1、 ETSI TR 103 409 V1.1.1 (2016-10) System Reference document (SRdoc); Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) systems for Electric Vehicles (EV) operating in the frequency band 79 - 90 kHz TECHNICAL REPORT ETSI ETSI TR 103 409 V1.1.1 (2016-10) 2 Reference DTR/ERM-556 Keywords EV, SRDoc, WPT ETSI 650 Route
2、des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice The present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.or
3、g/standards-search The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any existing or perceived difference in
4、contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of st
5、atus. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at https:/portal.etsi.org/TB/ETSIDeliverableStatus.aspx If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: https:/portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx
6、 Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI. The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI
7、. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2016. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are Trade Marks
8、 of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 103 409 V1.1.1 (2016-10) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights 4g3Foreword . 4g3Modal verbs terminology 4g3Exec
9、utive summary 4g3Introduction 4g31 Scope 6g32 References 6g32.1 Normative references . 6g32.2 Informative references 6g33 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7g33.1 Definitions 7g33.2 Symbols 8g33.3 Abbreviations . 8g34 Comments on the System Reference Document 8g35 Background information. 9g35
10、.1 Overview of frequency ranges used by WPT systems worldwide (below 30 MHz) 9g35.2 The WPT technology 9g35.3 Applications developed for use of WPT technologies 10g35.3.1 Introduction. 10g35.3.2 WPT for mobile devices . 10g35.3.3 WPT for Home appliances 10g35.3.4 WPT for Electric vehicles . 10g35.4
11、The societal benefits . 10g36 Market information. 11g36.1 General . 11g36.1.1 WPT systems for charging consumer devices 11g36.1.2 WPT-EV systems 11g36.2 Overview of standards for WPT-EV systems . 11g37 Technical information 12g37.1 Detailed technical description 12g37.2 Technical parameters and impl
12、ications on spectrum 13g37.2.1 Status of technical parameters 13g37.2.1.1 Current ITU and European Common Allocations in the candidate band 13g37.2.1.2 Sharing and compatibility studies already available . 14g37.2.1.3 Sharing and compatibility issues still to be considered . 15g37.2.2 System paramet
13、ers 15g38 Radio spectrum request and justification . 16g39 Regulations . 16g39.1 Current regulations . 16g39.2 Proposed regulation and justification . 17g3Annex A: Information about the situation and history of WPT in ITU 18g3Annex B: Bibliography 19g3History 20g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 409 V1.1.1 (2016-10
14、) 4 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Prop
15、erty Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (https:/ipr.etsi.org/). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR sea
16、rches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by
17、ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). The present document includes necessary information to support the co-operation under the MoU between ETSI and the Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) of the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunica
18、tions Administrations (CEPT). Modal verbs terminology In the present document “should“, “should not“, “may“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “mus
19、t not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. Executive summary The present document analyses the potential and status of Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) systems for Electric Vehicles (EV) - in the following called WPT-EV systems - and the need for regulatory and
20、 standard improvements. Recent developments in the evolution of the WPT-EV technology, evolving ISO and IEC standards (e.g. ISO 19363 i.15 and IEC 61980 i.14) as well as market developments and requirements in private, public, commercial and industrial areas have shown the need for amending ERC/REC
21、70-03 i.2, annex 9 and the EC Decision 2013/752/EU i.3. Specifically, the present document proposes an H-field limit that is approximately 15 dB higher than what is given in the ERC/REC 70-03 i.2 and EC Decision 2013/752/EU i.3 for WPT-EV systems in the frequency band 79 - 90 kHz. Other WPT applicat
22、ions in the frequency bands 19 - 21 kHz, 59 - 61 kHz, 100 - 300 kHz and 6,765 - 6,795 MHz can be covered by the existing regulations. Therefore, the present document does not propose any change in these bands. Introduction Historically, ETSI EN 300 330-1 i.1 and ETSI EN 300 330-2 i.12 had been devel
23、oped for Short Range Devices (SRD) in the band 9 kHz -30 MHz, like e.g. RFID systems operating at 13,56 MHz. When developing those standards, the primary intention was not to apply them also to WPT-EV systems. Despite that fact, WPT is explicitly mentioned in the scope of the latest revision of ETSI
24、 EN 300 330-1 (V1.8.1) i.1 and thus the contained H-field emission limits are also applicable to WPT-EV systems. However, it was noted by the concerned industry that the H-field emission limits outlined there are not appropriate for high-power WPT-EV systems. Such systems can typically transmit powe
25、r in the kilowatt range (e.g. 7,2 kW or 11 kW), which inevitably results in higher magnetic fields needed for the power transmission compared to low-power WPT systems which are e.g. used for charging mobile phones or toothbrushes. This issue is addressed in the present document. ETSI ETSI TR 103 409
26、 V1.1.1 (2016-10) 5 It should be remembered that ERC/REC 70-03 i.2 clearly notes in support of any requested changes: “The pattern of radio use is not static. It is continuously evolving to reflect the many changes that are taking place in the radio environment; particularly in the field of technolo
27、gy. Spectrum allocations must reflect these changes and the position set out in this Recommendation is therefore subject to continuous review.“ ETSI ETSI TR 103 409 V1.1.1 (2016-10) 6 1 Scope The present document provides information on WPT-EV systems operating in the frequency band 79 - 90 kHz. It
28、applies to inductive WPT systems as presently covered by the EC Decision 2013/752/EU i.3 and the ERC/REC 70-03 i.2, annex 9. It reviews the present regulations for inductive WPT systems, the related markets and the evolution of the technology, and it identifies requirements to amend the limits for W
29、PT-EV systems in the 79 - 90 kHz band. The present document includes the necessary information to support the co-operation between ETSI and the ECC including: market information; technical information; regulatory issues. 2 References 2.1 Normative references Normative references are not applicable i
30、n the present document. 2.2 Informative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced do
31、cument (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the us
32、er with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 ETSI EN 300 330-1: “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices (SRD); Radio equipment in the frequency range 9 kHz to 25 MHz and inductive loop systems in the frequency range 9 kHz to 30 MHz; Part 1: Technical
33、characteristics and test methods“. i.2 ERC Recommendation 70-03 (30 September 2015): Relating to the use of Short Range Devices (SRD). i.3 EC Decision 2013/752/EU: Commission Implementing Decision of 11 December 2013 amending Decision 2006/771/EC on harmonisation of the radio spectrum for use by sho
34、rt-range devices and repealing Decision 2005/928/EC. i.4 ETSI TR 102 756 (V1.1.1) (2008-10): “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); System Reference Document for revised spectrum requirements for RFID equipment and inductive loop systems operating in the frequency range 9 k
35、Hz to 148,5 kHz“. i.5 ECC Report 135: “Inductive Limits in the Frequency Range 9 kHz to 148.5 kHz“, Bordeaux, September 2009. i.6 ITU-R Report SM.2303-1 (06/2015): “Wireless power transmission using technologies other than radio frequency beam“. ETSI ETSI TR 103 409 V1.1.1 (2016-10) 7 i.7 Informatio
36、n and project report from the German national funded project “InterOp“. NOTE: Available at http:/www.erneuerbar-mobil.de/de/projekte/foerderung-von-vorhaben-im-bereich-der-elektromobilitaet-ab-2012/kopplung-der-elektromobilitaet-an-erneuerbare-energien-und-deren-netzintegration/interop. i.8 Informat
37、ion and project report from the EU FP7-funded project “UNPLUGGED“. NOTE: Available at http:/www.unplugged-project.eu. i.9 Information from the EU FP7-funded project “FABRIC“. NOTE: Available at http:/www.fabric-project.eu. i.10 ITU-R Working Party 1A, Contribution 1A/4 (2016), Spectra of wireless po
38、wer transfer base stations, Germany (Federal Republic of). i.11 IHS. NOTE: Available at http:/ i.12 ETSI EN 300 330-2: “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices (SRD); Radio equipment in the frequency range 9 kHz to 25 MHz and inductive loop systems in the
39、frequency range 9 kHz to 30 MHz; Part 2: Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R 59 - 61 kHz: WPT systems for trucks/buses, (typically 20 kW) - used in Korea and UK (Milton Keynes) 79 - 90 kHz: WPT systems for EV (passenger cars), (typically 3,7 kW - 20 kW) - used w
40、orldwide 100 - 300 kHz: WPT systems for consumer devices (typically 3,7 kW) energy transmission which is e.g. needed for WPT systems that charge EV batteries. The maximum permissible H-field levels have to be increased due to the following reasons: The currently permitted H-field strength of approx.
41、 68 dBA/m (in 10 m) in the frequency band from 79 - 90 kHz would only allow rather low-power WPT systems (approx. up to 3,7 kW at maximum). However, for charging an EV, a much higher power is desirable to allow charging times as short as possible. The WPT-EV product standards which are currently bei
42、ng developed in IEC, ISO and SAE consider a charging power up to 11 kW (WPT3) or even 22 kW (WPT4). Beside the power level, the H-field emissions are furthermore dependant on the offset between the primary (ground) coil and the secondary (vehicle) coil. The H-field emissions have a minimum at zero o
43、ffset (i.e. perfect alignment), and increase with increasing offset. As it is technically almost impossible - and economically not feasible - to always ensure a perfect alignment, ISO 19363 i.15, IEC 61980 i.14 and SAE J2954 i.16 define a maximum permissible offset of 75 mm (in driving direction) re
44、spectively 100 mm (perpendicular to the driving direction). Also for this parameter, simulations and measurements on current WPT systems for EV have shown that the current H-field limits in the 79 - 90 kHz band are not sufficient to cover that permissible offset. To satisfy the above requirements fo
45、r WPT-EV systems it is proposed to review the present regulation and change the limits in the frequency range from 79 - 90 kHz to 82 dBA/m (at 79 kHz, descending with 3 dB/oct). ETSI ERM has approved a new work item to treat this issue via a new harmonised EN which will deal specifically only with W
46、PT systems (project number ETSI EN 303 417 i.18). The proposed limit should be adopted in this future ETSI EN 303 417 i.18. ECC working group FM is requested to review the proposal for the revision of the ERC/REC 70-03 i.2, annex 9, with regard to the proposed change of the emission levels in the fr
47、equency range 79 - 90 kHz. The EC is requested to consider the proposed change in the regulation at the next update of the EC Decision on harmonisation of the radio spectrum for use by short range devices for inductive devices. ETSI ETSI TR 103 409 V1.1.1 (2016-10) 18 Annex A: Information about the
48、situation and history of WPT in ITU The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly RA-97 approved a question on “Wireless Power Transmission“ (Question ITU-R 210/1) in 1997. WP 1A agreed at its meeting in June 2012 to revise the question with a deadline of 2014 for completion of studies as Question ITU-R 210-3
49、/1 i.17. In June 2013, WP 1A started developing a working document towards preliminary draft new Report ITU-R SM.WPT.non-beam (Wireless power transmission using technologies other than radio frequency beam), a working document towards preliminary draft new Report ITU-R SM.WPT.BEAM (Wireless power transmission via radio frequency beam) and a working document towards a preliminary draft new Recomm
