1、 KSKSKSKSKSKSKSK KSKSKS KSKSK KSKS KSK KS KS A ISO ASTM 51707 KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 2012 11 23 http:/www.kats.go.krKS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 : ( ) ( ) () ( ) : () ( ) () ( ) () () () () ( ) () : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) ： ：2005 9 30 ：2012 11 23 2012-0633 ： ：() ( 02-509-7270) (http:/www.kats.go.k
2、r). 10 5 , . KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 i ii . iii 1 1 2 1 2.1 ASTM .1 2.2 ISO/ASTM 1 2.3 ISO .2 2.4 ICRU 2 3 2 4 9 5 .10 5.1 .10 5.2 , , 10 5.3 .11 5.4 12 5.5 13 6 15 6.1 .15 6.2 A 16 6.3 B 16 7 .17 8 .21 9 .22 10 22 A( ) 23 42 KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 ii . , , . , , . KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 iii 20
3、05 2 ISO/ASTM 51707, Guide for estimating uncertainties in dosimetry for radiation processing . KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 Guide for estimating uncertainties in dosimetry for radiation processing 1 1.1 , X- ( ), , . , , “ ”, , . , . , ( ) . ISO (2.3 ). (bias) . A 5 . 1.2 . 1 41) . 1.3 . , . 2 2.1 ASTM
4、 2)E 170, Terminology Relating to Radiation Measurements and Dosimetry E 177, Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Accuracy as Applied to Measurement of a Property of a Material E 178, Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations E 456, Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics E 876,
5、 Practice for Use of Statistics In the Evaluation of Spectrometric Data E 1249, Practice for Minimizing Dosimetry Errors in Radiation Hardness Testing of Silicon Electronic Devices Using Co-60 Sources 2.2 ISO/ASTM 2)KS A ISO ASTM 51275, KS A ISO ASTM 51400, 1) . 2) ASTM ISO/ASTM , ASTM www.astm.org
6、serviceastm.org ASTM Customer Service . ASTM , ASTM . KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 2 51204, Practice for Dosimetry in Gamma Irradiation Facilities for Food Processing 51205, Practice for Use of a Ceric-Cerous Sulfate Dosimetry System 51261, Guide for Selection and Calibration of Dosimetry Systems for Ra
7、diation Processing 51431, Practice for Dosimetry in Electron Beam and X-ray(Bremsstrahlung) Irradiation Facilities for Food Processing 2.3 ISO ISO 1995, ISBN 92-67-10188-9 Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement3)ISO 11137, Sterilization of Health Care Products-Requirements for Validat
8、ion and Routine Control-Radiation Sterilization4)2.4 ICRU 5)ICRU Report 14 Radiation Dosimetry: X Rays and Gamma Rays with Maximum Photon Energies Between 0.6 and 50 MeV ICRU Report 17 Radiation Dosimetry: X Rays Generated at Potentials of 5 to 150 kV ICRU Report 34 The Dosimetry of Pulsed Radiation
9、 ICRU Report 35 Radiation Dosimetry: Electron Beams with Energies Between 1 and 50 MeV ICRU Report 37 Stopping powers for Electrons and Positrons ICRU Report 60 3 3.1 3.1.1 , D . SI (Gy) . 1 kg 1 Joule (1 Gy 1 J/kg). d dm . d dm (ICRU 60 ). mD d/d= (1) 3.1.2 3.1.3 3) ISO Central Secretariat, Postal
10、56, 1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland. . 4) Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, 1110 North Glebe Road, Suite 220, Arlington, VA 22201-4795, U.S.A. . 5) International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, 7910 Woodmont Ave., Suite 800 Bethesda, MD 20814, U.S.A. .KS A ISO AS
11、TM 51707:2012 3 3.1.4 (3.1.38 3.1.39 ). %1001=xSCVn(2) 3.1.5 . , . 3.1.6 3.1.7 3.1.8 3.1.9 , . 3.1.9.1 . . , . 3.1.10 3.1.10.1 , . 3.1.11 3.1.12 (dosimeter batch) , , KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 4 3.1.13 , , , . 3.1.14 ( ) . 3.1.14.1 “ ” . , . 3.1.15 3.1.15.1 “ ”(2.3, ) . . . 3.1.16 . . =iiiVPE (3) Vi：
12、 i , Pi： i x . = dxxxfE )( (4) f(x)： x . 3.1.17 , 3.1.17.1 , KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 5 , , . 3.1.18 3.1.18.1 , , . , 25 3.1.19 3.1.20 3.1.21 3.1.22 3.1.23 3.1.23.1 : (substitution method), , 3.1.24 3.1.25 1 , 3.1.26 KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 6 3.1.27 ( , ) 3.1.28 (3.1.32 ). 3.1.28.1 ( ) , . . 3.1.29
13、 , 1 . 3.1.30 ( ) , ; , 3.1.30.1 “ ”, “ ” . 3.1.31 ( ) 3.1.31.1 . 3.1.32 ( ) ： , , , , 3.1.32.1 “ ” . . KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 7 3.1.33 ( ) . ： , , , , , 3.1.33.1 . . , . 3.1.34 3.1.35 , 3.1.35.1 “ ” , : , , , . . 3.1.36 1 -, -, - , 3.1.37 . , (n) . nixnxii.3,2,11= (5) xi , i 1, 2, 3,n 3.1.38 Sn 1
14、 3.1.39 (n 1) , . 21nS ()()12nxxi(6) KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 8 xi , i 1, 2, 3,n, x n (3.1.37 ) 3.1.40 3.1.41 . 3.1.41.1 “ ” . , . (ASTM E 170 E 456, E 177 ). 3.1.42 3.1.43 , , , . 3.1.44 3.1.44.1 . “ ” “ ” (5.1.1 ). 3.1.45 ( ) A 3.1.46 ( ) B 3.1.47 ( ) 3.1.47.1 KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 9 , ( ) . .
15、, . . . 3.1.48 3.1.49 ( ) , , 25 kGy 4 4.1 , , X- ( ) , , (ISO/ASTM 51204 51431 ). (ISO 11137 2.3 ). (ISO/ASTM 51261 ). , , . , ICRU 14, 17, 34, 35 5, 6 . 4.2 (2.3 ). ASTM . , (ASTM E 170 E 456, E 177 ). , A B . A B . 4.3 , , , . ; , . , , . 4.4 . 4.5 . . . KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 10 5 5.1 5.1.1 , . , , . 5.1.2 , . 5.1.3 , . . 5.1.3.1 , . , ; . 5.1.4 , . . 5.1.5 . . 5.2 , , 5.2.1 , . , , . 5.2.2 . . . 0 . . . . “ ” “ ” . ; . 5.2.3 . , , , . , 0 . KS A ISO ASTM 51707:2012 11 . . , . 5.2.4 . ; . 5.3 5.3.1 . . ( ) ( ). . 5.3.2 . 5.3.2.1
