1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 18669-2:2004 Internal combustion engines Piston pins Part 2: Inspection measuring principles ICS 43.060.10 BS ISO 18669-2:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 7 February 2005 BSI 7 February 2005 ISBN 0
2、580 45388 X National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 18669-2:2004 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee MCE/14, RIC engines, to Subcommittee MCE/14/-/10, RIC engines Cylinders, pistons and ri
3、ngs, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the secti
4、on entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Co
5、mpliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor rela
6、ted international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indi
7、cates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 18669-2:2004(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18669-2 First edition 2004-09-01 Internal combustion engines Piston pins Part 2: Inspection measuring principles Moteurs combustion inter
8、ne Axes de pistons Partie 2: Principes de mesure pour le contrle BSISO186692:2004ii BSISO186692:2004 iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Measuring principles 2 3.1 General measuring conditions 2 3.2 Characteristics and measuring principles . 2 BSISO186692:2004 iv Fore
9、word ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a techn
10、ical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
11、electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to
12、 the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for
13、identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 18669-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles. ISO 18669 consists of the following parts, under the general title Internal combustion engines Piston pins: Part 1: General specifications Part 2: Inspection measuring principles BSIS
14、O186692:2004INTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS-96681 O2:(4002E)1Internal combustion engines Piston pins Part 2: Inspection measuring principles 1 Scope This part of ISO 18669 defines the measuring principles to be used for measuring piston pins; it applies to piston pins from 8 mm up to and including 100 mm
15、outside diameter for reciprocating internal combustion engines and compressors. In certain applications, except road vehicles, and provided that mutual agreement is made between the purchaser and the manufacturer, this part of ISO 18669 may be used with suitable modifications. 2 Normative references
16、 The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1101, Geometrical Product Specifications (GP
17、S) Geometrical tolerancing Tolerances of form, orientation, location and run-out ISO 2639, Steels Determination and verification of the depth of carburized and hardened cases ISO 4287, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Surface texture: Profile method Terms, definitions and surface texture par
18、ameters ISO 4288, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Surface texture: Profile method Rules and procedures for the assessment of surface texture ISO 9934 (all parts), Non-destructive testing Magnetic particle testing ISO 6506 (all parts), Metallic materials Brinell hardness test ISO 6507 (all p
19、arts), Metallic materials Vickers hardness test ISO 6508 (all parts), Metallic materials Rockwell hardness test QS 9000, Quality Systems Requirements ISO 14104:1995, Gears Surface temper etch inspection after grinding ISO 14253 (all parts), Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Inspection by meas
20、urement of work pieces and measuring equipment ISO 18669-1:2004, Internal combustion engines Piston pins Part 1: Specifications EN 583 (all parts), Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic examination BSISO186692:2004 2 3 Measuring principles 3.1 General measuring conditions The following general requirem
21、ents are applicable to all measuring principles unless otherwise specified: a) Measurements shall be made using instruments with a resolution not exceeding 10 % of the tolerance of the dimension being measured. b) Concerning “Measuring uncertainty”, take notice of ISO 14253. c) Concerning “Acceptanc
22、e of gauge repeatability and reproducibility (% R & R)” take notice of QS 9000. d) The reference temperature for outside-diameter measurements shall be 21 1 C. 3.2 Characteristics and measuring principles Characteristic Measuring principle 3.2.1 Outside diameter d 1Diameter of the outer surface meas
23、ured at any point excluding areas of edge drop-off, b (see Figure 10, ISO 18669:2004). Method A: Reference method. Measure with a precision calliper having spherical measuring probes each of radius 1,5 mm min. exerting a measuring force of approximately 1 N (see Figure 1). Figure 1 Outside-diameter
24、measuring principle Other methods: All methods which are able to guarantee the required measurement uncertainty. Method must be agreed to between manufacturer and client. Measurement uncertainty: 0,000 5 mm in accordance with ISO 14253 BSISO186692:2004 3Characteristic Measuring principle 3.2.2 Cylin
25、dricity of the outside diameter d 1Geometric form of the peripheral surface excluding areas of edge drop-off, b. Characteristics measured in the axial direction are taper, convexity, concavity and waviness. (Reference: ISO 1101) Method A: Record and evaluate a macro-form diagram of opposite sides in
26、 the axial direction (profile lines) or by recording and evaluating of a multiple polar diagram (measuring in min. 3 planes, near both ends and centre of pin). Method B: Outside diameter, d 1measured in a V-block by diametral gauging at centre of piston pin and at distance l x from both ends and cal
27、culating the difference rate (see Figure 2). Measuring sensor: according to 3.2.1. l x= 0,15 d 1d 1W 50 mm l x= 0,10 d 1d 1 50 mm Figure 2 Cylindricity measuring principle 3.2.3 Circularity of the outside diameter d 1All deviations of the peripheral surface from circularity such as waviness, ovality
28、 and spherical-triangular forms. (Reference: ISO 1101) Recording and evaluation of a macro-form diagram in the circumferential direction and at several planes (polar diagram). 3.2.4 Edge drop-off b, c Geometric form of the peripheral surface at the outside edges. Record and evaluate a macro-form dia
29、gram on both ends in the axial direction (profile lines), (see Figure 10, ISO 18669- 1:2004). 3.2.5 Inside diameter d 2 , d 4Diameter of the bore measured at any point. Measured with inside measuring devices. BSISO186692:2004 4 Characteristic Measuring principle 3.2.6 Concentricity of inside diamete
30、r ID relative to outside diameter OD Difference between the maximum and minimum dimensions of the wall thickness (a) as measured in a plane perpendicular to the peripheral surface. (Reference: ISO 1101) Method A: Measured with a thickness gauge (e.g. dial calliper or comparable gauges) (see Figure 3
31、). Figure 3 Inside-diameter concentricity (Radial runout) Method B: Measured with a calliper or probe-indicator by 360 rotation in a V-block (see Figure 4). Figure 4 Wall-thickness measuring principle 3.2.7 Length l 1Maximum dimension measured between two planes perpendicular to the peripheral surfa
32、ce. Method A: Measured between two planes parallel to each other and perpendicular to the outside surface (see Figure 5). Figure 5 Length measuring principle Other methods: All methods, which are able to guarantee the required measurement uncertainty and take account of runout. BSISO186692:2004 5Cha
33、racteristic Measuring principle 3.2.8 Gauge length l 5Dimension between the gauge points measured perpendicular to the peripheral surface. The pin is put between two ring gauges perpendicular to the outside surface, with inside diameters d 5 . The sharp edges of these gauges measure from contact poi
34、nt to contact point. This “assembly” of pin and two rings is put in a height gauge and measured. A known standard is used to set the gauge at “0” (see Figure 6) Figure 6 Gauge-length measuring principle NOTE Other lengths: all methods which are able to measure the characteristics according to specif
35、ication. 3.2.9 Runout s of the end faces Axial distance between two circles located concentrically to the axis of the piston pin, between which all points of the end face of the piston pin must lie during rotation around the axis. Supporting surface: V-block with longitudinal stop at least as large
36、as the outside diameter d 1 . Measurement by 360 rotation in the V-block. Measured value = axial eccentricity or runout (see Figure 7). f / r: see Figure 11, ISO 18669-1:2004. Figure 7 Runout measuring principle 3.2.10 Outside-edge profile Transition from the peripheral surface to the end face of pi
37、ston pin. Measuring of the transition using contour-measuring method, or other appropriate methods (see Figure 11, ISO 18669-1:2004). 3.2.11 Inside chamfer t Transition from the inside cylindrical surface to the end face. Measurement using calliper, measuring lenses or contour- measuring equipment (
38、see Figure 12, ISO 18669-1:2004). 3.2.12 Tapered bore diameter d 3Diameter of the taper at the end face. Measured by using e.g. calliper or contour-measuring equipment (see Figure 13, ISO 18669-1:2004). BSISO186692:2004 6 Characteristic Measuring principle 3.2.13 Tapered bore angle Angle of inclinat
39、ion measured from the peripheral surface. Measured by using contour-measuring equipment (see Figure 13, ISO 18669-1:2004). 3.2.14 Runout tapered bore Concentricity of the tapered bore to the outside diameter. Measured with an internal calliper by 360 rotation in a V-block. Measuring point shall be l
40、ocated 1 mm max. from the end face (see Figure 8). Figure 8 Runout tapered bore measuring 3.2.15 Roughness Ra: Value in accordance with ISO 4287. Measurement with electrical stylus instruments, in accordance with ISO 4287. Rz: Definition according to ISO 4287. Limit wave length: 0,8 mm Measuring dis
41、tance: 4,0 mm Stylus tip radius: 2 to 7 m Rt: Maximum peak-to-valley height in accordance with ISO 4287 Measurement of tool marks and scratches on the outer and inner cylindrical surface is accomplished by tracing with a micro-stylus system in a longitudinal or circumferential direction depending on
42、 the defect type. Measurement is carried out in the visually worst zone. Evaluation and comparability in accordance with ISO 4288. 3.2.16 Carburised and nitrided case depth Thickness of the surface layer with a hardness value which is greater than the limit hardness H s , measured perpendicular to t
43、he piston pin peripheral surface or bore surface on the finish-machined piston pin. Determination of the depth at which the limit hardness H s exists, measured in HV 1 or HV 0,3 according to ISO 2639. Limit hardness H sof carburised case hardened piston pins: 1. non-limited volume change H s= 550 HV
44、 0,3 with carburised case depth u 0,2 mm H s= 550 HV 1 with carburised case depth 0,2 mm 2. limited volume change H s= 500 HV 0,3 with carburised case depth u 0,2 mm H s= 500 HV 1 with carburised case depth 0,2 mm Limit hardness Hs of nitrided piston pins: H s= 550 HV 0,3 with nitrided case depth u
45、0,2 mm H s= 550 HV 1 with nitrided case depth 0,2 mm BSISO186692:2004 7Characteristic Measuring principle 3.2.17 Core hardness Hardness in the core zone that is not affected by the case-hardened or nitrided layer. Method A: reference method Testing with Vickers HV 30 in accordance with ISO 6507. Met
46、hod B: Testing with Brinell HB 2,5/187,5 in accordance with ISO 6506. Method C: Testing with Rockwell C in accordance with ISO 6508. Measure in the centre of the core zone that is not affected by the case-hardened or nitrided layer. The core zone, when sampled, must not be cold-hardened or heated, a
47、nd must be located at least 1/3 l 1from the end face. The average of 3 measurements is taken as the determining value. No individual value may deviate more than 10 % from the average value. 3.2.18 Peripheral surface hardness Hardness measured on the peripheral surface of the carburised or nitrided l
48、ayer. Method A: Reference method Case-hardened and nitrided piston pins: Testing with Vickers HV 10 in accordance with ISO 6507. Method B: Case-hardened piston pins: Testing with Rockwell C, A or N in accordance with ISO 6508. NOTE In order to attain a precise measurement result, testing should be d
49、one with the highest possible load, but with consideration to the danger of pressing through the case-hardened layer. 3.2.19 Volume change A change in volume detected as a permanent outside-diameter dimensional deviation at reference temperature after being heated to a test temperature for a specified period of time. At reference temperature measure the outside diameter d 1 at a minimum of 2
