1、2012 年厦门大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案与解析一、匹配题0 Match the authors or poets in Column I with the literary trends in Column II.(8 points)1)Modernism2)Imagism3)Romanticism4)Transcendentalism5)Pre-romanticism6)Realism7)Post-modernism8)Neo-classicism1 Henry David Thoreau2 George Gordon Byron3 Joseph Conrad4 Thomas
2、Pynchon5 Amy Lowell6 Henry Fielding7 Henry James 8 Thomas Gray二、名词解释9 Allegory10 avant-garde11 ballad12 Black Mountain poets13 Bloomsbury Group14 Eco-criticism三、评论题15 Pecola Breedlove(from: The Bluest Eye)16 Frederic Henry(from: A Farewell to Arms)17 Emma Woodhouse(from; Emma)18 Pip(from: Great Expe
3、ctations)19 Yossarian(from; Catch-22)20 Quentin Compson(from; The Sound and the Fury)四、问答题21 The first half of the 18th century is called the Age of Pope. Why?22 Sinclair Lewis is the first American writer who got the Nobel Prize for Literature. Why do you think he deserve the prize?五、分析题23 Read the
4、 following poem and write a short essay based on the following questions in about 100 words.(8 points)Im nobody by Emily Dickinson(1830 - 1886)Im nobody, Who are you?Are you nobody too?Then theres a pair of us.Dont telltheyd banish us, you know.How dreary to be somebody!How publiclike a frogTo tell
5、your name the livelong JuneTo an admiring bog.What, in your opinion is the theme of this poem?What is the meaning of each stanza?What is your attitude towards fame?2012 年厦门大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案与解析一、匹配题1 【正确答案】 Transcendentalism2 【正确答案】 Romanticism3 【正确答案】 Modernism4 【正确答案】 D)Post-modernism【试题解析】 托马斯品钦(
6、1937 一)，美国作家，作品常描写荒诞晦涩的主题，是后现代主义文学的代表人物之一。代表作有V 、万有引力之虹(Gravity Rainbow)等。5 【正确答案】 E)Imagism【试题解析】 艾米洛威尔是意象派诗歌运动的后期领导者，她的贡献在于把意象派诗歌引人美国，并扩大了其影响。她的诗集有男人、女人和幽灵(Men，Women and Ghosts)、浮世图(Pictures of the Floating World) 。6 【正确答案】 F)Neo-classicism【试题解析】 英国新古典主义时期介于 1660 年英国斯图亚特王朝复辟与以华兹华斯和柯勒律治 1798 年合作出版的
7、抒情歌谣集(Lyrical Ballads)为创始标志的浪漫主义时期之间。该时期的作家在创作时寻求表达与措辞上的协调、统一、和谐与典雅，努力使作品喜闻乐见并富于教义。亨利菲尔丁(1707 一 1754)就是这一时期小说领域的代表人物，其作品有大人物乔纳森菲尔德传(The Life and Death of Jonathan Wild，the Great)、汤姆琼斯(The History of Tom Jones ，a Foundling)等。7 【正确答案】 G) Realism8 【正确答案】 H)Pre-romanticism【试题解析】 托马斯格雷(1805 一 1869)是 18 世
8、纪英国诗人， 墓畔挽歌(Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard)是其代表作。墓畔挽歌体现了英国诗歌从新古典主义向浪漫主义的过渡。一方面，该诗歌的语言精雕细琢，符合新古典主义推崇的诗歌用词要求；另一方面，该诗歌表现了对自然以及对人与人之间和谐关系的渴望，这首诗歌标志着英国早期浪漫主义诗歌的开始。二、名词解释9 【正确答案】 Allegory is a story with a second distinct meaning partially hidden behind its literal meaning. The principal technique
9、of allegory is personification, whereby abstract qualities are given human shape. An allegory may be conceived as a metaphor that is extended into a structured system, as it involves a continuous parallel between two levels of meaning in a story.10 【正确答案】 Avant-garde was once the French military and
10、 political term. Since the late 19th century, it extended to artists and writers who were dedicated to the idea of art as experiment and revolt against tradition. Ezra Pounds view “Artists are the antennae of the race“ , is a distinctly modern one, implying a duty to stay ahead of ones time through
11、innovation in forms and subjects.11 【正确答案】 Ballad is a folk song or orally transmitted poem telling in a direct and dramatic manner. Some ballad stories usually derived from a tragic incident in local history or legend. These stories are told simply, impersonally, and often with vivid dialogues. App
12、earing in many parts of Europe in the late Middle Age, ballads flourished particularly strongly in Scotland from the 15th century onward.12 【正确答案】 The Black Mountain poets, sometimes called projectivist poets, are a group of the mid-20th century American avant-garde or postmodern poets centered on B
13、lack Mountain College. Turning away from the poetic tradition espoused by T. S. Eliot, these poets emulated the free style of William Carlos Williams. Charles Olsons essay Projective Verse became their manifesto. Olson emphasized the creative process, in which the poets energy is transferred through
14、 the poem to the reader. Inherent in this new poetry was the reliance upon decidedly American conversational language.13 【正确答案】 Bloomsbury group is a loose coterie of writers linked by friendship to the homes of Vanessa Stephen and her sister Virginia in Bloomsbury from 1906 to the late 1930s. It ha
15、d no doctrine or aim, despite a shared admiration for the moral philosophy of G. E. Moore, but the group had some importance as a centre of modernizing liberal opinion in the 1920s.14 【正确答案】 Eco-criticism is the study of literature and environment from an interdisciplinary point of view, where all s
16、ciences come together to analyze the environment, and brainstorm possible solutions for the correction of the contemporary environmental situation. Eco-criticism borrows methodologies and theoretically informs approaches liberally from other fields of literary, social and scientific study.三、评论题15 【正
17、确答案】 Pecola Breedlove is the protagonist of the novel, an eleven-year-old black girl who considers herself ugly, while having blue eyes would make her beautiful. Sensitive and delicate, she passively suffers the abuse of her mother, father, and classmates. Pecola is a symbol of the black communitys
18、self-hatred and belief in their own ugliness. At the end of the novel, we are told that Pecola has been a scapegoat for the entire community. She becomes a reminder of human cruelty and an emblem of human suffering.16 【正确答案】 Frederic Henry is the novels narrator and protagonist. Being a young Americ
19、an ambulance driver in the Italian army during World War I, Henry meets his military duties with quiet stoicism. He displays courage in battle, but he distances himself from such abstract notions as faith, honor, and patriotism. His life lacks real passion until he meets the beautiful Catherine Bark
20、ley, and his narration after Catherines death confirms his love and his loss.17 【正确答案】 Emma Woodhouse is the protagonist of the novel. She is pretty, clever and rich. But in some way, Emma is mature for her age, as she is already the head of her fathers household and she cares for her father and ove
21、rsees the social goings-on in the village. She always misplaces confidence in her abilities as a matchmaker and her prudish fear of love creates obstacles to her own achievement of true love. Thanks to the help and guides of Mr. Knightley, Emma develops in maturity and self-awareness.18 【正确答案】 Pip i
22、s the protagonist and narrator of the novel. He begins the story as a young orphan boy being raised by his sister and brother-in-law in the marsh country of Kent. Pip is passionate, romantic, and somewhat unrealistic at heart, and he tends to expect more for himself than is reasonable. Pip also has
23、a powerful conscience, and he deeply wants to improve himself, both morally and socially.19 【正确答案】 Yossarian is the protagonist of the novel. He is a captain in the Air Force and a lead bombardier in his squadron, but he hates the war. His powerful desire to live has led him to the conclusion that m
24、illions of people are trying to kill him. This insistence on self-preservation creates a conflict for him. Even though he is determined to save his own life at all costs, he nonetheless cares deeply for the other members of his squadron and is traumatized by their deaths.20 【正确答案】 Quentin Compson is
25、 the oldest one in the Compsons. He feels an inordinate burden of responsibility to live up to the familys past greatness and prestige. He is a very intelligent and sensitive young man, but is paralyzed by his obsession with Caddy and his preoccupation with a very traditional Southern code of conduc
26、t and morality. When he found his own family members have disregarded the Southern code, he was driven to despondency and eventually suicided.四、问答题21 【正确答案】 The first half of the 18th century is the Neo-classical Age or the Age of Pope. It is under the influence of the Enlightenment, the guiding pri
27、nciple of which is ration, natural right and equality. So the Neo-classicism not only reflects principles and concerns of the literature of ancient Greece and Rome, but also emphasizes the simple form, restrained emotion and balanced, orderly rationality.Popes poems fully express the essential featu
28、res of English Neo-classicism, such as the control of emotion, worship of reason and adherence to the styles and aesthetic principles of ancient Greek and Roman classical art. His philosophical essays, his keen satiric and moral sensibility and his mastering of the heroic couplet make him outshoot h
29、is age and win him the position of one of the greatest poets and satirists. Above all, Pope and his works best exemplify the Neo-classicism, so the first half of the 18th century is called the Age of Pope.22 【正确答案】 Lewis is well-known for his masterpiece Main Street, which is a bitter criticism of t
30、he dullness, hypocrisy, prejudice and oppression of life in a Middle Western village. Though some critics of America do not think Lewis deserves the honor of Nobel Prize, I believe he deserves the honor for the following reasons; First, Lewis works very hard to capture characteristic details. The pr
31、etensions of a small-town society, the thinness of its culture, the pathos and pettiness of the lives, the scenes, the colors and the appearances and actions of the characters in his novel are portrayed in such a great detail that they produce photographic verisimilitude. Second, he is the master of
32、 satire. In this novel, Lewis displays his ability to reveal the ludicrousness of a character or the absurdity of a situation, and touched them up in exaggeration, thus turning them into effective satire. Third, when Lewis is satirizing the smug provincial complacency, he not only emphasizes on the
33、comic and ridiculous, but also wants to reform the America he pictured by skillfully arousing his readers sympathies for the non-conformists in a conformist society.五、分析题23 【正确答案】 Dickinsons light tone and childish voice in this poem mocks the pretensions of the public world. The poems first stanza
34、tells how the speaker meets a fellow “nobody“. Together, the two nobodies can enjoy each others company and their share anonymity. But the speaker admonishes her nobody friend not to tell, for she doesnt want to be kicked out from the “ nobody world“ , the reason of which is explained in the second
35、stanza more self-confidently: outside the “nobody world“ is the “dreary somebody“ society, where everyone is like frog. These frogs have nothing important to say; instead, they advertise their own names, over and over, selling themselves for the purpose of maintaining their fame, but not having any
36、substance behind it. In the meanwhile, the masses are stupid to allow them to do so.Im sharing Dickinsons attitude to fame. Some seek and gain fame by croaking their names; they can receive nothing but the foolish admiration. In this way, it is better to be a humble but self-confident nobody than a proud somebody.
