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3、 - 56236 2014 ( 6341:2012) III 1 . 1 2 . 2 3 . 3 4 . 3 5 . 4 6 B .15 () () .18 () - .24 () ( ) .30 D () (LID) ( B) () Daphnia magna Straus ( ) 32 () 6341:2012, 33 () .36 .38 56236 2014 ( 6341:2012) 1 Daphnia magna Straus Water. Determination of toxicity by survival of freshwater crustaceans Daphnia
4、magna Straus 2016 01 01 1 ( -), ( -), ( ) 6,0 /3 ( ) Daphnia magna Straus ( -): - - ( ); - ( ) - - ( B); , , , , . : - (50) , - 50 % -, (10), - 48 (96 ) 10 % ; - (50) , - 50 % -, (10) , - - 48 10 % . 6,0 /3 - 31959. 1 , - , , -, , 96 . 2 - B 48 . 3 (50) 96 96 50, (50) 48 48 50. 4 . 56236 2014 ( 6341
5、:2012) 2 5 , . - . , : - , -; - (20 2) ; - 80 %; - 84 106 (630 800 . .); 2 : 17.1.5.0180 . . 17.1.5.0585 . . - , 17.4.3.0183 . . 17.4.4.0284 . . -, 11278 . 61275 . (II) 4-. 177074 (ISO 1042-83, ISO 4788-80) . -, , , . 249375 . 3-. 311877 . . 414774 . (III) 6-. 414878 . (II) 7-. 417477 . 7-. 419875 .
6、 . 420179 . . 421777 . . 4220 75 . . 423477 . . 432877 . . 446177 . . 452377 . 7-. 670972 . 914780 . 965675 . . 1202676 . 120712000 . , , / 170252009 - 191262007 . 2533682 . , - 27065 86 . 27753.188 . 27753.2-88 . 2816889 . 2922791 ( 835-11981) . -. I. 30416 2012 . . 318612012 . 562372014 ( 5667-5:2
7、006) . 56236 2014 ( 6341:2012) 3 319592012 ( 14669:1999) . - 532282008 . 1. - . 538572010 . 538582010 - . - , 1 , - . , , . -, , - (). -, , , , , . , , , , - . 3 27065, : 3.1 (control solution): , - -. 3.2 (immobility): - 15 , , . 3.3 50 (EC50): , 50 % - . 3.4 (neonate): -. 24 . 3.5 (test party): . 3.6 ; (effective multiplicity of dilution): (, ) ( ) , - 48 96 . 3.7 : , 48 ( 96 ) - 10 % . 3.8 (toxicity): ( , ), - , - . 4 4.1 , - 31861, 56237, 1, 2 3, 500 3. 31861 56237. , . 56236 2014 ( 6341:2012) 4 4.2 17.1.5.01 2 . 12 -. : - 48 0 4 ; -
