.5.2 The product described by this specification shall be freeof any adulterant or contami
13、nant that can render the materialunacceptable for its commonly used applications.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E48 onBioenergy and Industrial Chemicals from Biomass and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E48.05 on Biomass Conversion.Current edition approved
14、 Feb. 1, 2016. Published February 2016. DOI: 10.1520/E3050-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website
15、.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.3 Additives beyond the denaturants and colorants arediscouraged. Higher molecular weight additives can createissues with combustion or lead to deposits on the fuel canistersat the poi
16、nt of combustion, or both. Monitoring the fuel usingTest Method D381 for unwashed gum content is one way todetermine if additives other than denaturants and colorants arebeing added. Such monitoring can provide an early indicationof contamination by materials not intended for use in homecooking fuel
17、 when unwashed gum values increase beyond thenormal range of values established from trends.5.4 Care should be taken when selecting and adding thecolorant. Not all colorants are soluble in ethanol. A prototypesample should be prepared first and the colorant added to testsolubility before adding any
18、colorant to the bulk fuel.6. Sampling, Containers, and Sample Handling6.1 The user is strongly advised to review all intended testmethods prior to sampling to understand the importance andeffects of sampling technique, proper containers, and specialhandling required for each test method.6.2 Correct
19、sampling procedures are critical to obtain asample representative of the lot intended to be tested. Useappropriate procedures in Practice D4057 or Practice E300 formanual method sampling and in Practice D4177 for automaticmethod sampling, as applicable.6.3 The correct sample volume and appropriate c
20、ontainerselection are important decisions that can impact test results.Refer to Practice D4306 for aviation fuel container selectionfor tests sensitive to trace contamination. Refer to PracticeD5854 for procedures on container selection and samplemixing and handling. All sampling and storage contain
21、ersshould be evaluated for durability, compatibility, and contami-nation of cooking and appliance fuel prior to use. If samplesmust be collected in metal containers, do not use solderedmetal containers. Soldering flux in the containers and the leadin the solder can contaminate the sample.6.4 Sample
22、SizeAminimum of about 1 Lis recommended.6.5 Lot SizeA lot shall normally consist of the amountcontained in a tanker compartment or other bulk container inwhich it is delivered. If this definition does not apply, thedefinition of a lot must be agreed upon between the supplierand purchaser.7. Test Met
23、hods7.1 Determine the requirements enumerated in this specifi-cation in accordance with the following test methods:7.1.1 EthanolTest Method D5501.7.1.2 WaterTest Methods E203 or E1064.7.1.3 Higher AlcoholsTest Method D4815 or other suit-able gas chromatography method.7.1.4 AcidityTest Method D7795.7
24、.1.5 Solvent-Washed Gum ContentTest Method D381, airjet apparatus.7.1.6 Documented AdditionThe process of providing writ-ten documentation on the specific amount of a substanceadded.8. Keywords8.1 appliance fuel; cooking fuel; denatured ethanol; ethanol;fuel; stove fuelASTM International takes no po
25、sition respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibi
26、lity.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to A
27、STM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the addres
28、s shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 61
29、0-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 1 Denatured Ethanol Cooking and Appliance F
30、uelSpecificationsProperty Units Limit Min/Max Test MethodEthanol volume % 90 Min D5501Water volume % 10 Max E203 or E1064Higher Alcohols(C3C8)volume % 2 Max D4815HydrocarbonAvolume % 1 Max DocumentedAdditionAcidity(as acetic acid)mg/Kg 40 Max D7795Denatonium Benzoate mg/Kg 1020 MinMax DocumentedAdditionColored Dye mg/Kg 10 Max DocumentedAdditionAThe hydrocarbons approved for use under this specification are as follows:gasoline, unleaded gasoline, natural gasoline, heptane, or rubber hydrocarbonsolvent.E3050 162
