1、MBA（英语）阅读理解练习试卷 20 及答案与解析一、Section III Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.0 Learning disabilities are very common. They affect perhaps 10 percent of all children. Fou
2、r times as many boys as girls have learning disabilities.Since about 1970, new research has helped brain scientists understand these problems better. Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused by many different things. There is no longer any
3、question that all learning disabilities result from differences in the way the brain is organized.You cannot look at a child and tell if he or she has a learning disability. There is no outward sign of the disorder. So some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong.I
4、n one study, researchers examined the brain of a learning-disabled person who had died in an accident. They found two unusual things. One involved cells in the left side of the brain, which control language. These cells normally are white. In the learning-disabled person, however, these cells were g
5、ray. The researchers also found that many of the nerve cells were not in a line the way they should have been. The nerve cells were mixed together.The study was carried out under the guidance of Norman Geschwind, an early expert on learning disabilities. Doctor Geschwind proposed that learning disab
6、ilities resulted mainly from problems in the left side of the brain. He believed this side of the brain failed to develop normally. Probably, he said, nerve cells there did not connect as they should. So the brain was like an electrical device in which the wires were crossed.Other researches did not
7、 examine brain tissue. Instead, they measured the brains electrical activity and made a man of the electrical signals.Frank Duffy experimented with this techniques at Childrens Hospital Medical Center in Boston. Doctor Duffy said his research is evidence that reading disabilities involve damage to w
8、ide area of the brain, not just the left side.1 Scientist found that the brain cells of a learning-disabled person differ from those of a normal person in _.（A）structure and function（B） color and function（C） size and arrangement（D）color and arrangement 2 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in th
9、e passage?（A）Learning disabilities may result from the unknown area of the brain.（B） Learning disabilities may result from damage to a wide area of the brain.（C） Learning disabilities may result from abnormal organization of brain cells.（D）Learning disabilities may result from problems in the left s
10、ide of the brain. 3 All of the following statements are true EXCEPT that _.（A）many factors account for learning disorder（B） a learning-disabled person shows no outward signs（C） reading disabilities are a common problem that affects 10 percent of the population（D）the brain activity of learning-disabl
11、ed children is different from that of normal children 4 Doctor Duffy believed that _.（A）he found the exact cause of learning disabilities（B） the problem of learning disabilities was not limited to the left side of the brain（C） the problem of learning disabilities resulted from the left side of the b
12、rain（D）the problem of learning disabilities did not lie in the left side of the brain 5 According to the passage we can conclude that further researches should be made _.（A）to investigate possible influences on brain development and organization（B） to study how children learn to read and write, and
13、use numbers（C） to help learning-disabled children to develop their intelligence（D）to explore how the left side of the brain functions in language learning 5 The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market oriented economy in which consumers largely determine w
14、hat shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make their profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen: and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures
15、, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be pr
16、oduced and how resources are used to produce it.An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall i
17、n response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be a bit up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing i
18、ts cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system.The important factor in a private-oriented economy is that individuals
19、are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources
20、 but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.6 In Line 9, Para.1, “the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes“ means _.（A）Americans are never satisfied with their incomes（B） Americans tend to ove
21、rstate their incomes（C） Americans want to have their incomes increased（D）Americans want to increase the purchasing power of their incomes 7 The first two sentences in the second paragraph tell us that _.（A）products can satisfy the consumers by mechanized producers（B） consumers can express their dema
22、nds through producers（C） producers decide the price of products（D）supply and demand regulate prices 8 According to the passage, a private-enterprise economy is characterized by _.（A）private property and rights concerned（B） manpower and natural resources control（C） ownership of productive resources（D
23、）free contracts and prices 9 The passage is mainly about _.（A）how American goods and services are produced（B） how American consumers buy their goods（C） how the American economic system works（D）how American businessmen make profits MBA（英语）阅读理解练习试卷 20 答案与解析一、Section III Reading ComprehensionDirections
24、: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 在文章的第四段，作者说，研究人员发现学习能力缺陷者的脑细胞的颜色为灰色，而正常人则为白色，并且神经细胞排列方式不同。所以 D 为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 只有 A 表示的内容未提及。【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 C【试
25、题解析】 只有 C 的陈述有误。学习能力缺陷是一个常见的问题，其影响范围为儿童的 10%，而不是全部人口的 10%。【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 全文的最后一句提供了解题答案。Duffy 医生说他的研究表明学习能力缺陷涉及对大脑大面积损伤而不仅限于左半脑。【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 全文并没有就影响大脑发展和构成的因素达成一致的看法，仍需进一步研究，所以答案为 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 解此题的关键在于联系上下文去理解 maximize 的含义。该词一般作“使增加到尽可能大”解，但它在
26、上下文中的意思是：“充分利用”。如果不联系上下文而是孤立地去理解 maximize，那么很可能会选错。The desire of individuals to maximize their incomes 的意思是：“人们充分利用自己收入的欲望”，也就是人们希望钱能值钱，也即人们希望提高购买力，这与 D 的内容同义，因此D 为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解7 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 解此题须用排除法。将四个选项与第一、二句一一对照，A 错。mechanized 的意思是：“机械化的”，mechanized producers 显然不通，因此可以排除。B 也错，它说：“消费者通过生产者表
27、达他们的需求”，这与第一句的定语从句的意思有出入，该从句的意思是：“通过这一机制，消费者的要求可以得到表达，并由生产者做出反应。”C 也错，因为价格由谁决定，这两句未提及。 D 为正确答案，“供求决定价格”，这正是第二句后半句的内容。【知识模块】 阅读理解8 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 解此题的关键在于根据题中的关键词 a private-enterprise economy找到解题的依据。原文最后一段第一句出现了 privateenterprise economy，因此，最后一段就是解题依据。将四个选项与最后一段一一对照，B 不对，它仅表达了第一句的部分内容。C 也不对，它也仅表达了第一句的部分内容。 D 也不对，它仅表达了最后一句的部分内容。三个选项都只反映了局部而非全部内容。正确答案为A，它表达了最后一句由 not onlybut also 连接的全部内容：私人财产和有关的权利。【知识模块】 阅读理解9 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 此题为中心思想题。A、B 和 D 都只表达了文章的部分内容，都不全面。从文章第三段的第一句话即可看出，本文主要是与美国经济制度有关，它谈到了其经济制度的特点以及运行机制，因此 C 为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解
