1、 FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 014-02 Date Action Revisions 2001 07 24 Revised Editorial no technical change A. Cockman 1992 05 12 Printed copies are uncontrolled Page 1 of 9 Copyright 2001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc. FRICTION TEST (SAE #2) FOR AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUIDS AND CLUTCH PLATES Ap
2、plication This method is used to determine the frictional characteristics of automatic transmission fluids when tested against standard reference clutch friction plates or, conversely, testing clutch plates against reference transmission fluids. Apparatus 1. SAE #2 disc clutch friction test fixture,
3、 peripheral equipment, and instrumentation, available as a complete package. Source: Greening Associates, Inc. 19465 Mt. Elliott Detroit, Michigan 48234 2. Flywheel attachments to provide the inertia specified in the applicable ES document. They are obtained from the tester manufacturer. 3. Clutch p
4、ack components to meet requirements of ES specification, as follows: (a) Friction plates (b) Steel separator plates (c) Hub (mates to friction plates) (d) Retainer (mates to separator plates) (e) Pressure plate, to meet specified clearance. Items (a) and (b) are expendable and are used for one test
5、sequence only. Number and type vary with the ES specification. Items (c), (d) and (e) are obtained from the tester manufacturer and will vary with different plate sizes. Conditioning and Test Conditions All test values indicated herein are based on material conditioned in a controlled atmosphere of
6、23 +/- 2 C and 50 +/- 5 % relative humidity for not less than 24 h prior to testing and tested under the same conditions unless otherwise specified. FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 014-02 Page 2 of 9 Copyright 2001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Description of Method The SAE #2 Friction Test Fixture
7、 (Figure 1) consists of a bearing mounted clutch housing which can rotate independently of the motor drive shaft, but is restrained by a lever arm acting on a load cell, which provides torque measurement during a clutch engagement. Appropriate flywheel segments are mounted on the opposite end of the
8、 motor shaft, providing the specified inertia. Axial force to engage the clutch pack is provided by a double-acting air-actuated piston, the apply pressure in the piston apply chamber being measured by a transducer. An open water circuit through a jacket around the clutch cavity provides temperature
9、 regulation; oil temperature is measured by a thermocouple located near the clutch plates (Figure 2). Speed is measured at the flywheel by a timing belt and servo tach-generator arrangement. During clutch engagement, the torque, apply pressure, speed, and temperature measurements are recorded on a l
10、ight-beam oscillograph, giving a plot of the dynamic test results (Figures 3 and 4). Static breakaway torque is measured by recording load versus time while the clutch is slowly rotated while apply pressure is on (Figure 5). The highest point on the static breakaway torque trace is used in the calcu
11、lation of the breakaway static friction coefficient. Interpretation of these curves provides the static and dynamic test results for comparison to specified requirements. Other recorded information includes temperature and apply pressure. Operating Conditions Each clutch pack tested requires approxi
12、mately one quart of transmission fluid, exclusive of flushing. The following operating conditions must be specified in the applicable ES material or ES performance specification: 1. Temperature 2. Clutch apply and release pressure 3. Motor speed 4. Kinetic energy (or flywheel selection) 5. Cycle tim
13、ing (seconds) (a) Motor on, clutch released (b) Motor off, clutch applied (c) Motor off, clutch released FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 014-02 Page 3 of 9 Copyright 2001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc. 6. Clutch pack details (a) Number of plates (b) Type of plates (c) Pack clearance 7. Oscilloscope
14、recorder settings (a) Paper speed - meters/minute (b) Dynamic torque scale - Newton meters per cm (c) Static torque scale - Newton meters per cm 8. Static breakaway test speed - rpm Test Procedure 1. Assemble test fixture except for clutch plates. 2. Thoroughly clean clutch cavity with steam and flu
15、sh once with test fluid. 3. Drain fixture and remove the bearing support and cover plate assembly. 4. Soak the friction plates in the test fluid for 15 minutes before installation. 5. Install the steel separator plates and friction plates as specified by the Engineering specification. 6. Install one
16、 and only one pressure plate of appropriate thickness to obtain the specified pack clearance. 7. Reassemble the bearing support and cover plate assembly. 8. Fill the fixture with the test fluid. 9. Test may start when the temperature is within 10 or 15C of the specified temperature. It is possible t
17、o preheat fairly rapidly by running the motor without applying the clutch, and/or running hot water or steam through the cooling jacket. 10. Four or five test cycles should suffice to bring to specified temperature after preheating as above. Then adjust coolant to maintain T +/- 3 C. FORD LABORATORY
18、 TEST METHOD BJ 014-02 Page 4 of 9 Copyright 2001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc. 11. Take oscillograph recordings of apply pressure, speed, torque, and temperature as specified in the ES document. 12. Perform breakaway static torque test as specified in the ES document. Record the torque trace for
19、calculation of the static friction coefficient. 13. If the test requires more than clutch pack, repeat steps 4 through 12 with a fresh pack. 14. Interpret charts and report results as specified in the applicable ES document. Chemicals, materials, parts, and equipment referenced in this document must
20、 be used and handled properly. Each party is responsible for determining proper use and handling in its facilities. FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 014-02 Page 5 of 9 Copyright 2001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc. FRICTION TEST (SAE #2) FOR AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUIDS AND CLUTCH PLATES SAE No. 2 Fr
21、iction Test Fixture Figure 1 FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 014-02 Page 6 of 9 Copyright 2001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc. FRICTION TEST (SAE #2) FOR AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUIDS AND CLUTCH PLATES SAE No. 2 Thermocouple Location Figure 2 FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 014-02 Page 7 of 9 Copyrigh
22、t 2001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc. FRICTION TEST (SAE #2) FOR AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUIDS AND CLUTCH PLATES TYPICAL DYNAMIC CURVE FOR A TYPE-F AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID FOR EXAMPLE, ESW-M2C33-F Figure 3 FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 014-02 Page 8 of 9 Copyright 2001, Ford Global Technologi
23、es, Inc. FRICTION TEST (SAE #2) FOR AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUIDS AND CLUTCH PLATES TYPICAL DYNAMIC CURVE FOR FRICTION-MODIFIED AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID FOR EXAMPLE, ESP-M2C138-CJ Figure 4 FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 014-02 Page 9 of 9 Copyright 2001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc. FRICTION TEST (SAE #2) FOR AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUIDS AND CLUTCH PLATES TYPICAL STATIC FRICTION CURVE Figure 5
