1、Designation: F2675/F2675M 13Standard Test Method forDetermining Arc Ratings of Hand Protective ProductsDeveloped and Used for Electrical Arc Flash Protection1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2675/F2675M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof origin
2、al adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method is used to determine the arc rating ofhand prote
3、ctive products in the form of gloves, glove materials,glove material systems, or other protective products designedto fit on the hand and specifically intended for electric arc flashprotection use as protective accessories for workers exposed toelectric arc heat flux values from 84 to 25,120 kW/m22
4、to 600cal/cm2s.1.2 This test method will determine the arc rating of handprotective products made of materials which meet the follow-ing requirements for flame resistance: less than 150 mm 6 in.char length, less than 2 s afterflame and no melt and drip whentested in accordance with Test Method D6413
5、 or receive areported 50 % probability of ignition of a material or flam-mable underlayer (see definition of ignition50) by this method.1.2.1 It is the intent of this test method to be used for handprotective products which are flame resistant or which have anadequate flame resistance for the requir
6、ed hazard (see 1.2).Non flame resistant hand protective products may be used asunder layers in multiple-layer systems or tested for ignitionprobability.1.2.2 It is not the intent of this test method to be used forglove materials, which have been tested by Test MethodF1959/F1959M as flat panels of ma
7、terial then sewn into handprotective products. Materials for hand protective products,which are not normally produced in flat panels or whichdisplay shrinkage making the material unacceptable to test onpanels, shall be tested using this standard.1.2.3 Rubber insulating gloves meeting Specification D
8、120and leather protectors meeting Specification F696 are notcovered by this test method and are specifically excluded fromits Scope.1.2.4 Hand protective products tested by this method arenew and ratings received by this method may be reduced oreliminated by hydrocarbon loading (gasoline, diesel fue
9、l,transformer oil, etc.), sweat, dirt, grease, or other contaminants.The end user takes responsibility for use of hand protectiveproducts tested by this method when contaminated in such amanner which could reduce or eliminate the arc rating of thehand protective products.1.2.5 Gloves tested by this
10、method provide no protectionfrom electric shock. Insulated gloves for protection fromelectric shock are addressed under other standards includingASTM D120. This test method is designed to provide infor-mation for gloves used for electric arc protection only. This testmethod is not suitable for deter
11、mining electrical protectiveproperties of hand protective products.1.3 This test method is used to measure and describe theproperties of hand protective products in response to convec-tive and radiant energy generated by an electric arc undercontrolled laboratory conditions.1.4 The values stated in
12、either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.5 This tes
13、t method does not apply to electrical contact orelectrical shock hazards.1.6 This standard shall not be used to describe or appraisethe fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assembliesunder actual fire conditions. However, results of this test maybe used as elements of a fire assessmen
14、t that takes into account1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 onElectrical Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F18.65 on Wearing Apparel.Current edition approved June 1, 2013. Published July 2013. DOI: 10.1520/F2675_F2675M-13.
15、Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1all of the factors, which are pertinent to an assessment of thefire hazard of a particular end use.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associ
16、ated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificprecautions, see Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D120 Specification
17、for Rubber Insulating GlovesD123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD4391 Terminology Relating to The Burning Behavior ofTextilesD6413 Test Method for Flame Resistance of Textiles (Ver-tical Test)E457 Test Method for Measuring Heat-Transfer Rate Usinga Thermal Capacitance (Slug) CalorimeterF696 Specifi
18、cation for Leather Protectors for Rubber Insu-lating Gloves and MittensF819 Terminology Relating to Electrical Protective Equip-ment for WorkersF1494 Terminology Relating to Protective ClothingF1959/F1959M Test Method for Determining theArc Ratingof Materials for Clothing2.2 ANSI/IEEE Standard:3Stan
19、dard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 arc rating, nvalue attributed to materials that de-scribes their performance to exposure to an electrical arcdischarge.3.1.2 arc thermal performance value (ATPV), nin arctesting, the incident energy on a material
20、or a multilayer systemof materials that results in a 50 % probability that sufficientheat transfer through the tested specimen is predicted to causethe onset of a second-degree skin burn injury based on theStoll4curve, cal/cm2.3.1.3 breakopen, nin electric arc testing, a material re-sponse evidenced
21、 by the formation of one or more holes in thematerial which may allow thermal energy to pass through thematerial.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThe specimen is considered to exhibitbreakopen when any hole is at least 3.2 cm20.5 in.2 in areaor at least 2.5 cm 1.0 in. in any dimension. Single threadsacross the ope
22、ning or hole do not reduce the size of the hole forthe purposes of this test method. In multiple layer specimens offlame resistant material, all the layers must breakopen to meetthe definition. In multiple layer specimens, if some of thelayers are ignitable, breakopen occurs when these layers areexp
23、osed.3.1.4 breakopen threshold energy (EBT), nthe incidentenergy on a material or material system that results in a 50 %probability of breakopen.3.1.4.1 DiscussionThis is the value in J/cm2cal/cm2determined by use of logistic regression analysis representingthe energy at which breakopen of the layer
24、 occurred.3.1.5 charring, nformation of carbonaceous residue as theresult of pyrolysis or incomplete combustion.3.1.6 dripping, nin testing flame-resistant clothing, a ma-terial response evidenced by flowing of a specimens materialof composition.3.1.7 ignitability, n (ignitable, adj)in electric arce
25、xposure, the property of a material involving ignition accom-panied by heat and light, and continued burning resulting inconsumption of at least 25 % of the exposed area of the testspecimen.3.1.8 ignition50, nin arc testing, the incident energy on amaterial or flammable underlayer that results in a
26、50 %probability of ignition of a material or flammable underlayer.3.1.9 material response, nmaterial response to an electricarc is indicated by the following terms: breakopen, melting,dripping, charring, embrittlement, shrinkage, and ignition.3.1.10 melting, nin testing flame resistant clothing,amat
27、erial response evidenced by softening of the material.3.1.11 mix zone, nin arc testing, the range of incidentenergies, which can result in either a positive or negativeoutcome for predicted second-degree burn injury, breakopen orunderlayer ignition. The low value of the range begins with thelowest i
28、ncident energy indicating a positive result, and the highvalue or the range is the highest incident energy indicating anegative result.3.1.11.1 DiscussionA mix zone is established when thehighest incident energy with a negative result is greater thanthe lowest incident energy with a positive result.
29、3.1.12 peak arc current, nmaximum value of the AC arccurrent, A.3.1.13 RMS arc current, nroot mean square of the AC arccurrent, A.3.1.14 shrinkage, nin testing flame resistant clothing,amaterial response evidenced by reduction in specimen size.3.1.15 Stoll4curve, nan empirical predicted second-degre
30、e skin burn injury model, also commonly referred to asthe Stoll Response.3.2 For other definitions see, D123 Terminology Relating toTextiles, D4391 Terminology Relating to the Burning Behaviorof Textiles, F819 Terminology Relating to Electrical ProtectiveEquipment for Workers, F1494 Terminology Rela
31、ting to Pro-tective Clothing, or IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical andElectronics Terms.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document
32、Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE),445 Hoes Ln., Piscataway, NJ 08854, http:/www.ieee.org.4Derived from: Stoll,A. M. and Chianta, M.A., “Method and Rating System forEvaluations of Thermal Protection,” Aerospace Medicine, Vol
33、 40, 1969, pp.1232-1238 and Stoll, A. M. and Chianta, M. A., “Heat Transfer through Fabrics asRelated to Thermal Injury,” TransactionsNew York Academy of Sciences, Vol 33(7), Nov. 1971, pp. 649-670.F2675/F2675M 1324. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method determines the heat transport responseth
34、rough a hand protective product material or hand protectiveproduct material system when exposed to the heat energy froman electric arc. This heat transport response is assessed versusthe Stoll curve, an approximate human tissue tolerance predic-tive model that projects the onset of a second-degree b
35、urninjury.4.1.1 During this procedure, the amount of heat energytransferred by the tested hand protective products is measuredduring and after exposure to an electric arc.4.1.1.1 The thermal energy exposure and heat transportresponse of test specimens are measured with copper slugcalorimeters. The c
36、hange in temperature versus time is used,along with the known thermo-physical properties of copper todetermine the respective heat energy delivered to and throughthe specimens.4.2 Hand protective product material performance for thisprocedure is determined from the amount of heat transferred byand t
37、hrough the tested material.4.3 Heat transfer data determined by this test method is thebasis of the arc rating for the material.4.3.1 The arc rating determined by this test method is theamount of energy that predicts a 50 % probability of second-degree burn as determined by the Stoll Curve4or breako
38、pen(should the specimens exhibit breakopen before the skin burninjury prediction is reached).4.4 Hand protective product material response is furtherdescribed by recording the observed effects of the electric arcexposure on the specimens using the terms in 12.6.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test m
39、ethod is intended for the determination of thearc rating of a hand protective product material, or a combi-nation of hand protective product materials.5.1.1 Because of the variability of the arc exposure, differ-ent heat transmission values are observed at individual sensors.Evaluate the results of
40、each sensor in accordance with Section12.5.2 This test method maintains the specimen in a static,vertical position and does not involve movement except thatresulting from the exposure.5.3 This test method specifies a standard set of exposureconditions. Different exposure conditions have the potentia
41、l toproduce different results. In addition to the standard set ofexposure conditions, other conditions are allowed and shall bedocumented in the reporting of the testing results.6. Apparatus6.1 General Arrangement For Determining Arc Rating Us-ing Hand Protective Product Holders and Monitor SensorTh
42、e test apparatus shall consist of supply bus, arc controller,recorder, arc electrodes, hand protective product holder(s) (onesensor per hand protective product holder), and monitorsensors as shown on Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 1 below shows two offour hand protective product holders.6.1.1 Arrangement of th
43、e Hand Protective Product HolderPanelsHand protective product holder(s) (one sensor perhand protective product) and monitor sensors (two for eachhand protective product holder) shall be used for each test andbe spaced equally as shown in Fig. 2. Fewer or more handprotective product holders may be us
44、ed if the positioning anddistance requirements of Section 6 are met. The monitoringsensors shall be positioned between hand protective products.6.1.2 Hand Protective Product Holder ConstructionHandprotective product holders and each monitor sensor holder shallbe constructed from non-conductive heat
45、resistant materialwith a thermal conductivity value of 0.9. The paintedsensor shall be dried before use and present a uniformlyapplied coating (no visual thick spots or surface irregularities).Use an external heat source, for example, an external heatlamp, as required to completely drive off any rem
46、ainingorganic carriers in a freshly painted surface.6.2.2.1 DiscussionAn evaluation of the emissivity of thepainted calorimeters used in this test method is available fromASTM; “ASTM Research Program on Electric Arc TestMethod Development to Evaluate Protective Clothing Fabric;ASTM F18.65.01 Testing
47、 Group Report on Arc Testing Analy-sis of the F1959/F1959M Standard Test MethodPhase 1.”This report contains information on paint(s) successfully used.56.2.3 The thermocouple wire is installed in the calorimeteras shown in Fig. 5.6.2.4 Alternate calorimeters are permitted for use as moni-tor sensors
48、 provided they are calibrated and have a similarresponse to those in 6.2.1. The use of a different thermocouple5Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Request RR:F18-1001.FIG. 1 Test Set Up IllustrationF2675/F2675M 134junction, exposed surface area, slug material, and mass areallowed and th
49、eir performance shall be documented in the testresults.6.3 Supply Bus and ElectrodesA typical arrangement ofthe supply bus and arc electrodes is shown in Fig. 1. The arcshall be in a vertical position as shown.FIG. 2 Test Rig IllustrationFIG. 3 Calorimeter and Thermocouple DetailF2675/F2675M 1356.3.1 ElectrodesMake the electrodes from stainless steel(Alloy Type 303 or Type 304) rod of a nominal 19 mm 0.75in. diameter. Length of 45.0 cm 18 in. initially has beenfound to be adequate.6.3.2 Fuse WireA fuse wire, connecting the ends ofopposing
