1、STD-ITU-T HDBK IFT-ENGL 1991 m 4862593 0683958 574 E INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION CCITT THE INTERNATIONAL TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE CO NSU LTATIVE COM M ITTE E ISDN FIELD TRIAL GUIDELINES HANDBOOK STD-ITU-T HDBK IFT-ENGL 1991 4862593 Ob83959 420 INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UN ION CCITT TH
2、E INTERNATIONAL TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEE ISDN FIELD TRIAL GUIDELINES HANDBOOK Geneva, 1991 STDmITU-T HDBK IFT-ENGL 1991 H 48b2591 0681960 142 c ?. O ITU 1991 Ali rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic o
3、r mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. Table of Contents Foreword 1. Introduction 1.1 Introduction 2. Objectives of the Field Trial 2.1 Categories of Objectives 2.2 23 2.4 2.5 Summary Objectives Based on Market Considerations Objectives Based
4、on OAM Considerations Objectives Based on Technology Considerations 3. Planning 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 Introduction Assessment of Existing Network Preparatory Planning Configuration Services interworking Fundamental Technical Plans Dimensioning and Provisioning Rules Cost Planning
5、Consideration Additional Requirements 4. Project Management 4.1 introduction 4.2 Allocation of Responsibilities 4.3 Project Management Team Structure 4.4 Project Management Tools 4.5 Project Plan and Schedule 4.6 Documentation 4.7 Site Preparation 4.8 4.9 Cost Management 4.10 Implementation 4.11 Eva
6、luation Training of Field Trial Staff 1 1 3 3 4. 5 6 8 9 9 9 10 11 11 14 14 15 15 16 18 18 18 21 22 22 24 25 25 25 25 26 STD-ITU-T HDBK IFT-ENGL L993 I 4862593 ObBL9b2 TL5 Table of Contents (Contd) 5. 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 6. 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 7. 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 0. 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.
7、4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 8.10 8.11 Specification Method 27 Introduction Functional Requirements Performance Requirements CCITT Recommendations Local and Regional Standards Manufacturers Specifications 27 27 28 28 30 31 Access Requirements 33 Introduction Access Reference Points Access Methods User-Netw
8、ork Interface Customer Line Transmission Aspects 33 33 34 36 41 Customer Equipment Requirements 46 Network Termination 46 CEQ Requirements to be Considered While Planning Field Trials 46 Logical Organization of Terminals in Customers Premises 47 Terminal Selection 47 Functional Requirements of an IS
9、DN Terminal 48 Switching Devices at Customers Premises 49 ISDN Terminals 50 Summary 51 Network Requirements Introduction ISDN Architecture Characteristics ISDN Field Trial Network Considerations Field Trial Network Model Services and Applications User Equipment Switching Nodes Protocols Internodal L
10、inks Interworking Summary 52 52 52 57 59 60 62 62 63 63 63 75 IV i STD-ITU-T HDBK IFT-ENGL 1991 48b259L Obd19b3 951 Table of Contents (Contd) 9. Switching Requirements 76 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 Introduction Architecture Hardware Requirements Call Control Circuit Switch Capability Packet
11、 Switch Capability Leased Line Capability Traffic Considerations CCIT Signalling System No. 7 76 76 79 81 84 85 85 86 87 1 O. Operations, Administration, and Maintenance 91 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Operations 10.3 Administration 10.4 Maintenance 91 91 92 92 11. Implementation and Operation of Field Tr
12、ial 96 11.1 Implementation of Field Trial 11.2 Test Requirements 11.3 Implementation Strategy 11.4 Operation of Field Trial 96 96 97 97 12. Field Trial Evaluation 98 12.1 Services and New Applications 12.2 Operations 12.3 Cost Considerations 12.4 CEQ Technical Factors 12.5 Network Resources Performa
13、nce 12.6 General Factors 12.7 Market Potential 12.8 Final Report and Conclusions 98 98 98 98 99 99 99 99 Appendix 1 Abbreviations V Illustrations Figure 3.4.1 Figure 3.4.2 Figure 5.4.1 Figure 5.4.2 Figure 6.2.1 Figure 6.4.1 Figure 6.4.2 Figure 6.4.3 Figure 6.5.1 Figure 6.5.2 Figure 7.6.1 Figure 8.2.
14、1 Figure 8.2.2 Figure 8.2.3A Figure 8.2.38 Figure 8.3.1 Figure 8.4.1 Figure 8.4.2 Figure 8.10.1 Figure 8.10.2 Figure 8.10.3 Figure 8.10.4 Figure 8.10.5 Figure 8.10.6 Figure 8.10.7 Figure 8.10.8 Figure 8.10.9 Figure 9.2.1 Figure 9.2.2 Figure 9.3.1 Figure 9.3.2 Customer Environment Example . 12 Networ
15、k Environment Example . 13 Structure of I-Series Recommendations . 29 ISDN-Related Recommendations . 30 Layered Protocol Structure at the ISDN User-Network Interface 36 Signal Transmission and Power-Feeding Between TE and NT for a BRA . 37 Reference Configuration for JSDN Access . 34 Wiring Configur
16、ation . 38 Digital Section and Transmission System Boundaries 41 Basic Network Capabilities Architecture . 53 Loop Interface Attenuation 44 An Example of Use of ISDN PABX at Customers Premises 49 Global ISDN Interconnection 55 Intemational Connection Element 56 International Connection Element 56 In
17、terworking 58 ISDN Field Trial Model 60 JSDN Enhanced Field Trial Model 61 ISDN/ISDN Packet Mode Interworking Where Both ISDNs Support the ISDN Virtual Circuit Bearer Service . 66 ISDN/ISDN Circuit Mode Interworking . 66 Interworking by Call Control Mapping . 67 ISDN/ISDN Interworking Where a Circui
18、t-Switched Bearer is Requested to One ISDN and a Virtual Circuit Bearer Service is Requested to the Other ISDN 67 CSPDN /ISDN(PS) In terworking 69 CSPDN/ISDN Interworking Where a Circuit-Switched Bearer Service is Requested to the ISDN 69 Use of an ISDN Virtual Circuit Bearer Service, ISDN(PS) /PSPD
19、N Interworking . 71 Interworking by Call Control Mapping . 71 The Data Transmission Services Provided by PSPDNs Interworking With ISDN Where a Circuit-Switched Bearer is Requested to the ISDN . 72 ISDN Overlay Network 77 Application of Basic Acess Multiplexer . 78 Basic Rate Access Card . 80 Primary
20、 Rate Access Card 81 Vi STDaITU-T HDBK IFT-ENGL 3973 m 4862593 Ob839b5 724 m I I I u st rat ions (Contd) Figure 9.9.1 Figure 10.4.1 CCT Signalling System No. 7 Network Resources. 88 ISDN Access Maintenance Functions . 94 Tables Table 5.4.1 ISDN and Related CC Recommendations . 31 Table 6.3.1 Types o
21、f Channels . 35 Table 6.3.2 Type and Structures of User-Network Interface 36 Table 6.5.1 Example of Cable Loss for Loop Calculation 44 Table 8.10.1A Recommendation X.320/1.520 Interworking Between Integrated Services Networks 65 Table 8.10.1B Recommendation X.320/1.520 Interworking Between Table 8.1
22、0.2A Recommendation X.321 /I.540 Interworking Between CSPDN and ISDN 68 Table 8.10.2B Recommendation X.321 /IS40 Interworking Between CSPDN and ISDN 68 Table 8.10.3A Recommendation X.325 Interworking Between PSPDN and ISDN 70 Table 8.10.3B Recommendation X.325 Interworking Between PSPDN and ISDN 70
23、Table 8.10.48 ISDN Bearer Services and Connection Types Suitable for ISDN-PSTN Interworking 74 Table 9.9.1 CC Signalling System No . 7 Recommendations . 89 Integrated Services Digital Networks 65 Table 8.10.4A Key ISDN and PSTN Characteristics 73 STDOITU-T HDBK IFT-ENGL 1791 48b2591 Ob839b7 5T7 W FO
24、REWORD This document is intended to provide guidelines for an ISDN field trial. It is not intended to be a tutorial on ISDN, a specification or a substitute for CClT Recommendations. These guidelines have been prepared by CC Study Group XVIII to provide the necessary background to enable administrat
25、ions to effectively plan and conduct field trials of EDNs in accordance with its and the end users requirements. The document is the compilation of contributions made by CCITT SG XVIII members. The range of activities involved in planning, implementing, and evaluating the field trial are presented i
26、n a logical sequence of chapters as follows: Chapter 1 (Introduction) summarizes the history of ICDN standardization by CCITT and sets forth the purpose and goals of the document. Chapter 2 (Objectives of the Field Trial) describes the scope and the general steps to be taken in setting the objective
27、s of a field trial. Chapter 3 (Manning) deals with the logical steps necessary for planning a field trial to maximize the value of the results. Chapter 4 (Project Management) discusses the requirement for appropriate management of the field trial and describes the functional groups that must interac
28、t in conducting the trial. Chapter 5 (Specification Method) provides guidance for specification of a trial network. It defines functional requirements and performance requirements based on CCIT Recommendations, regional standards, and manufacturers specifications. Chapter 6 (Access Requirements) des
29、cribes in detail the various types of access methods standardized in CCIT Recommendations. Chapter 7 (Customer Equipment Requirements) details the configuration of customer equipment including the functional requirements for various terminals and terminal adapters. Chapter 8 (Network Requirements) d
30、eals with those aspects of ISDN network technology required for an administration to implement a field trial. Chapter 9 (Switching Requirements) outlines the requirements for a switching system to be used in an ISDN field trial. Circuit switching, packet switching, and Signalling System No. 7 are co
31、vered. IX STDmITU-T HDBK IFT-ENGL LSl B 4862591 0683968 433 Chapter 10 (Operation, Administration, and Maintenance Requirements) dehes parameter development, test, and measurement requirements necessary for provision and evaluation of quaiity of service. Chapter 11 (Implementation and Operation of F
32、ield Trial) provides recommended Chapter 12 (Evaluation of Field Trial Results) deals with the completion of the field trial techniques for implementing and operating the trial. and suggests the performance aspects to be evaluated and reported. X STD-ITU-T HDBK IFT-ENGL 199L W 48625911 0683969 37T W
33、 900710/90-50 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) standardization activities were initiated in CCITT in the early 1970s as a vision for telecommunication network evolution taking account of The impact on network evolution, particularly of ata networks, of the
34、implementation of integrated digitai switching and transmission (Integrated Digital Network-IDN) for improved economic viability and performance of voice networks. The potential marriage between computers and telecommunications for enhanced control and advanced services. Work based on these early id
35、eas initiated the fmt CCI“ Recommendation on ISDN (Recommendation G.703), which gave an outline description of ISDN and was included in the CCITT Yellow Book published in 1980. The efinition in Recommendation (3.703 provided the focus for the twenty-nine (29) CCIT Recommendations issued in the 1984
36、CCIT Red Book. This skeleton set of Recommendations covered Access, Services, and Network Standards and was used by all counmes as the basis for ISDN field mals initiated between 1985 and 1988. The considerable amount of development work undertaken by manufacturers and network providers to implement
37、 these field mais in a number of different countries provided substantial clarification, consolidation, and extensions to the initial set of twenty-nine (29) Recommendations. As a result of this additional work, implementable standars were developed covering Access and Network Protocols for basic ca
38、lls, bearer and supplementary service definitions, and network requirements, including interworking between ISDN and existing network services. These implementable standards are contained in sixty-five (65) Recommendations in the 1988 CCIT Blue Book. They required the cooperative efforts of many org
39、anizations and provide a sound basis for the ongoing development of ISDN commercial service as a natural extension to field mal installations. Work is continuing within the CCITT to further enhance the ISDN Recommendations. By the end of 1988, there were an estimated thirty-four (34) operational fie
40、ld mal sites worldwide, implemented in eight counaies, including two countries that commenced commercial service in 1988. There are many forecasts of ISDNpenetration: One common thread running through these forecasts is that ISDN is expected to penetrate to approximately 5 percent of all digital bus
41、iness lines by the mid 1990s. Penetration to residentid lines is expected to start in the mid 1990s. With the increased momentum worldwide to provide the enhanced services and 1 applications potential which ISDN offers, it is expected that many more countries will initiate ISDN field mals during the
42、 next few years. This document on ISDN field trial guidelines has been prepared specifically to provide help and guidance to those countries wishing to initiate ISDN field mals. The document calls on the experience already gained through existing ISDN installations to provide the necessary backgroun
43、d and information. Additionally many countries have already progressed towards integrated digital switching and transmission for voice networks, (commonly referred to as IDN) as a necessary precursor to the introduction of ISDN. The primary purpose of the field trial guidelines handbook is to suppor
44、t development of planning and implementation requirements necessary for the conduct of a successful ISDN mal, including evaluation of the results. Depending on the scope of the field trial being considered, not all aspects of these guidelines will apply. In general it covers the following: What must
45、 be done before the trial, e.g., objectives, scope and planning. What must be done during the trial, e.g., requirements and implementation. What must be done after the mal, e.g., evaluation and follow-up. The guidelines document assumes that the ISDN field trial wili be conducted by the addition of
46、new systems, or by the upgrading of existing systems, in the network. The provision of ISDN to PABX systems as well as to public network systems is taken into account, depending on the magnitude of the trial to be conducted. This handbook focuses on those aspects particular to the conduct of the ISD
47、N mal. Areas which are generic to the provision of existing services and network capabilities are not covered, for example, network management, switch requirements for current services and internode transmission systems are not included. The document deals with 64-kbiVs ISDN. It does not cover mals
48、for broadband ISDN or Intelligent Networks (INS); many of the IN services, however, may be considered in a 64-kbit/s based ISDN. In general, throughout this handbook the terms user, subscriber, and customer are used interchangeably. 2 STD.ITU-T HDBK IFT-ENGL 1991 m 48b259L ObBL97L TZ8 2. OBJECTIVES
49、OF THE FIELD TRIAL The objectives of the field trial must be agreed to at the earliest point in the planning of the trial. The objectives focus on why the trial is taking place, what results are expected, and what decisions will be possible following the evaluation of the results. 2.1 Categories of Objectives Some specific objectives in each category are suggested in the following paragraphs as examples for consideration to help the initial planning for the field mal. The requirements and capabilities of ISDN are given in Sections 6 to 9 of
