1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 12947-3:1998 Incorporating corrigendum November 2002 Textiles Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method Part 3: Determination of mass loss ICS 59.080.30 BS EN ISO 12947-3:1998 This British Standard was published under the authority of the
2、 Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 April 1999 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 62597 8 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 12947-3:1998. It is identical with ISO 12947-3:1998, incorporating corrigendum November 2002. The four parts of BS EN ISO 12947 super
3、sede BS 5690:1991 which is withdrawn. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated in the text by tags. Text altered by ISO corrigendum November 2002 is indicated in the text by The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/24, Phy
4、sical testing of textiles. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard
5、 cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments 30 June 2008 Implementation of ISO corrigendum November 2002 and alignment of BSI and CEN publication datesEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 12947-3 December 1998 ICS 5
6、9.080.30 Descriptors: See ISO document English version Textiles Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method Part 3: Determination of mass loss (ISO 12947-3:1998) Textiles Dtermination de la rsistance labrasion des toffes par la mthode Martindale Partie 3: Dterminatio
7、n de la perte de masse (ISO12947-3:1998) Textilien Bestimmung der Scheuerbestndigkeit von textilen Flchengebilden Martindale-Verfahren Teil 3: Bestimmung der Masseverlustes (ISO12947-3:1998) This European Standard was approved by CEN on15December1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CEN
8、ELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any
9、CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN
10、 members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Norm
11、alisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 12947-3:1998 EBS EN ISO 12947-3:1998 BSI 2008 Foreword The text of the Inter
12、national Standard ISO12947-1:1998 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC38 “Textiles” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC248 “Textiles and textile products”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either
13、 by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implemen
14、t this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the UnitedKingdom. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard ISO12947-3:1998 was ap
15、proved by CEN as a European Standard without any modification. NOTENormative references to International Standards are listed inAnnex ZA (normative).BS EN ISO 12947-3:1998 BSI 2008 Contents Page 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Principle 1 5 Apparatus and materials 1 6 Conditioni
16、ng and testing atmosphere 1 7 Sampling and preparation of test specimens 2 8 Abrasion test procedure 3 9 Results 3 10 Test report 3 Annex A (normative) Specimen preparation for specific fabrics 5 Bibliography 7 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications withtheir relevan
17、t European publications 8 Figure A.1 Mounting device for easily stretched fabrics 6 Table 1 Test intervals for mass loss testing 2 Descriptors: Textiles, fabrics, tests, abrasion tests, determination, abrasion resistance. iiiblankBS EN ISO 12947-3:1998 BSI 2008 1 Scope This part of ISO12947 is appli
18、cable to the determination of the mass loss of specimens covering all textile fabrics including nonwovens apart from fabrics where the specifier indicates the end performance as having a low abrasion wear life. NOTEFurther introductory comments are given in ISO12947-1. 2 Normative references The fol
19、lowing normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO12947. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO12947
20、are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standard
21、s. ISO 105-A02:1993, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour. ISO 139:1973, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. ISO 2859-1:, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes Part 1: Sampling plans indexed by acceptable quality le
22、vel (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection 1) . ISO 12947-1:1998, Textiles Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method Part 1: Martindale abrasion testing apparatus. ISO 12947-2:1998, Textiles Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method Part
23、 2: Determination of specimen breakdown. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO12947 the definitions given in ISO12947-1 and ISO12947-2 apply. 4 Principle A circular specimen is mounted in a specimen holder and, subjected to a defined load, is rubbed against an abrasive medium (standard
24、fabric) in a translational movement tracing a Lissajous figure, the specimen holder being additionally freely rotatable around its own axis perpendicular to the plane of the specimen. The evaluation of the abrasion resistance of the textile fabric is determined from the mass loss of the test specime
25、ns. The specimens are mounted in the specimen holders with foam backing. Specimens with a mass per unit area greater than500gm 2are mounted in the specimen holders without foam. Pile fabrics and cord fabrics which are tested without foam backing are subjected to a specified preparatory treatment (se
26、e7.5.2). Two abrasion parameters are specified. The total effective mass of the abrasion load (i.e.the mass of the specimen holder assembly and the appropriate loading piece) are: a) (795 7)g for workwear, upholstery, bed linen and fabrics for technical use (nominal pressure of12kPa); b) (595 7)g fo
27、r apparel and household textiles, excluding upholstery and bed linen (nominal pressure of9kPa). The mass loss of the test specimen is determined for each of the established numbers of rubs according to the number of rubs at which specimen breakdown occurs (seeTable 1). 5 Apparatus and materials In a
28、ddition to the test apparatus and auxiliary materials specified in ISO12947-1, a balance, having an accuracy of1mg, is required. 6 Conditioning and testing atmosphere 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 2859:1989) A standard temperate atmosphere for conditioning and testing textiles shall be used,
29、i.e. a temperature of (20 2) C and a relative humidity of (65 2) % as defined in ISO 139. 1BS EN ISO 12947-3:1998 2 BSI 2008 Table 1 Test intervals for mass loss testing 7 Sampling and preparation of test specimens 7.1 General Perform sampling in accordance with statistical rules (see ISO2859-1). En
30、sure throughout sampling and specimen preparation that handling imposes the minimum possible tensile stress so as to prevent incorrect extension of the textile fabric. 7.2 Selection of the laboratory sample Select the laboratory sample from a test lot to be representative of properties of the textil
31、e fabric. Check the representative nature of sampling from the start or end of a textile fabric. Take the laboratory sample from across the full fabric width. 7.3 Sampling of the test specimens from the laboratory sample Before sampling the test specimens from the laboratory samples, condition the l
32、aboratory samples, free from tension, for at least18h on a smooth horizontal surface with free access of air exposed to the standard atmosphere specified in clause6. Take the test specimens at least100mm from the edge distributed across the entire laboratory sample. Take a sufficient number of test
33、specimens to be in accordance with statistical rules (see7.1). For woven fabrics, take the specimens so that they each contain different warp and weft threads. For patterned fabrics or fabrics with textured surface, take care to ensure that the test specimens contain all characteristic parts of the
34、pattern ensuring that the parts of the pattern likely to be sensitive to abrasion are contained in the test specimens. 7.4 Dimensions of specimens and auxiliary materials 7.4.1 Dimensions of the test specimens 7.4.2 Dimensions of abradant The dimensions of the abradant shall be at least140mm in diam
35、eter or length and width. 7.4.3 Dimensions of the abradant felt substrate The diameter of the woven wool abradant felt underlay shall bemm. 7.4.4 Dimensions of the specimen holder underlay foam backing 7.5 Specimen preparation for specific fabrics 7.5.1 Stretch fabrics SeeAnnex A, clauseA.1. 7.5.2 C
36、ord fabrics and pile fabrics SeeAnnex A, clauseA.2. 7.6 Preparation and mounting of the test specimens and cutting-out and mounting of the auxiliary materials 7.6.1 Preparation Stamp or cut out the test specimens from the laboratory sample. Give particular attention to the clean status of the cut ed
37、ges to prevent the occurrence of unwanted material loss in subsequent handling. Determine the mass of each conditioned test specimen to the nearest1mg by weighing. Prepare the auxiliary materials in a similar fashion from the available pieces of woven fabric, felt or foam. NOTEThe auxiliary material
38、s may under some circumstances be obtained already prepared to the required dimensions. Test series Number of rubs at which specimen breakdown occurs Determination of mass loss at following numbers of rubs a u 1000 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000, (1250) b 1000u 5000 500, 750, 1000, 2500, 5000, (7500) c 50
39、00u 10000 1000, 2500, 5000, 7500, 10000, (15000) d 10000u 25000 5000, 7500, 10000, 15000, 25000, (40000) e 25000u 50000 10000, 15000, 25000, 40000, 50000, (75000) f 50000u 100000 10000, 25000, 50000, 75000, 100000, (125000) g 100000 25000, 50000, 75000, 100000, (125000) NOTEValues in brackets should
40、 be agreed upon between the interested parties. 140 +5 0 The diameter of the test specimens shall be 38,0 mm. 0, 5 0 + The diameter of the specimen holder underlay foam backing shall be 38,0 mm. 0, 5 0 +BS EN ISO 12947-3:1998 BSI 2008 3 7.6.2 Mounting of the specimen Place the specimen holder nut in
41、 the mounting device on the machine frame. Place the test specimen in the specimen holder nut with wear side downward carefully and centrally. For test specimens having a mass per unit area of less than500gm 2place the foam backing on the test specimen. NOTEAvoid fabric distortion when mounting the
42、test specimen. Place the specimen holder insert in the specimen holder nut, place the specimen holder body over the nut and screw down tightly. 7.6.3 Mounting of the abradant Move the specimen holder guide plate to ensure free access to the abrading tables. Place the felt on the abrading tables and
43、place the abradant over the felt. Fit the abradant so that the two thread systems of the woven fabric lie parallel to the edge of the machine frame. Compress the felt and abradant on the abrading table with a pressing weight having a mass of(2,5 0,5)kg and a diameter of(120 10)mm. Fit the clamping r
44、ing and secure the felt and abradant firmly. Remove the pressing weight. 7.7 Useful life of auxiliary materials Renew the abradant for every test. For abrasion tests with more than50000 rubs, change the abradant every 50000rubs. Inspect the felt for soiling and wear after every abrasion test. If soi
45、ling or detectable wear occur replace the felt. Both sides of the felt may be used. Where foam is used in abrasion testing, use a new piece for every abrasion test. 7.8 Preparation of the abrasion machine After mounting the test specimens and auxiliary materials place the specimen holder guide plate
46、 in position and correctly position the specimen holders and spindles at their respective work stations and place the loading piece prescribed for the abrasion test on each specimen holder spindle. 8 Abrasion test procedure Preselect the number of rubs according to the relevant test series listed in
47、Table 1 for the abrasion test previously determined by ISO12947-2. Where necessary complete the preparatory treatment of the specimens in accordance with7.5.2 and the preparation in accordance with clause7. Start the abrasion tester. Abrade the required number of specimens of known mass to each of t
48、he selected test intervals in the chosen test series e.g.for test series a inTable 1 abrade separate sets of specimens to100,250,500 etc.rubs. Remove the load from the specimens and carefully remove the specimen holders from the testing machine. Check the specimens for abnormal surface change (e.g.n
49、eps or pilling, creases, tuft loss in pile textiles). In the event of such abnormalities reject the test specimens. If all specimens exhibit such changes do not continue the test. If only individual specimens are abnormal, repeat the test until the required number of specimens has been tested. The abnormalities observed and the number of abnormal test specimens shall be recorded in the test report. To d
