1、ATIS-0600003.2018 American National Standard for Telecommunications Battery Enclosure and Rooms/Areas Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions Approved May 2018 American National Standards Institute, Inc. Abstract The purpose of this standard is to develop industry-wide requirements includ
2、ing methods and procedures for the control of battery room and enclosure environments. This includes adequate ventilation of battery-generated gases, the dissipation of battery-generated heat, the control of room and enclosure temperature, the management of battery electrolyte spills, and in general
3、 the control of any contaminates within the battery room or enclosure. ATIS-0600003.2018 ii Foreword The information contained in this Foreword is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been processed in accordance with ANSIs requirements for an ANS. As such, this Foreword may
4、 contain material that has not been subjected to public review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the Standard. The Alliance for Telecommunication Industry Solutions (ATIS) serves the public through improved understanding between carrie
5、rs, customers, and manufacturers. The Network Interface, Power, and Protection Committee (NIPP) - formerly T1E1 - develops and recommends standards and technical reports. The standards and technical reports are related to power systems, electrical and physical protection for the exchange and interex
6、change carrier networks, and interfaces associated with user access to telecommunications networks. ANSI guidelines specify two categories of requirements: mandatory and recommendation. The mandatory requirements are designated by the word shall and recommendations by the word should. Where both a m
7、andatory requirement and a recommendation are specified for the same criterion, the recommendation represents a goal currently identifiable as having distinct compatibility or performance advantages. Suggestions for improvement of this document are welcome. They should be sent to the Alliance for Te
8、lecommunications Industry Solutions, STEP, 1200 G Street NW, Suite 500, Washington, DC 20005. At the time of initiation or issuance of the letter ballot for this document, STEP, which was responsible for its development, had the following leadership: E. Gallo, STEP Chair and STEP NPS Chair (Ericsson
9、) J. Fuller, STEP Vice Chair (AT b) Provide reference to guide engineering documents for the management and control of the battery room and enclosure environment; and c) Provide guidance for the battery room and enclosure design. 2 Normative References The following standards contain provisions whic
10、h, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this American National Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this American National Standard are encouraged to investigate the poss
11、ibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. IEEE C2, National Electrical Safety Code.1IEEE 1578, IEEE recommended practice for battery electrolyte spill containment and management.1IEEE 1635 / ASHRAE 21, Guide for the Ventilation and Thermal Management of Batteries
12、 for Stationary Applications. CENELEC EN 50272-2:2001, Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations. Stationary batteries.21This document is available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). . 2Available at . ATIS-0600003.2018 2 International Fire
13、Code (IFC).3GR-487-CORE, Generic Requirements for Electronic Equipment Cabinets.4GR-3033-CORE, Generic Requirements for Indoor and Outdoor Battery Backup Cabinets.3DIN 57510, VDE specification for electric storage batteries and battery plants.5GR-63-CORE, Telcordia NEBS Requirements Physical Protect
14、ion.3NFPA 1, Fire Code.6NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC). 6OSHA (CFR 29, part 1910), Occupational Safety and Health Standards.7ASTM B810, Standard Test Method for Calibration of Atmospheric Corrosion Test Champers by Change in Mass of Copper Coupons.8ATIS-0600330, Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid Ba
15、tteries Used in the Telecommunications Environment.93 Definitions NOTE - See also informative Annex F, Glossary of Battery Terminology. 3.1 Battery “Jar”: Container that houses or encloses the battery elements. 3.2 Containment: A barrier, either permanent or temporary, to enclose and confine an elec
16、trolyte spill to the desired area. 3.3 Controlled Environment Vaults (CEVs): Environmentally controlled structures that house telecommunications equipment. “Active” containment: A barrier (either permanent or temporary) that is in place prior to an electrolyte spill to prevent any liquid from spread
17、ing beyond the containment area. “Passive” containment: Stored products/barriers that can be used to provide containment but are not currently in use in an “active” containment role. These stored products are usually maintained in storage containers designed for electrolyte spill containment use and
18、 are generally referred to as spill kits. 3.4 Electronic Equipment and Battery Outside Plant Cabinet: Provides a suitable environment for a telecommunications companys electronic, passive equipment and/or batteries that are housed in above ground cabinets or enclosures, typically pad or pole mounted
19、, in an outside plant environment. For additional information see GR3033-CORE Generic Requirements for Indoor and Outdoor Battery Backup Cabinets. 3.5 Valve Regulated Lead Acid batteries (VRLAs): Type of battery, completely encased, with no free electrolyte. The electrolyte in VRLA cells is either a
20、bsorbed in the separator material or gelled. 3Available at . 4Telcordia documents are available from . 5Available at . 6Available at . The National Electrical Code and NEC are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. 7Available at . 8This document is available f
21、rom the ASTM International. . 9This document is available from the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS). ATIS-0600003.2018 3 4 Requirements 4.1 Maintenance The room or enclosure should allow unobstructed access and working space for battery maintenance and replacement. 4.2 Elect
22、rolyte and 2) those with diameters greater than 2.5 mm are called coarse particles. The sum of the particulate concentrations (mg/m3) in each of these two size ranges is referred to as Total Suspended Particulate (TSP). In outdoor air, water-soluble salts contribute as much as 50% of the mass of the
23、 fine-mode particles. Although the indoor levels of fine particles are lower than those found outdoors, the percentage of water-soluble salts is generally greater than 50%. In time, these salts will accumulate on equipment surfaces where they can lead to increased corrosion levels, surface leakage,
24、and potential arcing problems, particularly when the relative humidity increases above 40%. Coarse-mode particles have their greatest impact on the operation of connector and relay contacts. In most cases, coarse-mode particles do not cause surface leakage or corrosion unless the dust is metallic (a
25、nd therefore conductive) or contains large amounts of chloride (e.g., road salt or sea salt). 4.4.1.2 Organic Vapors Organic vapors in a network facility usually originate from indoor sources. Organic vapors can lead to contact activation and rapid erosion, frictional polymer on sliding contacts, an
26、d material deterioration. Organic vapors can also affect disk drive and magnetic tape reliability. This clause only addresses organic contaminants whose boiling points are greater than 3C (37.4F). ATIS-0600003.2018 5 4.4.1.3 Reactive Gases The environment of a network facility can contain reactive g
27、ases such as sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, ozone, hydrogen sulfide, and gaseous chlorine at levels that can reach outdoor pollution levels. Most of these gases corrode metal surfaces. Ozone can lead to degradation of polymeric materials and is a factor to be considered in materials selection.
28、Recent studies show ammonia can potentially have an impact on optical fiber strength. 4.5 Contamination Levels 4.5.1 Environmentally Controlled Space It is a requirement that equipment intended for installation in controlled environmental space operate reliably for its intended service life within t
29、he average yearly levels of contamination. Conformance to this requirement for reactive gases and hygroscopic fine particulate can be demonstrated through the test methods given in clause 5. No measures are employed to remove gaseous contaminants in building filtration techniques. Consequently, indo
30、or concentrations of these gases/vapors can approach outdoor levels. Furthermore, due to the indoor sources of volatile organic compounds and ammonia, these contaminant levels can be considerably higher than outdoor levels. It is an objective that equipment operates reliably within the gaseous conta
31、mination levels according to manufacturer guidelines. 4.5.2 Outdoor Contaminant Levels The equipment intended to function in an outdoor environment, such as cabinets installed on pads or poles, with little or no filtration should operate reliably for the intended service life at the contaminant leve
32、ls described in Annex D. 4.5.3 Measurement of Contaminant Levels The TSP - Dichot 15 levels are based on measurements with a dichotomous sampler that size-fractionates the collected particles into two modes: fine particles (less than or equal to 2.5 mm) and coarse particles (from 2.5 to 15.0 mm). Pa
33、rticles are collected on Teflon membrane filters and weighed to determine TSP. Collection times range from 1 to 7 days. The relative composition of the indoor dust should be approximately the same as the outdoor dust. The percentage of fine particles, including water-soluble salts, may be higher ind
34、oors due to filtration efficiency characteristics. Water-soluble salts can be directly determined by water extraction of the collected particles, followed by ion-chromatographic analysis. Organic vapors can be determined by passive or active sampling followed by Gas Chromatographic/Mass Spectroscopi
35、c (GC/MS) analysis of the collected compounds. The various gases are determined by standard spectroscopic techniques. ATIS-0600003.2018 6 4.6 Ventilation thus the user is primarily concerned with hydrogen evolution, and oxygen evolution is usually ignored. Forced air convection is the result of air
36、movement and ventilation by the gas evolving from the battery and by the use of fans. The equations for simple diffusion and convection are shown and both are used to calculate the desired steady state concentrations of either gas in a battery room or enclosure that contains an air atmosphere of nor
37、mal composition. The calculations assume gas evolving from the battery mixes instantly with the air in the battery enclosure to form a homogenous air-gas mixture, and that the pressure is one atmosphere. 6.1.2 Simple Diffusion When under diffusion controls, the rate of transport is determined by the
38、 concentration difference between the gas in the battery enclosure and the outside world. The direction of gas flow is to the less concentrated gas side. Other inputs to the equation are the physical dimensions of the vent path, the diffusion coefficient of the gas, the temperature, and the battery-
39、gassing rate. The diffusion coefficient, in units of cm2/second, is a property of all gases and represents the movement of an area, plain, or flux of gas with respect to time. 6.1.3 Required Vent Area for Simple Gas Diffusion (Hydrogen) The required vent area required to obtain simple gas diffusion
40、is calculated by the following equation. nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnull null nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullwhere: A is the cross-sectional area of the vent opening in cm2, excluding screening, etc. d is the length of the vent, in cm Dg is the gas diffusion coefficient, in cm2/s (0.
41、78 for hydrogen gas molecules) t is the time in seconds (1 hr = 3600 s) ATIS-0600003.2018 9 a is the concentration of the gas in the outside world in g/cm3(essentially 0 for H2) d is the desired steady-state concentration of the gas in g/cm3 1% H2 by volume is 8.2 x 10-7g/cm3at 25C and 1 atmosphere
42、mH is the weight of hydrogen gas evolved from the battery in g/hr nullnullnull nullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnull nullnullwher: Mr is the molecular weight of the gas (H2 2 g/mol) P is the pressure in atmospheres (atm) Vf is the volume of gas vented from the enclosure in cm3/hr R is the gas consta
43、nt (82.06 cm3-atm/K) TK is the temperature in Kelvin (add 273.15 to the temperature in C) 6.1.4 Convection The types of convective venting of the battery room atmosphere addressed in this standard are natural and forced air convection. The formulas used to calculate the requirements for each method
44、are given below. 6.1.4.1 Equation for Ventilation by Natural Convection nullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnull%where: VfT is the total volume of all the gases evolving from the battery in cm3/hr. Vfe is the volume of hydrogen gas vented from the enclosure in cm3/hr. d% is the desired steady-state dec
45、imal percentage concentration of hydrogen 6.1.4.2 Equation for Ventilation by Forced Air Convection nullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullnull%where: Vfan is the fan exhaust/exchange capacity in cm3/hr. ATIS-0600003.2018 10 6.1.5 Sample Calculation, Various Means for Ventilating Hydrogen 6.1.5.1 Data for
46、 Vent Area a wide range of atmospheric variables are the rule because of seasonal, geographical, natural, and human influences. Indoor variations can be greater or less than the outdoor values depending on local sources, air-handling facilities, building construction, and the pollutant in question.
47、Accelerated atmospheric corrosion testing is an integral part of determining a component/systems resistance to gaseous attack and subsequent degradation. Accelerated Atmospheric Corrosion Chambers (AACCs) are widely used for various types of atmospheric corrosion testing. Recent studies have demonst
48、rated the need for using Mixed Flowing Gas (MFG) corrosion chambers with concentration and control verification of all pollutant gases. The chosen test atmosphere constituents and their values are weighted approximations to natural phenomena. The MFG test shall be performed according to the procedur
49、es in GR-63-CORE, Telcordia NEBS Requirements Physical Protection. ATIS-0600003.2018 18 Annex E (informative) E Containment Containment around battery installations is designed to confine electrolyte to a limited area immediately under and around the batteries. This serves to protect personnel and equipment from the electrolyte and to prevent the spread of a hazardous substance. Containment can be basically broken into two types, permanent and temporary, with each type available in two forms, active and passive. Permanent containment is defined as an ar
