1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 15184:2012Paints and varnishes Determination of film hardnessby pencil test (ISO 15184:2012)BS EN ISO 15184:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard
2、is the UK implementation of EN ISO15184:2012. It supersedes BS 3900-E19:1999 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee STI/10, Test methods for paints.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary
3、.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 70811 4ICS 87.040Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer im
4、munity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 15184 October 2012 ICS 87.040
5、 English Version Paints and varnishes - Determination of film hardness by pencil test (ISO 15184:2012) Peintures et vernis - Dtermination de la duret du feuil par lessai de duret crayon (ISO 15184:2012) Beschichtungsstoffe - Bestimmung der Hrte von Beschichtungen durch Eindruckversuch mit Bleistifte
6、n (ISO 15184:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 October 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and
7、bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the re
8、sponsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav
9、Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE N
10、ORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 15184:2012: EBS EN ISO 15184:2012EN ISO 15184:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This docume
11、nt (EN ISO 15184:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35 “Paints and varnishes“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 “Paints and varnishes” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by pub
12、lication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC sh
13、all not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, De
14、nmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement
15、notice The text of ISO 15184:2012 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 15184:2012 without any modification. BS EN ISO 15184:2012ISO 15184:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv1 Scope 12 Normative references . 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle . 15 Apparatus 26 Sampli
16、ng 37 Test panels 37.1 Substrate . 37.2 Shape and dimensions 37.3 Preparation and coating 37.4 Drying and conditioning 47.5 Thickness of coating 48 Procedure 49 Types of defect . 510 Precision 511 Test report . 5Annex A (informative) Applicability of the pencil hardness test 6Bibliography . 7BS EN I
17、SO 15184:2012ISO 15184:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interest
18、ed in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Co
19、mmission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technic
20、al committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shal
21、l not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 15184 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9, General test methods for paints and varnishes.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15184:1998), which h
22、as been technically revised. The main changes are:a) the incorrect instruction in 9.5 in the previous edition (now 8.5) to push the test panel has been corrected to an instruction to push the pencil;b) the requirement in 9.5 in the previous edition (now 8.5) that the pencil move at 0,5 mm/s to 1 mm/
23、s has been replaced by a requirement that the speed simply be uniform;c) the use of propelling/mechanical pencils is now permitted;d) the supplementary test conditions (formerly Annex A) have been incorporated in the test report;e) a new Annex A giving information on the applicability of the method
24、has been added.iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 15184:2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15184:2012(E)Paints and varnishes Determination of film hardness by pencil testIMPORTANT The electronic file of this document contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
25、of the document. Users should therefore consider printing this document using a colour printer.1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a method for determining the film hardness by pushing pencils of known hardness over the film.The test can be performed on a single coating of a paint, varnish
26、or related product, or on the upper layer of a multi-coat system.This rapid test has not been found to be useful in comparing the pencil hardness of different coatings. It is more useful in providing relative ratings for a series of coated panels exhibiting significant differences in pencil hardness
27、.The method is applicable only to smooth surfaces.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including an
28、y amendments) applies.ISO 1513, Paints and varnishes Examination and preparation of test samplesISO 1514, Paints and varnishes Standard panels for testingISO 2808, Paints and varnishes Determination of film thicknessISO 15528, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes Sampling3 Te
29、rms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1pencil hardnessresistance of the surface of a paint film to marking, or the formation of some other defect, as a result of the action of a pencil, with a lead of specified dimensions, shape and hardnes
30、s, which is pushed across the surface4 PrincipleA pencil lead with a defined geometry is pushed over the paint surface at an angle of 45, exerting a force of 7,5 N on the surface. The hardness of the pencil lead is increased in steps until the surface of the coating is marked by visible defects. The
31、 test result is the highest hardness at which no marking occurs. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 15184:2012ISO 15184:2012(E)5 Apparatus5.1 Test instrument, consisting of a metal block fitted with two wheels, one on each side, as shown in Figure 1. The wheels shall be made in such a way that
32、they do not scratch the paint surface during testing. In the middle of the metal block, there is a cylindrical hole, inclined at an angle of (45 1), for the pencil.With the help of a clamp, pencils can be fixed in the instrument so that they are always in the same position.Mounted on the top of the
33、instrument is a level which is used to ensure that the test is carried out with the instrument horizontal.The instrument shall be designed so that, with the instrument in the horizontal position, the tip of the pencil exerts a force of (7,5 0,1) N on the paint surface.Other types of test instrument
34、may also be used, provided they give similar relative rating results.5.2 Set of wooden drawing pencils, of the following hardnesses (see note):9B - 8B - 7B - 6B - 5B - 4B - 3B - 2B - B - HB - F - H - 2H - 3H - 4H - 5H - 6H - 7H - 8H - 9H Softer HarderB - black HB - hard black F - firm H - hard Penci
35、ls made by various manufacturers may be used by agreement between the interested parties, provided they give similar relative rating results.NOTE Some examples of pencil makes and manufacturers which have been found suitable are as follows1): Cleos Fine Art 160, manufactured by Cretacolor; Graphic,
36、manufactured by Derwent; Turquoise T-2375, manufactured by Sanford; KOH-I-NOOR 1500, manufactured by Hardtmuth AG; Uni, manufactured by Mitsubishi Pencil Co.; Chunghwa, manufactured by China First Pencil Co., Ltd.For comparative testing, it is recommended that pencils from the same manufacturer be u
37、sed. Variations might be found between manufacturers and between batches from the same manufacturer.Pencil leads in mechanical holders (propelling/mechanical pencils) may be used provided they give the same results as wooden pencils.5.3 Special mechanical sharpener, which will remove the wood only,
38、leaving the cylindrical pencil lead intact (see Figure 2).5.4 Abrasive paper, grit No. 400.5.5 Soft cloth or swab of cotton wool, to clean the panel after the test, using a solvent to which the coating is inert.1) This information is given for the convenience of users of this International Standard
39、and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of these products.2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 15184:2012ISO 15184:2012(E)Key 1 metal block 6 small, movable weight for adjusting the test force2 rubber O-ring 7 clamp3 pencil 8 direction of pushing4 substrate 9 pencil lead5 level 10 paint fil
40、mFigure 1 Schematic diagram of test instrumentDimensions in millimetresFigure 2 Schematic view of pencil after sharpening6 SamplingTake a representative sample of the product to be tested (or of each product in the case of a multi-coat system), as described in ISO 15528.Examine and prepare each samp
41、le for testing, as described in ISO 1513.7 Test panels7.1 SubstrateUnless otherwise agreed, select the substrate from one of those described in ISO 1514, using, where possible, the same type of material as will be used in practice. The substrate panels shall be plane and free from distortion.7.2 Sha
42、pe and dimensionsThe shape and dimensions of the test panels shall be such that, during the test, the panel will stay in the horizontal position.7.3 Preparation and coatingUnless otherwise agreed, prepare each test panel in accordance with ISO 1514 and then coat it by the specified method with the p
43、roduct or system under test. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 15184:2012ISO 15184:2012(E)7.4 Drying and conditioningDry (or stove) and age, if applicable, each coated test panel for the specified time under the specified conditions. Before testing, condition the coated panels at (23 2) C and
44、a relative humidity of (50 5) %, unless otherwise agreed, for a minimum period of 16 h.7.5 Thickness of coatingThe thickness of the coating shall be as specified or as agreed between the interested parties. Determine the thickness of the coating by one of the procedures specified in ISO 2808.8 Proce
45、dure8.1 Carry out the test at a temperature of (23 2) C and a relative humidity of (50 5) %, unless otherwise agreed.8.2 Remove approximately 5 mm to 6 mm of wood from the point of each pencil using the special mechanical sharpener (5.3), being careful to leave an undisturbed, unmarked, smooth cylin
46、der of pencil lead.8.3 Flatten the tip of the lead by holding the pencil in a vertical position and moving the pencil back and forth over abrasive paper (5.4), maintaining an angle of 90. Continue until a flat, smooth, circular cross-section is obtained, free from chips or nicks in the edges.Repeat
47、this procedure each time a pencil is used.8.4 Place the coated panel on a level, firm, horizontal surface.Insert a pencil in the test instrument (5.1) and clamp it in position so that the instrument is horizontal, with the tip of the pencil resting on the surface of the paint film (see Figure 1).8.5
48、 Immediately after the tip of the pencil has come to rest on the coating, push the pencil in the direction away from the operator at a uniform speed.8.6 Unless otherwise agreed, inspect the coating after 30 s, using normal corrected vision, for marking of the kind defined in Clause 9.The damage can
49、be assessed more easily after cleaning all fragments of pencil lead from the paint surface, using a soft cloth or swab of cotton wool (5.5) and an inert solvent. If this is done, take care that the solvent does not affect the hardness of the coating in the test area.By agreement, a magnifying lens (magnification 6 to 10) may be used to assess the damage. If a magnifying lens is used, this shall be reported in the test report.If no marking has occurred, repeat the test (8.3 to 8.6) without ove
