1、 ETSI TR 102 767 V1.1.1 (2009-02)Technical Report GRID;Grid Services and Telecom Networks;Architectural OptionsETSI ETSI TR 102 767 V1.1.1 (2009-02) 2Reference DTR/GRID-0005 Keywords architecture, network, service ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94
2、42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in mo
3、re than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific n
4、etwork drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in th
5、e present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
6、 European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2009. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTM, TIPHONTM, the TIPHON logo and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the
7、3GPP Organizational Partners. LTE is a Trade Mark of ETSI currently being registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 102 767 V1.1.1 (2009-02) 3Contents Intellectual
8、Property Rights 4g3Foreword . 4g31 Scope 5g32 References 5g32.1 Normative references . 5g32.2 Informative references 5g33 Definitions and abbreviations . 6g33.1 Definitions 6g33.2 Abbreviations . 6g34 Introduction to Grid and Grid applications 6g35 Overview of relevant Telecom reference architecture
9、 . 7g35.1 Introduction 7g35.2 The NGN architecture 8g36 Grid and Next Generation Network (NGN) . 9g36.1 Introduction 9g36.2 Grid-enabled NGN application . 9g36.3 NGN subsystems offering Grid Services 10g36.4 Grid technology for implementing NGN functionality 11g36.5 Combining Grid and networking res
10、ources in a new architecture 12g3History 14g3ETSI ETSI TR 102 767 V1.1.1 (2009-02) 4Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI
11、members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webap
12、p.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become
13、, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee GRID (GRID). ETSI ETSI TR 102 767 V1.1.1 (2009-02) 51 Scope The present document provides an introduction to Grid, Grid Applications, the NGN architecture and provides an analysis o
14、f architectural option for combining Grid and NGN. 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. Non-specific reference may be made only to a comple
15、te document or a part thereof and only in the following cases: - if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the purposes of the referring document; - for informative references. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available
16、 in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the
17、application of the present document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Not applicable. 2.2 Informative references The following referenced documents are not essential to
18、 the use of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. i.1 NESSI: Service Oriented Infrastructure Working Group. NOTE: Available at http:/www.so
19、i-nwg.org/doku.php?id=sra:description. i.2 ITU-T Recommendation Y.2001: “General overview of NGN“. i.3 ITU-T NGN Working definition (2004). NOTE: Available at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/studygroups/com13/ngn2004/working_definition.html. i.4 TISPAN Terms of Reference (ToRs). NOTE: Available at http:/por
20、tal.etsi.org/tispan/TISPAN_ToR.asp. i.5 ETSI ES 282 001 (V2.0.0): “Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); NGN Functional Architecture“. i.6 ITU-T Recommendation Y.2011: “General principles and general reference model for Next Generation Net
21、works“. ETSI ETSI TR 102 767 V1.1.1 (2009-02) 6i.7 ETSI TR 180 002: “Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Release 2 definition“. i.8 ETSI TR 102 659-1 (V1.1.1): “GRID; Study of ICT Grid interoperability gaps; Part 1: Inventory of ICT Stak
22、eholders“. i.9 ETSI TS 123 002: “Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Network architecture (3GPP TS 23.002)“. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and de
23、finitions apply: Grid or Grid computing: Grid is a system that is concerned with the integration, virtualization, and management of services and resources in a distributed, heterogeneous environment that supports collections of users and resources (virtual organizations) across traditional administr
24、ative and organizational domains (real organizations) i.8 Grid service: service interface associated with a Grid resource NOTE 1: A resource, logical or physical, and its state (statefulness is the defining characteristic of a Grid service) is controlled and managed via Grid services in a Grid envir
25、onment. NOTE 2: This definition is based on IBM Redbook “Introduction to Grid Computing“ (http:/ 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AS Application Server ASF Application Server Function ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute H
26、PC High-Performance Computing IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem IP Internet Protocol ITU-T International Telecommunication Union - Telecom Sector NASS Network Attachment SubSystem NGN Next Generation Network PES PSTN/ISDN Emulation Subsystem RACS Resource and Admission Control Subsystem TISPAN Telecommuni
27、cations and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking 4 Introduction to Grid and Grid applications Grid computing originated in the scientific and high-performance computing (HPC) communities. With availability of additional computing resource leading directly to improved acc
28、uracy and quality of results, the demand for specialized computing systems became difficult to satisfy. Techniques for sharing such resources between research groups at different locations and supporting new forms of collaboration were developed. Their adoption and the consequent wider availability
29、of high performance computing led to the emergence of e-Science as a productive approach to research in a number of disciplines such as particle physics, bioinformatics and earth sciences. This suggested the idea of “the Grid“ essentially unlimited computing resources being available on demand anywh
30、ere - supported by wide area networks, named by analogy with electrical power grids. ETSI ETSI TR 102 767 V1.1.1 (2009-02) 7Enterprises are increasingly reliant on IT applications to support their business processes and there is a clear trend towards obtaining functionality as services from external
31、 providers to provide flexibility. Given the success of HPC Grids in similar scenarios, it is natural to consider how widely applicable the technology could be. Scientific Grid applications generally focus on particular application areas and aim to provide shared access to specialized high performan
32、ce computing resources or datasets. Typically they involve parallel execution of stateless batch jobs which can be easily distributed. Enterprise IT applications are much more varied. They frequently involve stateful interactions between a potentially complex set of components including databases an
33、d application servers. Usage patterns may be either batch processing or interactive. While it is not possible to define a representative business Grid application, it is likely that they will be characterized by intensive use of IT resources, whether this is computational, access to large datasets o
34、r demanding constraints on data volumes, request rates or latency, transactional throughput or some combination of these. Simple, undemanding applications are unlikely to justify the additional complexity of sourcing functionality from an independent service provider. Considerable effort has been de
35、voted in recent years to extending Grid technologies to address business requirements. The NESSI-GRID Strategic Research Agenda i.1 defines “Business Grids as the adaptive service-oriented utility infrastructure for business applications“ and envisions them as “the general ICT backbone in future eco
36、nomies“. This gives Grid a far greater significance for mainstream networking than traditional e-Science applications and indicates that it has to be taken seriously. Grid technology can be seen as the basis for a range of approaches to service oriented infrastructures including utility computing, r
37、eal-time infrastructures and cloud computing. Networking is a fundamental component of Grid application infrastructures. Scientific Grids have typically used specialized research networks rather than public networks and relatively little attention has been given to operating over public networks. It
38、 is very difficult to be specific about the network requirements of business Grid applications as they are very varied. In addition, business applications require end-to-end behaviour (performance, availability, security policy enforcement etc.) to be controlled and predictable. These issues clearly
39、 need to be addressed for business Grids. In particular, it is clear that there is a requirement for applications to have a greater awareness of the networks which are involved in their deployment so that they can adapt to available connectivity resources. Similarly, if networks have a greater aware
40、ness of the requirements of the applications they support, improved operational efficiency should be achievable. 5 Overview of relevant Telecom reference architecture 5.1 Introduction A Next Generation Network (NGN) is a packet-based network able to provide services including Telecommunication Servi
41、ces and able to make use of multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport technologies and in which service-related functions are independent from underlying transport-related technologies. It offers unrestricted access by users to different service providers. It supports generalized mobility which will
42、 allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of services to users i.2. In a NGN there is a more defined separation between the transport (connectivity) portion of the network and the services that run on top of that transport. This means that whenever a provider wants to enable a new service, they can
43、 do so by defining it directly at the service layer without considering the transport layer - i.e. services are independent of transport details i.3. TISPAN is the ETSI core competence centre for fixed networks and for migration from switched circuit networks to packet-based networks with an archite
44、cture that can serve in both. Therefore TISPAN is responsible for all aspects of standardization for present and future converged networks including the NGN (Next Generation Network) and including, service aspects, architectural aspects, protocol aspects, QoS studies, security related studies, mobil
45、ity aspects within fixed networks, using existing and emerging technologies i.4. ETSI ETSI TR 102 767 V1.1.1 (2009-02) 85.2 The NGN architecture The NGN functional architecture as described in i.5 complies with the ITU-T general reference model for next generation networks i.6 and is structured acco
46、rding to a service layer and an IP-based transport layer. The service layer comprises the following components: the core IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS); the PSTN/ISDN Emulation Subsystem (PES); other multimedia subsystems (e.g. IPTV Dedicated Subsystem) and applications; common components (i.e. used
47、by several subsystems) such as those required for accessing applications, charging functions, user profile management, security management, routing data bases (e.g. ENUM), etc. This subsystem-oriented architecture enables the addition of new subsystems over the time to cover new demands and service
48、classes. It also provides the ability to import (and adapt) subsystems defined by other standardization bodies. IP-connectivity is provided to NGN user equipment by the transport layer, under the control of the network attachment subsystem (NASS) and the resource and admission control subsystem (RAC
49、S). These subsystems hide the transport technology used in access and core networks below the IP layer. The architecture and related subsystems specifications is a functional architecture. Each subsystem is specified as a set of functional entities and related interfaces. As a result implementers may choose to combine functional entities where this makes sense in the context of the business models, services and capabilities being supported. Where functional entities are combined th
