1、AWWA Standard SM Nylon-11-Based Polyamide Coatings and Linings for Steel Water Pipe and Fittings Effective date: May 1, 2017. First edition approved by AWWA Board of Directors June 17, 2001. This edition approved Jan. 14, 2017. Approved by American National Standards Institute Jan. 3, 2017. ANSI/AWW
2、A C224-17 (Revision of ANSI/AWWA C224-11)ii AWWA Standard This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard. It is not a specification. AWWA standards describe minimum requirements and do not contain all of the engineering and administrative information normally contained in speci
3、fications. The AWWA standards usually contain options that must be evaluated by the user of the standard. Until each optional feature is specified by the user, the product or service is not fully defined. AWWA pub- lication of a standard does not constitute endorsement of any product or product type
4、, nor does AWWA test, certify, or approve any product. The use of AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. This standard does not supersede or take precedence over or displace any applicable law, regulation, or code of any governmental authority. AWWA standards are intended to represent a consensus of
5、the water industry that the product described will provide satisfactory ser- vice. When AWWA revises or withdraws this standard, an official notice of action will be placed on the first page of the Official Notice section of Journal American Water Works Association. The action becomes effective on t
6、he first day of the month following the month of Journal American Water Works Association publication of the official notice. American National Standard An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is
7、intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether that person has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or
8、 proce - dures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review, and users are cau- tioned to obtain the latest editions. Producers of goods made in conformity with an American National Standard are encouraged to state on their own responsibility in advertis
9、ing and promotional materials or on tags or labels that the goods are produced in conformity with particular American National Standards. Caution n oti Ce : The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover of this standard indicates completion of the ANSI approval pr
10、ocess. This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. ANSI procedures require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information
11、 on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036; 212.642.4900; or emailing infoansi.org. hours of work by your fellow water professionals. Revenue from the sales of this AWWA material supports ongoing product de
12、velopment. Unauthorized distribution, either electronic or photocopied, is illegal and hinders AWWAs mission to support the water community. This AWWA content is the product of thousands of ISBN-13, print: 978-1-62576-215-3 eISBN-13, electronic: 978-1-61300-415-9DOI: http:/dx.doi.org/10.12999/AWWA.C
13、224.17 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information or retrieval system, except in the form of brief excerpts or quotations for review purposes, without the
14、written permission of the publisher. Copyright 2017 by American Water Works Association Printed in USAiii Committee Personnel The Steel Water Pipe Manufacturers Technical Advisory Committee (SWPMTAC) Task Group on C224, which reviewed and revised this edition, had the following personnel at the time
15、: Stephen Serpe, Chair Ashley Fletcher, Vice-Chair A. Fletcher, Steel Mains Pty. Ltd., Victoria, Australia (AWWA) G. Larsen, Smith-Blair, Texarkana, Texas (AWWA) B. Murphy, Sherman-Williams Company, Villaneuva, N.M. (AWWA) V. ODea, Tnemec Company Inc., Kansas City, Kan. (AWWA) S. Serpe, Arkema Inc.,
16、 King of Prussia, Pa. (AWWA) G. Tate, Viking Johnson, Hitchen, U.K. (AWWA) J.A. Wise, Canus, International Sales Inc., Surrey, B.C., Canada (AWWA) The AWWA Standards Committee on Steel Pipe, which reviewed and approved this standard, had the following personnel at the time of approval: John H. Bambe
17、i Jr., Chair Dennis A. Dechant, Vice-Chair John L. Luka, Secretary General Interest Members J.H. Bambei Jr., Bambei Engineering Services, Arvada, Colo. (AWWA) W.R. Brunzell, Brunzell Associates Ltd., Skokie, Ill. (AWWA) R.J. Card, Lockwood, Andrews & Newnam Inc., Houston, Texas (AWWA) R.L. Coffey, H
18、DR Engineering Inc., Omaha, Neb. (AWWA) S.N. Foellmi, Black & Veatch Corporation, Irvine, Calif. (AWWA) R.L. Gibson, Freese and Nichols Inc., Fort Worth, Texas (AWWA) M.D. Gossett,* HDR Engineering Inc., Denver, Colo. (AWWA) M.B. Horsley,* Horsley Engineering LLC, Overland Park, Kan. (AWWA) R. Issa,
19、* AECOM, McKinney, Texas (AWWA) R.A. Kufaas, Norske Corrosion & Inspection Services Ltd., Surrey, B.C., Canada (AWWA) J.L. Mattson, Corrosion Control Technologies, Sandy, Utah (AWWA) A. Murdock, CH2M, Salt Lake City, Utah (AWWA) * Alternateiv R. Ortega,* Lockwood, Andrews & Newnam Inc., Houston, Tex
20、as (AWWA) E.S. Ralph, Standards Engineer Liaison, AWWA, Denver, Colo. (AWWA) A.E. Romer, AECOM, Orange, Calif. (AWWA) J.R. Snow, MWH Americas, Denver, Colo. (AWWA) W.R. Whidden, Woolpert, Winter Park, Fla. (AWWA) Producer Members D.W. Angell, Standards Council Liaison, American Flow Control, Birming
21、ham, Ala. (AWWA) S.A. Arnaout, Forterra Pressure Pipe, Dallas, Texas (AWWA) H.H. Bardakjian, Consultant, Glendale, Calif. (AWWA) D. Dechant, Dechant Infrastructure Service, Aurora, Colo. (AWWA) V. DeGrande,* Ameron Water Transmission Group, Rancho Cucamonga, Calif. (AWWA) W.B. Geyer, Steel Plate Fab
22、ricators Associates, Lake Zurich, Ill. (AWWA) B.D. Keil, Northwest Pipe Company, Draper, Utah (AWWA) J.L. Luka, American SpiralWeld Pipe Company, Columbia, S.C. (AWWA) R.D. Mielke,* Northwest Pipe Company, Raleigh, N.C. (AWWA) J. Olmos, Ameron International, Rancho Cucamonga, Calif. (AWWA) G.F. Ruch
23、ti,* Consultant, Punta Gorda, Fla. (AWWA) B.P. Simpson,* American Cast Iron Pipe Company, Birmingham, Ala. (AWWA) C.C. Sundberg, Victaulic, Issaquah, Wash. (AWWA) D. Walker, Avid Protective Products LTD/Tnemec Company, Oakville, Ont., Canada (AWWA) J.A. Wise, Canus International Sales Inc., Surrey,
24、B.C., Canada (AWWA) User Members L. Adams, US Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colo. (AWWA) G.A. Andersen, New York City Bureau of Water Supply, Little Neck, N.Y. (AWWA) B. Cheng, Metro Vancouver, Burnaby, B.C., Canada (AWWA) M.E. Conner, San Diego County Water Authority, San Diego, Calif. (AWWA) S. H
25、attan, Tarrant Regional Water District, Fort Worth, Texas (AWWA) P.K. Karna, Tacoma Water, Tacoma, Wash. (AWWA) T.J. Jordan,* Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, LaVerne, Calif. (AWWA) M. McReynolds, Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, Oak Park, Calif. (AWWA) M. Turne
26、y,* Denver Water, Denver, Colo. (AWWA) N.A. Wigner, Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, Los Angeles, Calif. (AWWA) * Alternate Liaison, nonvotingv Contents All AWWA standards follow the general format indicated subsequently. Some variations from this format may be found in a particular standa
27、rd. SEC. PAGE SEC. PAGE Foreword I Introduction vii I.A Background . vii I.B History vii I.C Acceptance vii II Special Issues ix II.A Advisory Information on Material Application . ix III Use of This Standard ix III.A Purchaser Options and Alternatives ix III.B Modification to Standard . ix IV Major
28、 Revisions . x V Comments x Standard 1 General 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Purpose . 2 1.3 Application 2 2 References 2 3 Definitions . 3 4 Requirements 4.1 Equipment 4 4.2 Materials and Workmanship . 4 4.3 Primer . 5 4.4 Polyamide Powder . 5 4.5 Polyamide system application 6 4.6 Field Procedures 10 5 Verifica
29、tion 5.1 Polyamide System Materials Prequalification . 10 5.2 Requirements of Coating and Lining Systems . 11 5.3 Quality Assurance and Records . 12 5.4 Inspection and Testing by the Purchaser 12 5.5 Quality Control Requirements of Applied Polyamide Systems . 12 5.6 Rejection . 13 6 Delivery 6.1 Mar
30、king 14 6.2 Packaging and Shipping 14 6.3 Affidavit of Compliance 14 Tables 1 Properties of Polyamide Powder Materials . 5 2 Prequalification Requirements of Polyamide System 6 3 Quality Control Requirements of Applied Polyamide System. 6This page intentionally blank.vii Foreword This foreword is fo
31、r information only and is not a part of ANSI*/AWWA C224. I. Introduction. I.A. Background. Polyamide (Nylon-11-based) coatings and linings are thermoplastics. T ypically, they are placed by applying dry polyamide powder (ordinarily in a controlled plant environment, by any of several techniques, e.g
32、., electrostatic spray, immersion in a fluidized bed, spray onto preheated article, or rotocoating) onto steel surfaces previously primed with a thin layer of epoxy primer (note that other primers may be used, as appropriate). When treated at the appropriate temperature, the dry polyamide powder mel
33、ts to form a uniform, continuous polyamide layer on the steel surface. Simultaneously during this thermal treatment, chemical reactions occur between the steel surface and epoxy and between epoxy and polyamide. These chemical reactions provide for bonding between the polyamide and steel surface. The
34、 first commercial use of polyamide systems for the protection (from corrosion) of steel used in water-handling applications was in West Germany in 1970. Regard- ing the United States, it is believed that first use was in 1985. However, prior to this, polyamide systems had been used in 1983 for the p
35、rotection of the interior of steel pip- ing used in the petroleum industry. Currently, the use of polyamides to protect steel has grown to include many types of articles (both interiors and exteriors) in a variety of industries, such as oil and natural gas exploration and production, and water and w
36、astewater handling. Polyamide systems also can be used to protect accessory steel articles, such as pumps, valves, couplers, and flowmeters. I.B. History. C224-01 was the first standard specifically concerning polyamide coating and lining systems. However, it is noted that polyamide-based systems ha
37、ve been used according to ANSI/AWWA Standard C550-01. The second edition of C224 was approved by the AWWA Board of Directors on Feb. 12, 2006. The third edition was approved on June 12, 2011. This edition was approved on Jan. 14, 2017. I.C. Acceptance. In May 1985, the US Environmental Protection Ag
38、ency (USEPA) entered into a cooperative agreement with a consortium led by NSF International (NSF) to develop voluntary third-party consensus standards and a certification program for direct and indirect drinking water additives. Other members of the original consortium included the Water Research F
39、oundation (formerly AwwaRF) * American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036.viii and the Conference of State Health and Environmental Managers (COSHEM). The American Water Works Association (AWWA) and the Association of State Drinking Water Administrato
40、rs (ASDWA) joined later. In the United States, authority to regulate products for use in, or in contact with, drinking water rests with individual states.* Local agencies may choose to impose requirements more stringent than those required by the state. To evaluate the health effects of products and
41、 drinking water additives from such products, state and local agencies may use various references, including 1. Specific policies of the state or local agency. 2. Two standards developed under the direction of NSF: NSF/ANSI 60, Drinking Water Treatment ChemicalsHealth Effects, and NSF/ANSI 61, Drink
42、ing Water System ComponentsHealth Effects. 3. Other references, including AWWA standards, Food Chemicals Codex, Water Chemicals Codex, and other standards considered appropriate by the state or local agency. Various certification organizations may be involved in certifying products in accor- dance w
43、ith NSF/ANSI 61. Individual states or local agencies have authority to accept or accredit certification organizations within their jurisdictions. Accreditation of certi- fication organizations may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Annex A, “Toxicology Review and Evaluation Procedures,” to NSF/
44、ANSI 61 does not stipulate a maximum allowable level (MAL) of a contaminant for substances not regulated by a USEPA final maximum contaminant level (MCL). The MALs of an unspecified list of “unregulated contaminants” are based on toxicity testing guidelines (noncarcinogens) and risk characterization
45、 methodology (carcinogens). Use of Annex A procedures may not always be identical, depending on the certifier. ANSI/AWWA C224 does not address additives requirements. Thus, users of this standard should consult the appropriate state or local agency having jurisdiction in order to 1. Determine additi
46、ves requirements, including applicable standards. 2. Determine the status of certifications by parties offering to certify products for contact with, or treatment of, drinking water. 3. Determine current information on product certification. * Persons outside the United States should contact the app
47、ropriate authority having jurisdiction. NSF International, 789 North Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105. Both publications available from National Academy of Sciences, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20001.ix II. Special Issues. II.A. Advisory Information on Material Application. This standard d
48、efines the use of polyamide systems for the lining and coating of steel articles used for water handling in the following environments: aboveground, belowground, or underwaterunder normal conditions. Also, this standard describes the quality of polyamide systems needed to produce long-term performan
49、cein particular, long- term corrosion protection. Normal conditions are defined as those conditions specified by the polyamide system manufacturer (see Section 3) that are known beforehand not to adversely affect polyamide systems. III. Use of This Standard. It is the responsibility of the user of an AWWA standard to determine that the products described in that standard are suitable for use in the particular application being considered. III.A. Purchaser Options and Alternatives. The following items should be provided by the purchaser: 1. Standard usedthat is, ANSI/
