1、Specification forThermal SprayingZinc Anodes onSteel ReinforcedConcreteAWS C2.20/C2.20M:2002An American National Standard550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126AWS C2.20/C2.20M:2002An American National StandardApproved byAmerican National Standards InstituteDecember 16, 2002Specification forTher
2、mal Spraying Zinc Anodeson Steel Reinforced ConcretePrepared byAWS C2 Committee on Thermal SprayingUnder the Direction ofAWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved byAWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThis AWS standard is a specification for thermal spraying zinc anodes on steel reinforced concrete. This
3、 standard isformatted as an industrial process instruction. The scope includes: job description, safety, pass/fail job referencestandards, feedstock materials, equipment, a step-by-step process instruction for surface preparation, thermal spraying,and quality control. There are two annexes: job cont
4、rol record and portable adhesion testing.Key WordsZinc, concrete, zinc anode, thermal spraying, arc spraying, process instruction, surface preparation, quality control, adhesion measurementStatement on Use of AWS American National StandardsAll standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices,
5、 methods, classifications, and guides) of the AmericanWelding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of theAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS standards are either incorporated in, or made part of, docu-ments that are
6、included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmental bodies, theirprovisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be ap-proved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they ca
7、n become a part of those laws and regula-tions. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the AWSstandards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standardmust be by agreement
8、between the contracting parties.International Standard Book Number: 0-87171-468-XAmerican Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126 2002 by American Welding Society. All rights reservedPrinted in the United States of AmericaAWS American National Standards are developed through a consen
9、sus standards development process that bringstogether volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers the processand establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, orverify the accur
10、acy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether spe-cial, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the public
11、ation, use of, or reliance on thisstandard. AWS also makes no guaranty or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein.In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or onbehalf of any person or en
12、tity. Nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someoneelse. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the adviceof a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given cir
13、cumstances.This standard may be superseded by the issuance of new editions. Users should ensure that they have the latest edition.Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent. AWS disclaims liability for the infringementof any patent resulting from the use or reliance o
14、n this standard.Finally, AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.On occasion, text, tables, or figures are printed incorrectly, constituting errata. Such errata, when discovered, are shownon the AWS web page (www.aws.org).Official i
15、nterpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may be obtained by sending a request, in writing,to the Managing Director, Technical Services Division, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL33126 (see Annex B). With regard to technical inquiries made concerni
16、ng AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standardsmay be rendered. However, such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them.These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or inter-preta
17、tions of AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS C2 Committee on Thermal Spraying. It must be reviewedevery five years, and if not revised, it must be either reappro
18、ved or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions,or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are required and should be addressed toAWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS C2 Committee on Thermal Sprayingand the autho
19、r of the comments will be informed of the Committees response to the comments. Guests are invited toattend all meetings of the AWS C2 Committee on Thermal Spraying to express their comments verbally. Procedures forappeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules o
20、f Operation of the TechnicalActivities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeuneRoad, Miami, FL 33126.Photocopy RightsAuthorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only, or the internal, personal, ored
21、ucational classroom use only of specific clients, is granted by the American Welding Society (AWS) provided that theappropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: 978-750-8400;online: http:/.iiiPersonnelAWS C2 Committee on Thermal SprayingE. F.
22、 Rybicki, Chair The University of TulsaT. Call, 1st Vice Chair Power Spray, IncorporatedM. Bhusari, 2nd Vice Chair Praxair Surface TechnologiesE. F. Mitchell, Secretary American Welding SocietyC. C. Berndt State University of New York at Stony BrookM. Allan Brookhaven National LabR. S. Brunhouse, Jr
23、. A ANSI Z49.1,Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes; andNFPA 58, Standard for the Storage and Handling ofLiquefied Petroleum Gases. Read and follow safety pre-cautions in the manufacturers equipment technicalinstructions and manuals and the feedstock MaterialSafety Data Sheet (MSDS).This
24、 specification makes use of both U.S. CustomaryUnits and the International System of Units (SI). Themeasurements are not exact equivalents; therefore eachsystem must be used independently of the other withoutcombining in any way. The specification with the desig-nation C2.20 uses U.S. Customary Unit
25、s. The specifi-cation C2.20M uses SI Units. The latter are shown inappropriate columns in tables or within parentheses ( )when used in the text. Suitable conversions encompass-ing standard sizes of both can be made, however, if ap-propriate tolerances are applied in each case.For the purposes of det
26、ermining conformance withthis specification, an observed or calculated value shallbe rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand placeof figures used in expressing the limiting values inaccordance with the rounding-off method given inASTM E 29, Standard Practice for Using SignificantDigits in
27、 Test Data to Determine Conformance withSpecifications.2. Referenced Standards and PracticesThe following standards contain provisions which,through reference in this text, constitute provisions ofthis AWS Standard. For dated references, subsequentamendments to, or revisions of, any of these publica
28、tionsdo not apply. However, parties to agreements based onthis AWS Standard are encouraged to investigate the pos-sibility of applying the most recent editions of the docu-ments shown below. For undated references, the latestedition of the standard referred to applies.(1) ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Weldi
29、ng, Cutting, andAllied Processes.1(2) AWS Thermal Spraying: Practice, Theory, andApplication.1(3) AWS C2.16/C2.16M:2002, Guide for Thermal-Spray Operator Qualification.(4) AWS C2.18, SSPC 2300, and NACE TPC, Guidefor the Application of Thermal Spray Coatings (Metalliz-ing) of Aluminum, Zinc, and The
30、ir Alloys and Compos-ites for the Corrosion Protection of Steel, in preparation.(5) AWS C2.21, Specification for Thermal SprayEquipment Acceptance Inspection, in preparation.1. AWS and ANSI standards can be obtained from GlobalEngineering, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, CO 80112-5776. Telephones:
31、 (800) 854-7179, (303) 397-2740; fax (303)397-2740; Internet: .Specification for Thermal Spraying Zinc Anodeson Steel Reinforced ConcreteAWS C2.20/C2.20M:20022(6) AWS C2.23, NACE TG 146, and SSPC CS 2300,Specification for the Application of Thermal SprayCoatings (Metallizing) of Aluminum, Zinc, and
32、Their Al-loys and Composites for the Corrosion Protection ofSteel, Part A: Specification, in preparation.(7) AWS C2.25/C2.25M, Specification for ThermalSpray FeedstockSolid and Composite Wires and CeramicRods.(8) ASTM E 29, Standard Practice for Using Signifi-cant Digits in Test Data to Determine Co
33、nformance withSpecifications.2(9) ASTM B 833-93, Standard Specification for ZincWire for Thermal Spraying (Metallizing).(10) ASTM C 633, Standard Test Method for Adhesionor Cohesive Strength of Flame Sprayed Coatings.(11) ASTM D 1186, Method for Nondestructive Mea-surement of Dry Film Thickness of N
34、on-Magnetic Coat-ings Applied to a Ferrous Substrate.2. ASTM standards can be obtained from American Society ofTesting and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Consho-hocken, PA 19428-2959.(12) ASTM D 1400, Test Method for NondestructiveMeasurement of Dry Film Thickness of NonconductiveCoatings Ap
35、plied to a Nonferrous Base.(13) ASTM D 4258, Standard Practice for SurfaceCleaning Concrete for Coating.(14) ASTM D 4259, Standard Practice for AbradingConcrete.(15) ASTM D 4285, Standard Test Method for Indicat-ing Oil or Water in Compressed Air.(16) ASTM D 4417, Test Methods for Field Measure-ment
36、 of Surface Profile of Blasted Steel.(17) ASTM D 4541, Standard Test for Pull-OffStrength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers.(18) CGA G-1.1, Commodity Specification forAcetylene.3(19) CGA G-4.3, Commodity Specification forOxygen.3. CGA standards can be obtained from The Compressed GasAssoci
37、ation, Inc., Crystal Gateway 1, Suite 501, 1235 JeffersonDavis Highway, Arlington, VA 22202.Figure 1Process Flow Chart for the Application ofZinc Thermal Spray Coatings on Reinforced ConcreteSURFACEPREPARATIONTHERMAL SPRAY EQUIPMENT SETUPEXECUTETHERMALSPRAYINGSEQUENCEEND ITEMINSPECTIONSECTION 8.1 SE
38、CTION 8.2.2 SECTION 8.2.5 TABLE 1DEBRIS AND CONTAMINATION REMOVALCLEAN AND DRY AIRBLAST MEDIA QUALITY LOOSE CONCRETEREMOVED. NEAR-WHITE BLAST(METAL) AND ANGULARPROFILE ON REBAR.SPRAYPARAMETERSBENDTESTIN-SITUADHESION ON CONCRETESPRAY PERPENDICULAR 45AT SPECIFIED STANDOFFMAINTAIN THICKNESS PER PASSUSI
39、NG CROSSING PASSESNO DEGRADED TSCTOTAL TSC THICKNESS AND BONDPER SAMPLING SCHEDULEPRODUCTION OPERATION QUALITY CONTROL CHECKPOINTAWS C2.20/C2.20M:20023(20) NACE RP0287, Field Measurement of Surface Pro-file of Abrasive Blast Cleaned Steel Using a Replica Tape.4(21) NFPA 58, Standard for the Storage
40、and Handlingof Liquefied Petroleum Gases.5(22) SSPC 2300 (I), Specification for the Applicationof Thermal Spray Coatings (Metallizing) of Aluminum,Zinc, and Their Alloys and Composites for the CorrosionProtection of Steel.64. NACE standards can be obtained from NACE International,1440 S. Creek Drive
41、, Houston, TX 77084-4906.5. NFPA standards can be obtained from National Fire Protec-tion Association One Battery Park, Quincy, MA 02269-9101.6. SSPC standards can be obtained from Society of ProtectiveCoatings (SSPC), 40 24th Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656.(23) SSPC-PA 2, Measurement of Dry Coat
42、ing Thick-ness with Magnetic Gages.(24) SSPC-PA 10/NACE 2-2000, Near White MetalBlast Cleaning.(25) SSPC-Vis 1, Visual Standard for Abrasive BlastCleaning Steel.Federal Specifications7(1) BB-A-106, Acetylene, Technical, Dissolved.(2) BB-O-925, Oxygen, Technical, Gas and Liquid.7. Federal Standards c
43、an be obtained from Superintendent ofDocuments, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC20402.Table 1Inspection and Acceptance TestsJob Element Criteria Schedule Test MethodSurface PreparationBlasting Air Clean dry air At daily startup or as otherwise requiredASTM D 4285Blasting Media Clean bl
44、asting media per the test for oil in the appropriate abrasive specification. No oil film or finesEach Section 30 min.prior to thermal sprayingASTM D 4940Concrete Surface Finish Clean with no visible oil, grease, dirt, moistureEach Section 30 min.prior to thermal sprayingVisual and 10x magnificationE
45、xposed Rebar Surface Finish Finish per SSPC 10/NACE 2 (near-white)Each Section 30 min.prior to thermal sprayingVisual and 10x magnificationAnchor-ToothProfileAs mutually agreed by Purchaser and Contractor.The profile depth shall be that which is created when blasting to meet the concrete surface-fin
46、ish requirementAs specified by thecontractASTM D 4417, Method C or NACE RP0287Zinc Thermal SprayingTSC Thickness On Concrete 0.0100.020 in. (250500 mm) or as specified by the contractAs specified by thecontractASTM D 1400 or ultrasonic gage calibrated for concreteOn Rebar SSPC-PA 2TSC Tensile Bond o
47、n Concrete 150 psi (1.0 MPa) or as specified by the contractAs specified by thecontractASTM D 4541 using portable adhesion tester specified in the contractTSC SurfaceTexture and PorosityTexture Comparable to Job Reference StandardAs specified by thecontractTexture: VisualPorosity Porosity: Metallogr
48、aphic examination of companion couponAWS C2.20/C2.20M:200243. DefinitionsThe following definitions are used in this publication.anode. The electrode of an electrochemical cell at whichoxidation occurs. Electrons flow away from the anodein the external circuit. Corrosion usually occurs andmetal ions
49、enter the solution at the anode.cathode. The electrode of an electrochemical cell atwhich reduction is the principal reaction. Electronsflow toward the cathode in the external circuit.cathodic protection. A technique to reduce the corro-sion of a metal surface by making that surface thecathode of an electrochemical cell.electrolyte. A chemical substance containing ions thatmigrate in an electric field.feathering. Reducing the thickness of an edge of a coat-ing, e.g., by masking or simultaneously increasingtraverse speed and standoff distance of t
