1、May 2017 English price group 7No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 59.140.30!%d“2659425www.din.deDIN EN
2、ISO 4044Leather Chemical tests Preparation of chemical test samples (ISO 4044:2017);English version EN ISO 4044:2017,English translation of DIN EN ISO 4044:2017-05Leder Chemische Prfungen Vorbereitung von Proben fr chemische Untersuchungen (ISO 4044:2017);Englische Fassung EN ISO 4044:2017,Englische
3、 bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 4044:2017-05Cuir Essais chimiques Prparation des chantillons pour essais chimiques (ISO 4044:2017);Version anglaise EN ISO 4044:2017,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 4044:2017-05SupersedesDIN EN ISO 4044:200805www.beuth.deDocument comprises 10 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Spr
4、achendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.05.17 DIN EN ISO 4044:2017-05 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN ISO 4044:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 289 “Leather” (Secretariat: UNI, Ital
5、y) in collaboration with the International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies (IULTCS). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Materialprfung (DIN Standards Committee Materials Testing), Working Committee NA 062-05-52 AA “Chemical test meth
6、ods of leather”. The DIN Standard corresponding to the International Standard referred to in this document is as follows: ISO 2419 DIN EN ISO 2419 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 4044:2008-05 as follows: a) in Clause 2 “Normative references”, a reference has been included; b) Clause
7、 3 “Terms and definitions” has been included; c) Clause 4 “Principle” has been extended; d) in Clause 5 “Apparatus”, 5.2 “Suitable tool” has been included; e) Clause 6 has been revised and 6.3 “Cutting” and 6.4 “Choice of sample preparation method” have been included; f) Annex A (informative) has be
8、en included. Previous editions DIN 53303-2: 1968-05 DIN EN ISO 4044: 1998-10, 2008-05 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 2419, Leather Physical and mechanical tests Sample preparation and conditioning EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 4044 January 2017 ICS
9、 59.140.30 Supersedes EN ISO 4044:2008English Version Leather - Chemical tests - Preparation of chemical test samples (ISO 4044:2017) Cuir - Essais chimiques - Prparation des chantillons pour essais chimiques (ISO 4044:2017) Leder - Chemische Prfungen - Vorbereitung von Proben fr chemische Untersuch
10、ungen(ISO 4044:2017) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 December 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists an
11、d bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
12、responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugosla
13、v Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EU
14、ROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 4044:2017 EForeword . 41 Scope . 52 Normative reference
15、s 53 Terms and definitions . 54 Principle 55 Apparatus . 56 Preparation of test sample . 66.1 Sample preparation 66.2 Grinding 66.3 Cutting 66.4 Choice of sample preparation method . 67 Storage of test sample . 6Annex A (informative) Commercial sources for apparatus . 7Bibliography 8Contents PageEur
16、opean foreword .3EN ISO 4044:2017 (E) DIN EN ISO 4044:2017-05 2 European foreword This document (EN ISO 4044:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 289 “Leather” the secretariat of which is held by UNI, in collaboration with Technical Committee IULTCS “International Union of Leather T
17、echnologists and Chemists Societies”. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2017. Attention is draw
18、n to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 4044:2008. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the natio
19、nal standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lith
20、uania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 4044:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 4044:2017 without any modification. EN ISO 4044:2017 (E) DI
21、N EN ISO 4044:2017-05 3 ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in
22、a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commissi
23、on (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents shoul
24、d be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for iden
25、tifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the conveni
26、ence of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the
27、 following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.htmlISO 4044 was prepared by the Chemical Test Commission of the International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies (IUC Commission, IULTCS) in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 289
28、, Leather, the secretariat of which is held by UNI, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).It is based on IUC 3 originally published in J. Soc. Leather Trades Chemists, 49, pp. 8-10, 1965, and declared an official method of the IULTCS in 1965
29、.IULTCS, originally formed in 1897, is a world-wide organization of professional leather societies to further the advancement of leather science and technology. IULTCS has three Commissions, which are responsible for establishing international methods for the sampling and testing of leather. ISO rec
30、ognizes IULTCS as an international standardizing body for the preparation of test methods for leather.This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 4044:2008), which has been technically revised.Experience has shown it can be difficult to find a suitable grinding (or cutter) mills
31、for preparing ground leather samples without considerable heating of the milling chamber or blocking of the sieve. Those mills commercially available require reasonably large leather samples to prepare a representative ground sample. But in many cases where consumer items are being tested, only smal
32、l pieces of leather are available for testing. For this reason, Subclause 6.3 has been added to allow preparation of test samples by cutting the leather into small pieces with a sharp blade. An informative Annex A has been added to give help with locating a suitable grinding mill.EN ISO 4044:2017 (E
33、) DIN EN ISO 4044:2017-05 4 1 ScopeThis document specifies how to prepare a test sample of leather for chemical analysis. The test sample can be either ground or cut into small pieces. Unless specified in this document, the method to be used depends on the size of leather sample available for testin
34、g.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (includin
35、g any amendments) applies.ISO 2419, Leather Physical and mechanical tests Sample preparation and conditioning3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15987 apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the fol
36、lowing addresses: ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/4 PrincipleThe leather sample shall be prepared by either: grinding in a mill to form “ground leather”, see 5.1 and 6.2, or cutting into small pieces, see 5.2
37、and 6.3.Which sample preparation shall be used depends on the size of the leather sample available or what preparation method is defined in the test method procedure.5 Apparatus5.1 Grinding mill, having a blade rotational frequency of 300 r/min to 1 000 r/min and a perforated sieving plate with (4,0
38、 0,5) mm diameter perforations. The mill blades shall be sharp. To avoid samples heating up during grinding the preferred blade rotation should be towards the lower end of the rotational frequency range. Temperature shall not be higher than 40 C. Information about a suitable grinding mill is given i
39、n Annex A.5.2 Suitable tool with a sharp blade for cutting leather samples into small pieces of 3 mm to 5 mm side length.EN ISO 4044:2017 (E) DIN EN ISO 4044:2017-05 5 6 Preparation of test sample6.1 Sample preparationTest pieces that are wet (i.e. in excess of approximately 30 % moisture) should be
40、 pre-dried at a temperature not exceeding 40 C. The drying temperature should be selected with consideration of the influence of elevated temperature on the nature of the analyte.If the samples are dried at elevated temperature, they shall be conditioned according to ISO 2419.6.2 GrindingThis method
41、 of preparation shall be used when a sufficiently large piece of leather is available for grinding in a mill (5.1) to give a representative ground leather sample. As a guideline for the purpose of this document, the leather sample should be at least 200 mm 200 mm or more than 10 g.Before grinding, t
42、he samples of leather should be reduced to small pieces of suitable dimensions depending on the design of the cutter mill feed system.It shall be ensured that the grinding mill and sample collecting device are clean. Water should not be used for cleaning.If sufficient sample is available, then a few
43、 small pieces of test leather should be ground and discarded, with the apparatus being cleaned again before proceeding with grinding the main test sample.6.3 CuttingThis method of preparation is used when only a small piece of leather is available. Typically this sample will be a part of a consumer
44、item, for example a leather panel or piece from a leather product. For some leather test procedures it may be preferable to use test samples cut into pieces.The leather test samples are cut into small pieces using a suitable device with a sharp blade (5.2). The pieces shall be of 3 mm to 5 mm side l
45、ength.6.4 Choice of sample preparation methodWhen the method for sample preparation is defined in a specific test method then the procedure specified shall be used.If no method of preparation is defined, then procedures specified in 6.2 and 6.3 are selected according to the size of the leather sampl
46、e available. The method of preparation shall be reported in the test report.7 Storage of test sampleAfter grinding or cutting, the leather test sample shall be mixed thoroughly and placed in a clean, dry, airtight container. The container shall be kept away from localized sources of heat.EN ISO 4044
47、:2017 (E) DIN EN ISO 4044:2017-05 6 Annex A (informative) Commercial sources for apparatusA.1 GeneralExamples of a suitable apparatus available commercially are given below. This information is given for the convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of these
48、 products.A.2 Grinding apparatusA suitable grinding mill (also called cutting mills) is one that efficiently cuts and grinds the leather without blocking and leaving only a small amount of unground leather. The milling chamber should be easy to open to allow cleaning between samples. During the grinding process, the speed of the cutter blade should not be excessive, so tha
