1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS General Specification GMW14797 Painted Plastic Parts Performance Requirements Copyright 2012 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved March 2012 Originating Department: North American Engineering Standards Page 1 of 30 1 Introduction 1.1 Scope. This standard covers
2、 organic surface coatings on plastic parts and components used for automotive exterior and interior applications on motor vehicles, and also for painted components within the engine compartment. 1.2 Mission/Theme. This specification details the performance requirements for applied paints on plastic
3、parts used for either exterior, interior or engine compartment applications on motor vehicles. This also covers performance requirements for painted, chrome plated parts. This includes the laboratory test requirements for GM Approved Paint on Parts (APOPS), Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) ap
4、proval, processing conditions, and routine quality control for exterior and interior plastic painted automobile components. 1.2.1 APOPS Approval vs. PPAP Approval. APOPS is intended as detailed review of a new combination of substrate/paint/paint process for a specific molder/painter. This is accomp
5、lished by the GM Materials Engineer with the supplier. An APOPS approval is documented with either: i) Entry into either the MATSPC/APOPS database available on GM SupplyPower. ii) Entry into the APOPS spreadsheet loaded on GM SupplyPower. iii) Approval document from GM to supplier. Typically, the mo
6、lder/painter may re-use the APOPS approval for an additional new part that has the same substrate/paint/paint process, however, the GM Materials Engineer may request an APOPS submission or additional testing at their discretion. For new combinations of substrate/paint/painter, the APOPS data is ofte
7、n used for part (e.g., for exterior parts) or all (e.g., interior parts) of the PPAP submission. In all cases, the APOPS approval documentation is required with the PPAP package. Reference PPAP Checklist, Table A15. 1.2.2 Raw Material Approvals. This specification applies only to substrate and paint
8、 related materials that have been qualified and approved to the appropriate GM specifications. 1.2.2.1 Substrates. The substrate must be approved to the appropriate GM material specification. For previously unpainted substrates, substrate paintability may be demonstrated per GMW16172 (plaques or par
9、ts), or via APOPS testing to the appropriate table: Table A1A for exterior applications (including weathering of parts per Table A1A, Note 5) Table A1B for exterior applications with paint over chrome (including weathering of parts per Table A1B) Table A3 for engine compartment applications Table A4
10、 for interior trim applications (including paint over chrome). 1.2.2.2 Paints. GMW3005 requirements must be met for approval to the appropriate, e.g., 998XXXX paint specification for exterior applications. GM9620M must be met for all new paint colors when applicable, as specified. GMW14867 must be m
11、et for the appropriate, e.g., GMWXXXX paint substrate specific specification for interior paints. 1.3 Classification. Not applicable. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 External Standards/Specifications. ASTM D3763 ISO 105-A02 ISO 660
12、3-2 SAE J1976 ISO/IEC 17025 ISO 2808 ISO 20433 SAE J2527 ISO/TS 16949 Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14797 Copyright 201
13、2 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved March 2012 Page 2 of 30 2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. 9984260 9984901 GMW3059 GMW14829 9984308 9984904 GMW14124 GMW14867 9984808 9984905 GMW14333 GMW15520 9984810 B 040 0540 GMW14444 GMW15891 9984815 GM4389M GMW14445 GMW15919 9984818 GM9233P GMW14698 G
14、MW16133 9984824 GM9503P GMW14700 GMW16172 9984836 GM9531P GMW14701 GMW16554 9984861 GM9620M GMW14704 GMW16745 9984862 GMW3005 GMW14729 GMW16746 2.3 Additional References. None. 3 Test Preparation and Evaluation 3.1 Resources. Not applicable. 3.1.1 Calibration. The test facilities and equipment shall
15、 be in good working order and shall have a valid calibration label. 3.1.2 Alternatives. Alternative test facilities and equipment may also be used. However, all measuring variables as specified in this standard shall be determined correctly with respect to their physical definition. 3.1.3 Facilities
16、. 3.1.3.1 For APOPS Testing. All APOPS testing shall be performed in an accredited laboratory. Laboratory accreditations to ISO/IEC 17025 are acceptable. 3.1.3.2 For PPAP Testing. Tests performed outside of GM are to use a lab from an organization that is either third party registered to ISO/TS 1694
17、9 or has laboratory accreditations to ISO/IEC 17025. 3.1.3.3 All testing is the responsibility of the GM supplier who applies paint to the parts in question. 3.1.4 Equipment. Not applicable. 3.1.5 Test Vehicle/Test Piece. Not applicable. 3.1.6 Test Time. Not applicable. 3.1.7 Test Required Informati
18、on. Not applicable. 3.1.8 Personnel/Skills. Not applicable. 3.2 Preparation. 3.2.1 Bake. All bakes must comply with GM Paint approved bake charts for each specific product. GM Paint approved bake charts are those that have an approval signature of the responsible engineer at the bottom. These bake c
19、harts may be obtained from the paint suppliers. 3.2.1.1 For Exterior Grade Parts. All Thermoplastic Polyolefin (TPO) substrates must be processed using any of the following three options: Option 1: High-bake adhesion promoter + topcoat systems. The adhesion promoter (e.g., 9984808, 9984810, 9984818)
20、 is applied wet on wet and co-baked with an approved topcoat high bake system (e.g., 9984836, 9984861, 9984862) in accordance with the GM Paint approved bake chart. Option 2: Low-bake adhesion promoter + topcoat systems. The adhesion promoter (e.g., 9984905) is applied wet on wet and co-baked with a
21、n approved topcoat low bake system (e.g., 9984904, 9984901) in accordance with the GM Paint approved bake chart. Option 3: Flame treated + topcoat systems, low bake or Flame treated + primer + topcoat systems, low bake. Flame treated (GMW16133) and bake with an approved topcoat (e.g. 9984836, 998486
22、1, 9984862, 9984901, 9984904) or with an approved primer (e.g.; 9984815, 9984824) plus topcoat (e.g.; 9984836, 9984861, 9984862, 9984901, 9984904). 3.2.1.2 Interior paint bake charts are stored in the GM Materials File, MATSPC, or held by the regional Materials Engineer responsible for interior pain
23、t raw material approval. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14797 Copyright 2012 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved
24、March 2012 Page 3 of 30 3.2.2 Additional Requirements for Exterior. 3.2.2.1 Reprocessing. Defined as running a previously finished part through the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) process. The reprocessing must agree with the Material Data Sheet and recommendation from the Paint Material Suppl
25、ier. The following must be followed at a minimum for all part reprocesses. 3.2.2.1.1 All reprocessed parts must meet all the requirements stated in this specification and all other specifications and requirements listed on the engineering drawing. 3.2.2.1.2 Sanding to substrate is not allowed. Sandi
26、ng is allowed on the topcoat system to remove surface imperfections or defects. Documentation of sanding process is required. 3.2.2.1.3 Clearcoat over Clearcoat and Adhesion Promoter over Adhesion Promoter is not permitted. 3.2.2.1.4 Topcoats and color keyed or color specific primers are to be repai
27、red with the same OEM or two-tone color only, specified by the GM color code number, for example WA6502 (i.e., white over white, red over red, etc.) 3.2.2.1.5 The maximum number of reprocess applications is two for primer and two for topcoat as given in Table 1. For GM Europe and GM Holden, multiple
28、 coatings are defined for maximum one single over-painting of the complete paint system. Multiple coatings are not permissible for original equipment parts and parts for after sales service. Exception: Multiple coatings for original equipment parts are only permissible, if the coloring is acceptable
29、. No adverse changes are permissible. Table 1: Reprocessing Requirements Paint Layer Number of OEM Applications Maximum Reprocess Applications Maximum Number of Bakes Maximum Total Film Build (of Given Paint Layer) Primer 1 2 3 100 (4 mil) Topcoat 1 2 3 225 (9 mil) Total 2 4 6 325 (13 mil) 3.2.2.1.6
30、 A part may see a total of six heat cycles in paint and a total of seven heat cycles including post-cure. 3.2.2.1.7 All film builds must meet the minimum requirements specified on the engineering drawing and the maximum requirements given in Table 2 unless otherwise specified. Table 2: Maximum Film
31、Builds Layer Maximum Film Build Primer 100 (4 mil) Topcoat 225 (9 mil) 3.2.2.2 Spot repair is not a GM approved process for painted parts (except for sheet molding compound (SMC). 3.2.2.2.1 Unless otherwise agreed, SMC must be repaired to meet the requirements in GM9233P. 3.2.3 For Interior Reproces
32、sing. Defined as running a previously finished part through the original (OEM) process. The reprocessing must agree with the Material Data Sheet and recommendation from the Paint Material Supplier. The following must be followed at a minimum for all part reprocesses: 3.2.3.1 The maximum number of re
33、process applications is one for primer and one for topcoat. 3.2.3.2 All reprocessed parts must meet all the requirements stated in this specification and all other specifications and requirements listed on the engineering drawing. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with G
34、eneral Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14797 Copyright 2012 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved March 2012 Page 4 of 30 3.2.3.3 Sanding to substrate is not allowed. Sanding is allowed on the
35、 topcoat system to remove surface imperfections or defects. Documentation of sanding process is required. 3.2.4 For Exterior Components with Paint Over Chrome. Components that are chrome plated and subsequently painted must be painted with a topcoat system that is approved to either 9984308 or GMW16
36、554. 3.2.5 For Interior Components with Paint Over Chrome. Components that are chrome plated and subsequently painted must be painted with a topcoat that is approved to GMW16554 or 9984260, and meets the requirements of GMW14867 - fogging, oven age at 105 C, odor, Xenon and sunscreen. 3.3 Conditions
37、. 3.3.1 Environmental Conditions. Not applicable. 3.3.2 Test Conditions. Deviations from the requirements of this standard shall have been agreed upon. Such requirements shall be specified on component drawings, test certificates, reports, etc. Tests shall be conducted using the latest issue of the
38、test procedures indicated. Unless otherwise specified, painted samples shall be subjected to the testing after a minimum aging period of 72 h following the baking or drying cycle. A shorter aging period may be used, provided it is recognized that this represents a more severe condition of test and t
39、hat results obtained at different aging times under 72 h are not a good basis for comparing the relative performance characteristics of paint finishes. 3.4 Instructions. Figure 1 depicts the APOPS approval process. Parts furnished for APOPS approval shall meet the test requirements as shown in the a
40、ppropriate table for the component application. 3.4.1 Component Testing/APOPS - for Painted Exterior, Painted Interior, and Painted Engine Compartment Components. Component testing is to be performed for the production part per Table A1A for exterior, Table A1B for exterior components with paint ove
41、r chrome, Table A3 for engine compartment components, and Table A4 for interior trim components (including paint over chrome). This testing is required for APOPS approval. Each molder/painter must have APOPS approval for each combination of substrate/paint/paint process. Once the molder/painter has
42、APOPS approval for a given combination of substrate/paint/paint process, this approval may also be used for other components that use the same combination of substrate/paint/paint process. If any changes are made in the substrate, paint, or paint process, APOPS testing on components must be repeated
43、 and reviewed with the appropriate GM Engineer. Additionally, PPAP testing must be completed for each unique part. Note: The APOPS process is not applicable for skinned polyurethane parts. See 4.2.3 on PPAP requirements. 3.4.1.1 All specimens for testing must be obtained from parts that have been mo
44、lded, painted and processed using the same equipment, tools, materials, processing conditions and manufacturing locations that will be used to manufacture production parts for vehicle assembly. If regrind is allowed, all specimens for testing must be obtained from production parts that are made from
45、 the maximum allowable regrind as stated on the drawing. 3.4.1.2 Each test must be completed on a minimum of three samples, each obtained from separate parts (except fascias - see 3.4.1.3). 3.4.1.3 For fascia systems, triplicate samples need not be obtained from three separate fascias due to the siz
46、e and cost of fascias. In this case, three samples may be taken from different locations on the same part. See Figure 2 for example of testing locations. Since fascias vary in design, see responsible GM Materials Engineer if assistance is needed in choosing the locations. 3.4.1.4 For Exterior, testi
47、ng shall be performed in two colors: White and Light Metallic for original non-repaired parts. If the color palette contains a Tricoat (such as Bright White Diamond), that color must be tested in addition to the two standard colors. If the two standard colors are not contained in the color palette,
48、the GM Materials Engineer may approve substitutions. 3.4.1.4.1 Testing to Table A1A must also be performed on a reprocessed part in White only. For General Motors North America (GMNA), test on a part that has seen two primer reprocesses and two topcoat reprocesses (example: primer-bake, primer-bake,
49、 primer-bake, topcoat-bake, topcoat-bake, topcoat-bake - six paint layers). For General Motors Europe (GME) and General Motors Holden (GMH), only one primer reprocess and one topcoat reprocess is to be tested (primer-bake, topcoat-bake, primer-bake, topcoat-bake - four paint layers). If white is not contained in the color palette, use the color with the highest film build. 3.4.1.5 For Interior, testing shall be performed in each production color for the application. Copy
