AWWA D104-2011 Automatically Controlled Impressed-Current Cathodic Protection for the Interior Submerged Surfaces of Steel Water Storage Tanks.pdf

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1、 ANSI/AWWA D104-11 (Revision of ANSI/AWWA D104-04) AWWA Standard Effective date: March 1, 2011. First edition approved by AWWA Board of Directors Jan. 27, 1991. This edition approved Jan. 23, 2011. Approved by American National Standards Institute Dec. 16, 2010. 6666 West Quincy Avenue Advocacy Denv

2、er, CO 80235-3098 Communications T 800.926.7337 Conferences www.awwa.org Education and TrainingScience and TechnologySections The Authoritative Resource on Safe Water Automatically Controlled, Impressed-Current Cathodic Protection for the Interior Submerged Surfaces of Steel Water Storage Tanks SM C

3、opyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. ii AWWA Standard This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard. It is not a specification. AWWA standards describe minimum requirements and do not contain all of the engineering and administrative information

4、 normally contained in specifi- cations. The AWWA standards usually contain options that must be evaluated by the user of the standard. Until each optional feature is specified by the user, the product or service is not fully defined. AWWA publication of a standard does not constitute endorsement of

5、 any product or product type, nor does AWWA test, certify, or approve any product. The use of AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. This standard does not supersede or take precedence over or displace any applicable law, regulation, or codes of any governmental authority. AWWA standards are intended

6、 to represent a consensus of the water supply industry that the product described will provide satisfactory service. When AWWA revises or withdraws this standard, an official notice of action will be placed on the first page of the classified advertising section of Journal AWWA. The action becomes e

7、ffective on the first day of the month following the month of Journal AWWA publication of the official notice. American National Standard An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a g

8、uide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether that person has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not

9、 conforming to the standard. Ameri- can National Standards are subject to periodic review, and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. Producers of goods made in conformity with an American National Standard are encouraged to state on their own responsibility in advertising and promotiona

10、l materials or on tags or labels that the goods are produced in conformity with particular American National Standards. Caution n oti Ce : The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover of this standard indicates completion of the ANSI approval process. This Americ

11、an National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. ANSI procedures require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards

12、by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036; (212) 642-4900, or e-mailing infoansi.org. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,

13、including photocopy, recording, or any information or retrieval system, except in the form of brief excerpts or quotations for review purposes, without the written permission of the publisher. Copyright 2011 by American Water Works Association Printed in USA Copyright 2011 American Water Works Assoc

14、iation. All Rights Reserved. iii Committee Personnel The AWWA Cathodic Protection Task Force, which developed this standard, had the following personnel at the time: David H. Kroon, Chair R.A. Aboyure, Engineered Storage Products Company, Dekalb, Ill. (AWWA) L. Barrett, Gibsonia, Pa. (AWWA) J.R. Con

15、rady, Conrady Consultant Services, Wilsonville, Ala. (AWWA) C.W. Dessens, City of Houston, Houston, Texas (AWWA) R.V.D. Field, Engineered Storage Products Company, DeKalb, Ill. (AWWA) M. Fogata, California Corrosion Specialists, San Diego, Calif. (AWWA) R.A. Gummow, Correng Consulting Services, Down

16、sview, Ont. (AWWA) R.J. Kochilla, City of Cleveland, Parma, Ohio (AWWA) D.H. Kroon, Corrpro Companies Inc., Houston, Texas (AWWA) J. Rog, Corrpro Waterworks, Medina, Ohio (AWWA) L.D. Scott, CB however, the combination of coatings and cathodic protection may be more economical and effective than usin

17、g coatings or cathodic protection alone. II.B. Cathodic Protection. The two major components of an automatically controlled, impressed-current cathodic protection system are the direct current (DC) power supply controller (rectifier) and the anode system. The range of output current capacity require

18、d for an automatically controlled rectifier in a specific application is determined by assuming the area of submerged, bare steel to be protected when the interior tank coating is new and when the interior coating has deteriorated to the point where recoating is necessary. In potable water, current

19、density requirements can range from 0.5 to 5.0 mA/ft 2(5.4 to 53.8 mA/m 2 ) of bare steel surface. Applications involving turbulence, high temperature, or both may require higher current densities. For newly coated tanks, the total current requirement may be as little as 1 percent of the current req

20、uired to protect an uncoated surface. As a rule, rectifiers for newly coated tanks should have sufficient current capacity to protect the anticipated bare submerged surface area before coating repair or replacement. The required operating voltage of a rectifier for a specific tank depends on the cur

21、rent required to provide adequate protection and the total circuit resistance of the system. Automatically controlled rectifier systems should be used for cathodic protection of water storage tanks. Automatically controlled systems use one or more long-life refer- ence electrodes to monitor the prot

22、ection levels maintained on the submerged surfaces. The reference electrode continuously monitors the tank-to-water potential, free of IR (voltage) drop error. IR drop must be eliminated or minimized to accurately determine the voltage between the tank and the reference electrode submerged in the ta

23、nk. The controller instantaneously interrupts the flow of cathodic protection current, providing an IR drop-free measurement, which closely approximates the polarized potential. The controller compares the measured tank-to-water potential to a preset value and auto- matically adjusts the current output of the rectifier. Automatic units include a tank-to- water potential monitoring meter, which can be easily checked by the purchaser. Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

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