1、BS EN 14865-1:2009ICS 45.040; 75.100NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDRailway Applications Axlebox lubricating greasesPart 1: Method to test the ability to lubricateLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 15/01/2010 01:42, Uncontroll
2、ed Copy, (c) BSIThis British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 58028 4Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 14865-1:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implem
3、entation of EN 14865-1:2009.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee RAE/3/-/2, Rolling bearings and lubricants.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.“Normative“ - A (mandatory) requirement defined as an “e
4、xpression inthe content of a document conveying criteria to be fulfilled if compliancewith the document is to be claimed and from which no deviation ispermitted“ CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, Part 3: Rules for theStructure and Drafting of European Standards (PNE-Rules).“Informative“ - Informatio
5、n (not mandatory) intended to assist theunderstanding or use of the document. Informativve annexes shall notcontain requirements, except as optional requirements. (For example, atest method that is optional may contain requirements but there is noneed to comply with these requirements to claim compl
6、iance with thedocument.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 15/
7、01/2010 01:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 14865-1:2009EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 14865-1March 2009ICS 45.040; 75.100English VersionRailway Applications - Axlebox lubricating greases - Part 1:Method to test the ability to lubricateApplications ferroviaires - Graisses lubri
8、fiantes pour botesdessieux - Partie 1 : Mthode dessai daptitude lubrifierles vhicules circulant des vitesses classiques jusqu200 km/h et les vhicules circulant grande vitesse jusqu300 km/hBahnanwendungen - Schmierfette fr Radsatzlager - Teil 1:Prfung der Schmierfhigkeit von Radsatzlagern vonSchienen
9、fahrzeugen fr normale Geschwindigkeiten bis200 km/h und fr Hochgeschwindigkeitsfahrzeuge bis 300km/hThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 January 2009.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard
10、the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, Germ
11、an). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Repu
12、blic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NOR
13、MALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14865-1:2009: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 15/01/2010 01:42,
14、 Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 14865-1:2009EN 14865-1:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Symbols 7 5 Testing principle 8 6 Reagents and material 8 7 Test equipment 9 7.1 Test rig FE8 9 7.2 Test bearings 9 7.3 Measurin
15、g equipment . 10 8 Grease sampling . 11 9 Testing procedure. 11 9.1 Washing procedure 11 9.2 Assembly . 11 9.3 Running the test 11 10 Evaluation 12 10.1 Recording 12 10.2 Test result 12 11 Precision 13 11.1 General background . 13 11.2 Repeatability 13 11.3 Reproducibility 14 12 Test report . 14 Ann
16、ex A (informative) Maintenance . 15 Annex B (informative) Round Robin test . 16 B.1 Result . 16 B.2 Symbols in the Figures B.1 and B.2 16 B.3 Test data distribution . 17 Annex C (informative) Precision calculation examples 18 C.1 Repeatability example 18 C.2 Reproducibility example 18 Annex ZA (info
17、rmative) Relationship between this European standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2001/16/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 March 2001 on the interoperability of the trans-European conventional rail system, as modified by EU Directive 2004/50/EC of 29 April 200
18、4 19 Bibliography . 21 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 15/01/2010 01:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 14865-1:2009EN 14865-1:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14865-1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway Applications”, the secretariat of wh
19、ich is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2009. Attention is drawn to the
20、 possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI by the European Commission a
21、nd the European Free Trade Association to support Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2001/16, as modified by EU Directive 2004/50. For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This series of standards EN 14865 “Railway applications Ax
22、lebox lubricating greases“ consists of the following parts: Part 1: Method to test the ability to lubricate; Part 2: Method to test the mechanical stability to cover vehicle speeds up to 200 km/h. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followin
23、g countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sloveni
24、a, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 15/01/2010 01:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 14865-1:2009EN 14865-1:2009 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard standardizes a test method and acceptance criteria for the demand in EN
25、 12081 for testing the ability of greases to lubricate axlebox bearings. It addresses the issue of lubricating ability of lubricating greases operating under severe conditions. All lubricants have three main functions: to form a lubricating film that separates rolling elements and raceways, to prote
26、ct the bearing from corrosion and give good longevity. For lubricating greases in axleboxes there is also the demand that the product must keep the lubricating ability, sometimes without relubrication, during very long periods of time under arduous operating and environmental conditions. The testing
27、 procedure in this European Standard is severe and is used to discriminate between lubricating greases of different lubricating ability. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 15/01/2010 01:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 14865-1:2009EN 14865-1:2009 (E) 5 1 Scope This European St
28、andard specifies a testing method and sets the acceptance criteria for the determining of the lubrication ability of lubricating greases intended for the lubrication of axlebox bearings. The lubricating ability, primarily related to the capability of lubricating greases to protect against wear, is d
29、etermined in a roller bearing lubricant test rig. Wear of the rolling bearing rollers, the frictional behaviour and temperature during the test are used to discriminate between lubricating greases. NOTE 1 The testing method is referred to in EN 12081. The method described is carried out in order to
30、test axlebox greases for ordinary-speed vehicles, with speeds up to 200 km/h, and for greases intended for high-speed vehicles, with speeds up to 300 km/h. The method is a discriminating process, and those greases that pass will be subject to more extensive performance tests. NOTE 2 In EN 12082 a mo
31、re extensive rig performance test is described in detail. This rig performance test will check the satisfactory function of the assembly of box housing, bearing, sealing and grease during a simulated journey. For purpose of quality assurance and quality control, this test method is also used for bat
32、ch testing of greases intended for use in axleboxes. For light rail and tramway applications other standards or documents agreed between the customer and the supplier may be applied. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Stan
33、dard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids Manual sampling (ISO 3170:2004) EN ISO 4259:2006, Petroleum products Determination and application of precision da
34、ta in relation to methods of test ISO 5725-1:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 1: General principles and definitions ISO 5725-2:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repea
35、tability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method ISO 5725-6:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 6: Use in practice of accuracy values 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply
36、. 3.1 lubricating grease semi-solid product consisting of a mixture of liquid lubricant thickened with soaps or other thickeners, and may also contain other ingredients, imparting special properties (additives) Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 15/01/2010 01:42, Uncontrolled Cop
37、y, (c) BSIBS EN 14865-1:2009EN 14865-1:2009 (E) 6 3.2 grease lubricating ability lubricating ability of the grease during the stressing duration of the test, see 3.3, determined as the mean rolling elements wear rate from tests with four tapered roller bearings NOTE In the FE8 test, the lubricating
38、ability of grease is determined by wear and not by the service life of the grease. 3.3 stressing duration period of time, t, during which the lubricating grease sample is stressed dynamically and thermally until the test is terminated by the first failure of the test bearings or by the end of the te
39、sting period, see 3.4 3.4 testing period time required for testing, tp, until failure occurs of one of the test bearings or 500 hours if a test run without interruption NOTE For approval, the required time for a test is always 500 hours (plus an initial operation during 24 hours at 750 r/min in the
40、1 500 r/min test). If a bearing will fail earlier, the test is failed. 3.5 frictional moment torque acting as a mechanical resistance to rotation, resulting from bearing friction 3.6 frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement torque, Mr, required for driving the two test bearings, see Figure
41、1, obtained by measuring the force for retaining the bearing housing when the shaft is rotating 3.7 frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at start torque, Mrs, of the test bearing arrangement immediately after starting the test 3.8 run-in period period of time, Ep, from the start of the
42、test until the steady-state is reached NOTE 1 During the run-in period, the grease is distributed and run-in wear occurs. Due to the smoothing of the contacting areas, the ratio of the lubricant film thickness to the sum of the roughness of the contact areas increases, thereby increasing the separat
43、ing effect of the lubricant film. Depending on the smoothing of the contacting surfaces, the frictional moment is continuously reduced during the run-in process. NOTE 2 For the test run at 1 500 r/min, there is a special run-in period of 24 hours before the real test starts. This run-in is carried o
44、ut with the lower speed 750 r/min and with the axial load Fa= 10 kN. 3.9 frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at steady-state torque, Mrbis obtained after the run-in period and is reached when the frictional moment stabilizes at a fairly constant value (variation can be 20 %) 3.10 stead
45、y-state temperature temperature, B, obtained at the end of the run-in period 3.11 test temperature temperature, , measured at the outer ring of the spring-side test bearing NOTE Owing to better heat dissipation, the bearing at the drive side may be 2 C to 5 C cooler. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXC
46、HANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 15/01/2010 01:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 14865-1:2009EN 14865-1:2009 (E) 7 3.12 rolling element wear wear loss in weight, mw, during the stressing period due to wear caused by rolling and sliding movements in the rolling element raceway contacts and rolling element we
47、ar from cage contacts 3.13 mean rolling element wear mean rolling element wear in weight, mwm, from two tests according to this European Standard, each with two bearings, carried out in the same test rig and with lubricating grease from the same sample 3.14 combined mean rolling element wear from re
48、peatability tests mean rolling element wear in weight, mr, from four or more tests, each with two bearings, carried out in the same test rig and with lubricating grease from the same sample 3.15 combined mean rolling element wear from reproducibility tests mean rolling element wear in weight, mR, fr
49、om tests, each with two bearings, carried out with two or more tests in different laboratories and with lubricating grease from the same sample 3.16 test speed operating speed, n, of the test bearing arrangement 3.17 test load axial load, Fa, constant in magnitude and acting on the test bearings in axial direction 3.18 outlier a deviating test value that is not fulfilling the statistical criteria specified in ISO 5725-2 4 Symbols For the purposes of this European Standard, the following symbols apply: Eprun-in period, in hours Fatest load
