1、 International Standard ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-1:2015 Petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant materials An American National Standard Approved No
2、vember 23, 2015 Reference number AN SI / N AC E M R 0 1 7 5 / I SO 1 5 1 5 6 : 2 0 1 5 ANSI/NACE/ISO 2015 Item No. 21307 COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT These materials are subject to copyright claims of ISO and NACE. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic re
3、trieval system, without the prior written permission of NACE. All requests pertaining to the ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 standard should be submitted to NACE. All rights reserved. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) ISO Central Secretariat BIBC II Chemin de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 1214 V
4、ernier, Geneva Switzerland Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 Web: www.iso.ch NACE International 15835 Park Ten Place Houston, TX 77084-5145 Tel. +1 281-228-6223 Fax +1 281-228-6300 Web: www.nace.org Printed in the U.S.A. by NACE International ii NACE/ISO 2015 All rights reserved ANSI/NACE
5、 MR0175/ISO 15156 NACE/ISO 2015 iii Contents Page Foreword . iv Introduction . v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 2 3 Terms and definitions 3 4 Abbreviated terms 6 5 General principles .6 6 Evaluation and definition of service conditions to enable material selection 7 7 Selection of materials resist
6、ant to SSC/SCC in the presence of sulfides from existing lists and tables 7 8 Qualification of materials for H2S service .8 8.1 Material description and documentation .8 8.2 Qualification based upon field experience .8 8.3 Qualification based upon laboratory testing .8 8.3.1 General 8 8.3.2 Sampling
7、 of materials for laboratory testing 9 8.3.3 Selection of laboratory test methods9 8.3.4 Conditions to be applied during testing 9 8.3.5 Acceptance criteria .9 9 Report of the method of selection or qualification 9 Bibliography . 11 ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 iv NACE/ISO 2015 Foreword ISO (the Inter
8、national Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has
9、been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical st
10、andardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in acco
11、rdance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Detai
12、ls of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an en
13、dorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee re
14、sponsible for this document is ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-1:2009), which has been technically revised to contain the following
15、changes in the Scope and Clause 5: replacement of the term “conventional elastic design criteria” by the term “load controlled design methods”; inclusion of improved guidance on the approach to the qualification of materials for use with strain-based design methods. ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 consis
16、ts of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum and natural gas industries Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production: Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant materials Part 2: Cracking resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the
17、 use of cast irons Part 3: Cracking resistant CRAs (corrosion resistant alloys) and other alloys ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 NACE/ISO 2015 v Introduction The consequences of sudden failures of metallic oil and gas field components, associated with their exposure to H2S-containing production fluids, l
18、ed to the preparation of the first edition of ANSI/NACE MR0175, which was published in 1975 by the National Association of Corrosion Engineers, now known as NACE International. The original and subsequent editions of ANSI/NACE MR0175 established limits of H2S partial pressure above which precautions
19、 against sulfide stress cracking (SSC) were always considered necessary. They also provided guidance for the selection and specification of SSC-resistant materials when the H2S thresholds were exceeded. In more recent editions, NACE MR0175 has also provided application limits for some corrosion-resi
20、stant alloys, in terms of environmental composition and pH, temperature, and H2S partial pressures. In separate developments, the European Federation of Corrosion issued EFC Publication 16 in 1995 and EFC Publication 17 in 1996. These documents are generally complementary to those of NACE though the
21、y differed in scope and detail. In 2003, the publication of the three parts of ISO 15156 and ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 was completed for the first time. These technically identical documents utilized the above sources to provide requirements and recommendations for materials qualification and selec
22、tion for application in environments containing wet H2S in oil and gas production systems. They are complemented by NACE TM0177 and NACE TM0284 test methods. The revision of this part of ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 involves a consolidation of all changes agreed and published in the Technical Circular
23、 1, ANSI/NACE MR0175/ ISO 15156-1:2009/Cir.1:2014(E), published by the ISO 15156 Maintenance Agency secretariat at DIN. The changes were developed by, and approved by the ballot of, representative groups from within the oil and gas production industry. The great majority of these changes stem from i
24、ssues raised by document users. A description of the process by which these changes were approved can be found at the ISO 15156 maintenance website www.iso.org/iso15156maintenance. When found necessary by oil and gas production industry experts, future interim changes to this part of ANSI/NACE MR017
25、5/ISO 15156 will be processed in the same way and will lead to interim updates to this part of ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 in the form of Technical Corrigenda or Technical Circulars. Document users should be aware that such documents can exist and can impact the validity of the dated references in th
26、is part of ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156. The ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 Maintenance Agency at DIN was set up after approval by the ISO Technical Management Board given in document 34/2007. This document describes the makeup of the agency, which includes experts from NACE, EFC, and ISO/TC 67, and the p
27、rocess for approval of amendments. It is available from the ISO 15156 maintenance Web site and from the ISO/TC 67 Secretariat. The Web site also provides access to related documents that provide more detail on ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 maintenance activities. ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 NACE/ISO 201
28、5 1 Petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant materials WARNING Metallic materials selected using ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 are resistant to cracking
29、in defined H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production but not necessarily immune to cracking under all service conditions. It is the equipment users responsibility to select materials suitable for the intended service. 1 Scope This part of ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 describes general prin
30、ciples and gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of metallic materials for service in equipment used in oil and gas production and in natural-gas sweetening plants in H2S-containing environments, where the failure of such equipment can pose a risk to the health a
31、nd safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements given in the appropriate design codes, standards, or regulations. This part of ANSI/NACE M
32、R0175/ISO 15156 addresses all mechanisms of cracking that can be caused by H2S, including sulfide stress cracking, stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen-induced cracking and stepwise cracking, stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking, soft zone cracking, and galvanically induced hydrogen stress crack
33、ing. Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this part of ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 is applicable, including permitted exclusions. This part of ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using load c
34、ontrolled design methods. For design utilizing strain-based design methods, see Clause 5. This part of ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 is not necessarily applicable to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment. ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 2 NACE/ISO 2015 Table 1 List of equipment AN
35、SI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-1 is applicable to materials used for the following equipment Permitted exclusions Drilling, well construction, and well-servicing equipment Equipment exposed only to drilling fluids of controlled compositiona Drill bits Blowout preventer (BOP) shear bladesb Drilling riser s
36、ystems Work strings Wireline and wireline equipmentc Surface and intermediate casing Wells, including subsurface equipment, gas-lift equipment, wellheads, and christmas trees Sucker rod pumps and sucker rodsd Electric submersible pumps Other artificial lift equipment Slips Flowlines, gathering lines
37、, field facilities, and field processing plants Crude-oil storage and handling facilities operating at a total absolute pressure below 0.45 MPa (65 psi) Water-handling equipment Water-handling facilities operating at a total absolute pressure below 0.45 MPa (65 psi) Water injection and water disposa
38、l equipment Natural-gas treatment plants Transportation pipelines for liquids, gases, and multiphase fluids Lines handling gas prepared for general commercial and domestic use For all equipment above Components loaded only in compression a See ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-2:2015, A.2.3.2.3 for more in
39、formation. b See ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-2:2015, A.2.3.2.1 for more information. c Wireline lubricators and lubricator connecting devices are not permitted exclusions. d For sucker rod pumps and sucker rods, reference can be made to NACE MR0176. 2 Normative references The following documents, in
40、whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-2:2015,
41、Petroleum and natural gas industries Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low alloy steels, and the use of cast irons ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-3:2015, Petroleum and natural gas industries Materials for use in H2S-containin
42、g environments in oil and gas production Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 NACE/ISO 2015 3 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 blowout preventer BOP mechanical
43、 device capable of containing pressure, used for control of well fluids and drilling fluids during drilling operations 3.2 braze, verb join metals by flowing a thin layer (of capillary thickness) of a lower-melting-point non-ferrous filler metal in the space between them 3.3 carbon steel alloy of ca
44、rbon and iron containing up to 2 % mass fraction carbon and up to 1.65 % mass fraction manganese and residual quantities of other elements, except those intentionally added in specific quantities for deoxidation (usually silicon and/or aluminium) Note 1 to entry: Carbon steels used in the petroleum
45、industry usually contain less than 0.8 % mass fraction carbon. 3.4 christmas tree equipment at a wellhead for the control of fluid production or injection 3.5 cold work, verb deform metal plastically under conditions of temperature and strain rate that induce strain hardening, usually, but not neces
46、sarily, conducted at room temperature 3.6 corrosion-resistant alloy CRA alloy intended to be resistant to general and localized corrosion of oilfield environments that are corrosive to carbon steels (3.3) 3.7 ferrite body-centred cubic crystalline phase of iron-based alloys 3.8 ferritic steel steel
47、whose microstructure (3.15) at room temperature consists predominantly of ferrite (3.7) 3.9 hardness resistance of metal to plastic deformation, usually measured by indentation 3.10 heat-affected zone HAZ ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 4 NACE/ISO 2015 portion of the base metal that is not melted during
48、brazing, cutting, or welding, but whose microstructure (3.15) and properties are altered by the heat of these processes 3.11 heat treatment heating and cooling a solid metal or alloy in such a way as to obtain desired properties Note 1 to entry: Heating for the sole purpose of hot working is not con
49、sidered heat treatment. 3.12 hydrogen-induced cracking HIC planar cracking that occurs in carbon and low alloy steels when atomic hydrogen diffuses into the steel and then combines to form molecular hydrogen at trap sites Note 1 to entry: Cracking results from the pressurization of trap sites by hydrogen. No externally applied stress is required for the formation of hydrogen-induced cracks. Trap sites capable of causing HIC are commonly found in steels with high impurity levels that have a high density of planar inclusions and/or regi
