1、2010 年国际关系学院英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案与解析一、匹配题0 Please match the following authors with their works.(10 points)1. Death of a Salesman2. As You Like It3. The Garden Party4. The Forsyte Saga5. Herzog6. Dubliners7. The Vicar of Wakefield8. Man and Superman9. To Have and Have not10. V.11. Decline and Fall12. Ani
2、mal Farm13. The Naked and the Dead14. The Catcher in the Rye15. Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking16. Of Plymouth Plantation17. In Memory of W. B. Yeats18. Invisible Man19. Pickwick Papers20. The Grapes of Wrath1 William Bradford2 James Joyce3 Thomas Pynchon4 Evelyn Waugh5 J.D. Salinger6 Charles Di
3、ckens7 Norman Mailer8 Katherine Mansfield9 Saul Bellow10 William Shakespeare11 Ralph Ellison12 W. H. Auden13 John Galsworthy14 John Steinbeck15 Ernest Hemingway16 Walt Whitman17 George Orwell18 Oliver Goldsmith19 George Bernard Shaw20 Arthur Miller二、填空题21 Eugene ONeill borrowed freely from the best
4、traditions of(1)drama, be it Greek(2), or the(3)of Ibsen, or the(4)of Strindberg.22 Black literature flourished in the(5)in the Northeast part of New York City called(6), a neighborhood of poor black slums.23 Mark Twain, pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne(7), started off as a(8)colorist. His novel (9)is
5、the one book from which, as Hemingway noted, “all(10)American literature comes“.24 Virginia Woolf experimented with the(11)technique in her novel To the(12)25 Of English drama in the first quarter of the 20th century mention should be made briefly of the theatrical activities in the two provincial c
6、enters of(13)and(14)26 The school of(15)in English literature and art in the last decades of the(16)century is mainly represented by Walter Pater and Oscar Wilde, with(17)as its chief authority and source of inspiration and(18)as its most popular spokesman.27 Beowulf probably existed in its oral for
7、m as early as the(19)century, and its hero and his adventures are placed in(20)and southern Sweden rather than in England.三、评论题28 Please read the following poem and write a comment in about 300 words.(50 points)To AutumnSEASON of mists and mellow fruitfulness,Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun;C
8、onspiring with him how to load and blessWith fruit the vines that round the thatch-eaves run;To bend with apples the mossd cottage-trees,And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core;To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shellsWith a sweet kernel; to set budding more,And still more, later flowers f
9、or the bees,Until they think warm days will never cease,For Summer has oer-brimmd their clammy cells.Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store?Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may findThee sitting careless on a granary floor,Thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing wind;Or on a half-reapd furrow sound as
10、leep,Drowsd with the fume of poppies, while thy hookSpares the next swath and all its twined flowers;And sometimes like a gleaner thou dost keepSteady thy laden head across a brook;Or by a cider-press, with patient look,Thou watchest the last oozings hours by hours.Where are the songs of Spring? Ay,
11、 where are they?Think not of them, thou hast thy music too, While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day,And touch the stubble-plains with rosy hue;Then in a wailful choir the small gnats mournAmong the river sallows, borne aloftOr sinking as the light wind lives or dies;And full-grown lambs loud bl
12、eat from hilly bourn;Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble softThe red-breast whistles from a garden-croft;And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.29 Please read the following story and make a comment in about 500 words.(70 points)To Build a FireDay had broken cold and gray, exceedingly cold
13、and gray, when the man turned aside from the main Yukon trail and climbed the high earth-bank, where a dim and little-travelled trail led eastward through the fat spruce timberland. It was a steep bank, and he paused for breath at the top, excusing the act to himself by looking at his watch. It was
14、nine oclock. There was no sun nor hint of sun, though there was not a cloud in the sky. It was a clear day, and yet there seemed an intangible pall over the face of things, a subtle gloom that made the day dark, and that was due to the absence of sun. This fact did not worry the man. He was used to
15、the lack of sun. It had been days since he had seen the sun, and he knew that a few more days must pass before that cheerful orb, due south, would just peep above the sky-line and dip immediately from view.The man flung a look back along the way he had come. The Yukon lay a mile wide and hidden unde
16、r three feet of ice. On top of this ice were as many feet of snow. It was all pure white, rolling in gentle undulations where the ice-jams of the freeze-up had formed. North and south, as far as his eye could see, it was unbroken white, save for a dark hair-line that curved and twisted from around t
17、he spruce-covered island to the south, and that curved and twisted away into the north, where it disappeared behind another spruce-covered island.But all thisthe mysterious, far-reaching hair-line trail, the absence of sun from the sky, the tremendous cold, and the strangeness and weirdness of it al
18、lmade no impression on the man. It was not because he was long used to it. He was a newcomer in the land, a chechaquo, and this was his first winter. The trouble with him was that he was without imagination. He was quick and alert in the things of life, but only in the things, and not in the signifi
19、cances. Fifty degrees below zero meant eighty-odd degrees of frost. Such fact impressed him as being cold and uncomfortable, and that was all. It did not lead him to meditate upon his frailty as a creature of temperature, and upon mans frailty in general, able only to live within certain narrow limi
20、ts of heat and cold; and from there on it did not lead him to the conjectural field of immortality and mans place in the universe. Fifty degrees below zero stood for a bite of frost that hurt and that must be guarded against by the use of mittens, ear-flaps, warm moccasins, and thick socks. Fifty de
21、grees below zero was to him just precisely fifty degrees below zero. That there should be anything more to it than that was a thought that never entered his head.As he turned to go on, he spat speculatively. There was a sharp, explosive crackle that startled him. He spat again. And again, in the air
22、, before it could fall to the snow, the spittle crackled. He knew that at fifty below spittle crackled on the snow, but this spittle had crackled in the air. Undoubtedly it was colder than fifty belowhow much colder he did not know. But the temperature did not matter. He was bound for the old claim
23、on the left fork of Henderson Creek, where the boys were already. They had come over across the divide from the Indian Creek country, while he had come the roundabout way to take a look at the possibilities of getting out logs in the spring from the islands in the Yukon. He would be in to camp by si
24、x oclock; a bit after dark, it was true, but the boys would be there, a fire would be going, and a hot supper would be ready. As for lunch, he pressed his hand against the protracting bundle under his jacket. It was also under his shirt, wrapped up in a handkerchief and lying against the naked skin.
25、 It was the only way to keep the biscuits from freezing. He smiled agreeably to himself as he thought of those biscuits, each cut open and sopped in bacon grease, and each enclosing a generous slice of fried bacon.At the mans heels trotted a dog, a big native husky, the proper wolf-dog, gray-coated
26、and without any visible or temperamental difference from its brother, the wild wolf. The animal was depressed by the tremendous cold. It knew that it was no time for travelling. Its instinct told it a truer tale than was told to the man by the mans judgment. In reality, it was not merely colder than
27、 fifty below zero; it was colder than sixty below, than seventy below. It was seventy-five below zero. Since the freezing-point is thirty-two above zero, it meant that one hundred and seven degrees of frost obtained. The dog did not know anything about thermometers. Possibly in its brain there was n
28、o sharp consciousness of a condition of very cold such as was in the mans brain. But the brute had its instinct. It experienced a vague but menacing apprehension that subdued it and made it slink along at the mans heels, and that made it question eagerly every unwonted movement of the man as if expe
29、cting him to go into camp or to seek shelter somewhere and build a fire. The dog had learned fire, and it wanted fire, or else to burrow under the snow and cuddle its warmth away from the air.Once in a while the thought reiterated itself that it was very cold and that he had never experienced such c
30、old. As he walked along he rubbed his cheek-bones and nose with the back of his mittened hand. He did this automatically, now and again changing hands. But rub as he would, the instant he stopped his cheek-bones went numb, and the following instant the end of his nose went numb. He was sure to frost
31、 his cheeks; he knew that, and experienced a pang of regret that he had not devised a nose-strap of the sort Bud wore in cold snaps. Such a strap passed across the cheeks, as well, and saved them. But it didnt matter much, after all. What were frosted cheeks? A bit painful, that was all; they were n
32、ever serious.Empty as the mans mind was of thoughts, he was keenly observant, and he noticed the changes in the creek, the curves and bends and timber-jams, and always he sharply noted where he placed his feet. Once, coming around a bend, he shied abruptly, like a startled horse, curved away from th
33、e place where he had been walking, and retreated several paces back along the trail. The creek he knew was frozen clear to the bottom,no creek could contain water in that arctic winter,but he knew also that there were springs that bubbled out from the hillsides and ran along under the snow and on to
34、p the ice of the creek. He knew that the coldest snaps never froze these springs, and he knew likewise their danger. They were traps. They hid pools of water under the snow that might be three inches deep, or three feet. Sometimes a skin of ice half an inch thick covered them, and in turn was covere
35、d by the snow. Sometimes there were alternate layers of water and ice-skin, so that when one broke through he kept on breaking through for a while, sometimes wetting himself to the waist.That was why he had shied in such panic. He had felt the give under his feet and heard the crackle of a snow-hidd
36、en ice-skin. And to get his feet wet in such a temperature meant trouble and danger. At the very least it meant delay, for he would be forced to stop and build a fire, and under its protection to bare his feet while he dried his socks and moccasins. He stood and studied the creek-bed and its banks,
37、and decided that the flow of water came from the right. He reflected awhile, rubbing his nose and cheeks, then skirted to the left, stepping gingerly and testing the footing for each step. Once clear of the danger, he took a fresh chew of tobacco and swung along at his four-mile gait.In the course o
38、f the next two hours he came upon several similar traps. Usually the snow above the hidden pools had a sunken, candied appearance that advertised the danger. Once again, however, he had a close call; and once, suspecting danger, he compelled the dog to go on in front. The dog did not want to go. It
39、hung back until the man shoved it forward, and then it went quickly across the white, unbroken surface. Suddenly it broke through, floundered to one side, and got away to firmer footing. It had wet its forefeet and legs, and almost immediately the water that clung to it turned to ice. It made quick
40、efforts to lick the ice off its legs, then dropped down in the snow and began to bite out the ice that had formed between the toes. This was a matter of instinct. To permit the ice to remain would mean sore feet. It did not know this. It merely obeyed the mysterious prompting that arose from the dee
41、p crypts of its being. But the man knew, having achieved a judgment on the subject, and he removed the mitten from his right hand and helped tear out the ice-particles. He did not expose his fingers more than a minute, and was astonished at the swift numbness that smote them. It certainly was cold.
42、He pulled on the mitten hastily, and beat the hand savagely across his chest.The man took a chew of tobacco and proceeded to start a new amber beard. Also, his moist breath quickly powdered with white his mustache, eyebrows, and lashes. There did not seem to be so many springs on the left fork of th
43、e Henderson, and for half an hour the man saw no signs of any. And then it happened. At a place where there were no signs, where the soft, unbroken snow seemed to advertise solidity beneath, the man broke through. It was not deep. He wet himself halfway to the knees before he floundered out to the f
44、irm crust.He was angry, and cursed his luck aloud. He had hoped to get into camp with the boys at six oclock, and this would delay him an hour, for he would have to build a fire and dry out his foot-gear. This was imperative at that low temperaturehe knew that much; and he turned aside to the bank,
45、which he climbed. On top, tangled in the underbrush about the trunks of several small spruce trees, was a high-water deposit of dry fire-woodsticks and twigs, principally, but also larger portions of seasoned branches and fine, dry, last-years grasses. He threw down several large pieces on top of th
46、e snow. This served for a foundation and prevented the young flame from drowning itself in the snow it otherwise would melt. The flame he got by touching a match to a small shred of birchbark that he took from his pocket. This burned even more readily than paper. Placing it on the foundation, he fed
47、 the young flame with wisps of dry grass and with the tiniest dry twigs.But before he could cut the strings, it happened. It was his own fault or, rather, his mistake. He should not have built the fire under the spruce tree. He should have built it in the open. But it had been easier to pull the twi
48、gs from the brush and drop them directly on the fire. Now the tree, under which he had done this carried a weight of snow on its boughs. No wind had blown for weeks, and each bough was fully freighted. Each time he had pulled a twig he had communicated a slight agitation to the treean imperceptible
49、agitation, so far as he was concerned, but an agitation sufficient to bring about the disaster. High up in the tree one bough capsized its load of snow. This fell on the boughs beneath, capsizing them. This process continued, spreading out and involving the whole tree. It grew like an avalanche, and it descended without warning upon the man and the fire, and the fire was blotted out! Where it had burned was a mantle of fresh and disordered snow.The man was shocked. It was as though he had just heard his own sentence of death. For a moment he sat and stared at the spo
