1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58against larvae of Anobium punctatum (De Geer) (laboratory method)The European Standard EN 48:2005 h
2、as the status of a British StandardICS 71.100.50Wood preservatives Determination of eradicant action BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 48:2005BS EN 48:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 5 December 2005 BSI 5 December 2005ISBN 0 580 46501
3、 2request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the B
4、SI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pa
5、gesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 26, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsA list of
6、organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in t
7、he UK.National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 48:2005. It supersedes BS 5436:1989 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/515, Wood preservation, to Subcommittee B/515/1, Preservative precondition
8、ing and biological testing, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text;EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 48 April 2005 ICS 71.100.50 Supersedes EN 48:1988 English version Wood preservatives - Determination of eradicant action against larvae of Anobium pu
9、nctatum (De Geer) (laboratory method) Produits de prservation des bois - Dtermination de laction curative contre les larves dAnobium punctatum (De Geer) (Mthode de laboratoire) Holzschutzmittel - Bestimmung der bekmpfenden Wirkung gegenber Larven von Anobium punctatum (De Geer) (Laboratoriumsverfahr
10、en) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 March 2005. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical re
11、ferences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member
12、 into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithua
13、nia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All r
14、ights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 48:2005: EEN 48:2005 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 5 2 Normative reference 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Principle5 5 Test material.6 6 Sampling.8 7 Test specimens8 8 Procedure .10 9
15、Expression of results 14 10 Test report 14 Annex A (informative) Example of a test report .16 Annex B (informative) Differentiation of the heartwood and sapwood in Pinus species 20 Annex C (informative) Precautions against mite infestation 21 Annex D (informative) Culturing technique for Anobium pun
16、ctatum 22 Annex E (informative) Environmental, health and safety precautions within chemical/biological laboratory .25 Bibliography 26 EN 48:2005 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 48:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 38 “Durability of wood and wood-based products”, the secretariat
17、 of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2005. This document superse
18、des EN 48:1988. Significant technical differences between this document and EN 48:1988 are as follows: a) introduction of a new harmonised specification for the test specimens used in the diverse biological tests; b) acknowledgement of the terms given in EN 1001-1; c) introduction of an informative
19、Annex to take account of consideration for minimisation of environmental and health hazards caused by the use of this biological test. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Aus
20、tria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 48:2005 (E) 4 Introduction T
21、his document describes a laboratory method of testing which gives a basis for the assessment of the eradicant action of a wood preservative against Anobium punctatum. It allows the determination of the lethal effect of a surface application of the preservative on a population of larvae already estab
22、lished in the test specimens. The method simulates conditions in practice where a length of wood such as an affected stair tread is treated, which is still free from exit holes and in which certain of the faces are inaccessible, thus constituting severe test conditions. This laboratory method provid
23、es one criterion by which the value of a product can be assessed. In making this assessment the methods by which the preservative may be applied should be taken into account. It is further recommended that results from this test should be supplemented by those from other appropriate tests, and above
24、 all by comparison with practical experience. When products which are very active at low concentrations are used it is very important to take suitable precautions to isolate and separate, as far as possible, operations involving chemical products, other products, treated wood, laboratory apparatus a
25、nd clothing. Suitable precautions should include the use of separate rooms, areas within rooms, extraction facilities, conditioning chambers and special training for personnel. (see also Annex E for environmental, health and safety precautions). . EN 48:2005 (E) 5 1 Scope This document specifies a m
26、ethod for the determination of the eradicant action of a wood preservative against the larvae of Anobium punctatum (De Geer). This method is applicable to: organic formulations, as supplied or as prepared in the laboratory by dilution of concentrates; or organic water-dispersible formulations as sup
27、plied or as prepared in the laboratory by dilution of concentrates; or water-soluble materials, for example. 2 Normative references The following referenced document is indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, t
28、he latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 representative sa
29、mple sample having its physical or chemical characteristics identical to the volumetric average characteristics of the total volume being sampled 3.2 supplier sponsor of the test (person or company providing the sample of wood preservative to be tested) 4 Principle Insertion of larvae of Anobium pun
30、ctatum into one or more sets of test specimens of a susceptible wood species. After establishing the larvae, treatment of these test specimens by brushing or spreading of the preservative. After the time necessary for the preservative to take effect, estimation of the mortality of the larvae compare
31、d with that in untreated control test specimens. EN 48:2005 (E) 6 5 Test material 5.1 Biological material 5.1.1 General Anobium punctatum (De Geer) larvae. 5.1.2 Source of larvae Obtain the larvae from cultures reared as described in Annex D. Cut up this wood and extract the larvae in an area separa
32、te from the test environments (5.3.1 to 5.3.3) so as to avoid the risk of introducing mites. Prepare the storage blocks from Scots pine sapwood of dimensions (50 x 25 x 15) mm, each with 10 evenly spaced holes (see 8.1) drilled into one of the wide longitudinal faces with the drill (5.3.4). Before i
33、nserting the larvae into the storage blocks, keep them overnight in small glass receptacles. Then sort the larvae into small, medium and large sizes. Do not use the large larvae, with a mass greater than 5 mg, for this test1). The larvae shall be distributed as evenly as possible according to their
34、mass. For example, for a single test the 216 larvae shall be distributed in 18 groups each of 12 larvae; the mean mass of the larvae in each group shall be approximately 3,5 mg2). Examine all the other larvae under a binocular microscope and destroy those which are damaged or infested with mites, ke
35、eping only those that are in perfect condition. Insert the small and medium larvae into separate sets of storage blocks, placing each larva head first into a drilled hole. Keep these filled storage blocks, holes uppermost, in glass containers covered with filter paper fixed with adhesive. Keep the l
36、arvae in the storage blocks in the culturing chamber (5.3.1) for not less than 2 months before using them in a test. 5.1.3 Provision of larvae Carefully split the storage blocks, extract the larvae and examine them under a binocular microscope. Destroy any larvae that show injury or mite infestation
37、, or that do not respond by movement when touched. It is particularly important to avoid including mite-infested larvae (see Annex C). Keep those larvae that are between 2 mg and 5 mg1)in mass and in perfect condition overnight, separate from another, in clean receptacles in the culturing chamber (5
38、.3.1). Then re-examine them, and again reject any which do not show normal movements. 1) Experienced operators can judge the sizes well enough by eye. 2) The mass may be judged by eye by comparison with larvae of known mass. EN 48:2005 (E) 7 5.1.4 Choice of larvae The larvae used in the test shall b
39、e between 2 mg and 5 mg in mass, and the 12 larvae placed in each test specimen shall have a mean mass of approximately 3,5 mg2). The numbers of larvae required are indicated in Table 1. Table 1 Number of larvae and test specimens Type of test specimen Number of preservative concentrations or method
40、s of treatment Number of test specimens Number of larvae Treated test specimen Softwood 1 6 72 2 12 144 3 18 216 Hardwood 1 6 72 2 12 144 3 18 216 Untreated control test specimen Softwood 1 3 36 2 3 6 72 Hardwood 1 3 36 2 3 6 72 Total for one preservative with one concentration and method of treatme
41、nt 216 Total for two preservatives with one concentration and method of treatment 360 Total for three preservatives with one concentration and method of treatment 576 5.2 Products and reagents 5.2.1 Paraffin wax, for sealing the relevant faces of test specimens to be treated with solutions in which
42、water is the continuous phase. NOTE Paraffin wax with a setting range from 52 C to 54 C has been found to be suitable. 5.2.2 Gelatin, for sealing the relevant faces of test specimens to be treated with solutions in which an organic solvent is the continuous phase. 5.2.3 Water, complying with grade 3
43、 of EN ISO 3696. 5.3 Apparatus 5.3.1 Culturing chamber, with air circulation, controlled at (21 2) C, and at relative humidity (80 5) %. 5.3.2 Laboratory work area, well ventilated, where treatment of the test specimens is carried out. CAUTION It is essential to follow safety procedures for handling
44、 flammable and toxic materials. Avoid excessive exposure of operators to solvents or their vapours. EN 48:2005 (E) 8 5.3.3 Testing chamber, with conditions identical to those of the culturing chamber (see 5.3.1). 5.3.4 Drill, provided with a bit capable of drilling cylindrical or conical holes as sp
45、ecified in 8.1. 5.3.5 Safety equipment and protective clothing, appropriate for the test product and the test solvent, to ensure the safety of the operator. 5.3.6 Ordinary laboratory equipment, including two balances capable of weighing to an accuracy of 0,01 g. 5.3.7 X-ray apparatus, (optional) wit
46、h tungsten target and beryllium window, with voltage and current continuously variable in the ranges: voltage: 10 kV to 50 kV; current: 0 mA to 15 mA. 5.3.8 Protective gloves 6 Sampling The sample of preservative shall be representative of the product to be tested. Samples shall be stored and handle
47、d in accordance with any written recommendations from the supplier. NOTE For the sampling of preservatives from bulk supplies, the procedure given in EN 212 should be used. 7 Test specimens 7.1 Species of wood The reference species are: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris Linnaeus); beech (Fagus sylvatica
48、Linnaeus). NOTE Additional tests may be carried out using other species but if so, this should be stated in the test report. 7.2 Quality of wood Use only sound wood, straight-grained without knots. For Scots pine only, sapwood with a low resin content shall be used and for beech, wood free from red-
49、heart. Cut the test specimens from wood of average growth rate (2,5 to 8 annual rings per 10 mm for pine, 2 to 6 annual rings per 10 mm for beech). The proportion of summer wood in the annual rings shall not exceed 30 % of the whole in the case of pine. The wood shall neither have been floated nor subjected to any chemical or heat treatment3). It shall be air dried and shall not have been stored for more than 5 years. 3) Gentle artificial drying at below 60 C is, however, permitted. EN 48:2005 (E)
