1、翻译硕士英语模拟试卷 13 及答案与解析一、Vocabulary1 The hidden room is _ only through a secret back entrance.（A）obtainable（B） achievable（C） attainable（D）accessible2 I didnt like myself _ in that way.（A）to be praised（B） praised（C） be praised（D）to have been praised3 What a sad sight, with all the shops _ and the people
2、 gone.（A）shuttled（B） shuttered（C） shuttles（D）shutters4 Thomas Hardys novels are said to suffer from the “long arm of coincidence“ because too many events seem to have a casual rather than a _ connection.（A）incidental（B） substantial（C） causal（D）plausible5 Even before the train had come to a stop, the
3、 massive onslaught of bodies engulfed us from all sides.（A）plunging（B） outpouring（C） striking（D）withdrawing6 “Common language“ here usually means a foreign language, but the same point applies in principle _ any encounter with unfamiliar dialects or styles within a single language.（A）to（B） for（C） wi
4、th（D）on7 The Vatican condemned the technology as _.（A）instructive（B） perverse（C） rewarding（D）salutary8 The leaders were seen _ in the hall but they didnt make known the problems（A）be assembling, discussed（B） assembling, discussed（C） assembled, discussing（D）be assembled, discussing9 Mergers may be ef
5、fective to revive or rejuvenate failing business by the infusion of new management and personnel.（A）inspection（B） introduction（C） evaluation（D）concentration10 We _ the letter yesterday, but it didnt arrive.（A）must receive（B） must have received（C） ought to receive（D）ought to have received11 When he f
6、inally emerged from the cave after thirty days, John was _ pale.（A）enormously（B） startlingly（C） uniquely（D）dramatically12 Thank you for applying for a position with our firm. We do not have any openings at this time, but we shall keep your application on _ for months.（A）pile（B） segment（C） sequence（D
7、）file13 Now a paper in Science argues that organic chemicals in the rock come mostly from _ on earth than bacteria on Mars.（A）configuration（B） constitution（C） condemnation（D）contamination14 Several decades ago, wealthy people liked hunting wild animals for fun _ sightseeing.（A）rather than to go（B） m
8、ore than going（C） other than going（D）than to go15 Her father is so deaf that he has to use a hearing _.（A）aid（B） help（C） support（D）tool16 Although the model looks good on the surface, it will not bear close _.（A）temperament（B） scrutiny（C） contamination（D）symmetry17 This book comes as a _ to him who
9、learns a lot from it.（A）revelation（B） replacement（C） resolution（D）revolution18 A well-written composition _ good choice of words and clear organization among other things.（A）calls on（B） calls for（C） calls up（D）calls off19 David tends to feel useless and unwanted in a society that gives so much _ to
10、those who compete well.（A）prestige（B） regime（C） superiority（D）legislation20 _ the fact that he is an adult now, we should give him more freedom.（A）In consideration of（B） In comparison with（C） In light of（D）In contrast to二、Reading Comprehension20 Every market activity is an investment in time, energy
11、 and money. Few companies would spend a large sum of money on, say, a purchase of capital equipment without a full investigation into why it is needed, the choices available, and the expected return on what has been spent. Yet every year the vast majority of companies invest a large amount of money
12、in marketing actions without knowing what their financial worth to the company or likely return will be. By introducing the disciplines arising from market planning, a company should be able to ensure that the costs of marketing planning show a reasonable return and are calculated in the same way as
13、 all other business investments.Many managers believe that the costs of marketing form an additional expense that has to be accepted in order to sell their goods. Whilst it is true that many companies use certain tools of marketing for this purpose, it is also true that the most successful companies
14、 accept marketing as an essential part of the companys total commercial operation, for it is an essential cost in the same way as production or finance.Companies often avoid planning marketing procedures in detail because of the effort needed to express their forward policy in a written form. Manage
15、rs commonly consider that their time is too valuable to spend on anything other than urgent operational problems. In fact, the manager who spends his time on dealing with current administrative detail is almost certain to have ignored proper planning in the past. For, if properly prepared, the marke
16、ting plan will contain sufficient details of the companys policy and operational strategy for the work to be done by an assistant. As the many alternative courses of action are programmed, the assistant takes any actions or decisions which are appropriate. Only unusual situations need be dealt with
17、by the manager.The first step in preparing a marketing plan is that of producing the information necessary for decision making. Usually, a company will have within its own administration and control system the raw material necessary for the plans foundations. In addition, there is plenty of publishe
18、d information which is made available by government departments, institutions and the press.Marketing research is yet to be fully exploited by the majority of companies. It has so far only been used by companies that have recognized that their existing information sources are inadequate. Because of
19、the scale of operations that now confronts the typical businessman, it is essential that investment decisions are based upon relevant information, so reducing the business risk.For a marketing-oriented activity to produce lasting results the entire operation has to be systematically planned. By prod
20、ucing basic information in written form and establishing aims for the future, the company is creating standards against which actual performance can be measureD. Documentation of detailed policy actions then provides the basis for controlling the companys operation. Future trends may be predicted th
21、rough the investigation of all factors likely to influence company results.21 The amount of money spent on marketing by most companies each year _.（A）equals the amount spent on capital equipment（B） does not give a good return on the investment（C） is not based on an assessment of its potential value（
22、D）is viewed by these companies as an important business investment22 Managers usually regard the costs of marketing as _.（A）something which increases the cost of goods（B） helpful but not essential to a companys success（C） less important than investment in production（D）an unnecessary extra business c
23、ost23 Why are marketing plans not written down by many managers?（A）They do not have time to do it.（B） They know it would be difficult to do.（C） They never follow any particular marketing plan.（D）They do not think it is really necessary24 Good marketing procedures allow a manager _.（A）to take differe
24、nt courses of action（B） to do less work than others（C） to avoid unforeseen problems（D）to give more responsibility to others25 How should a manager begin writing a marketing plan?（A）By doing market research outside the company.（B） By looking at information produced by other companies.（C） By analyzing
25、 procedures already used by the company.（D）By finding information from many different sources.25 The Roman language served as the first model for answering the question. Even to someone with no knowledge of Latin, the similarities among Roman languages would have made it natural to suggest that they
26、 were derived from a common ancestor. On the assumption that the shared characteristic of these languages came from the common ancestor, it would have been possible to reconstruct many of the characteristics of the original common language. In much the same way it became clear that the branches of t
27、he Indo-European family could be studied and a hypothetical family tree constructed, reading back to a common ancestor. This is the tree approach. The basic process represented by the tree model is one of divergence: when languages become isolated from one another, they differ increasingly, and dial
28、ects gradually become different until they become separate languages.Divergence is by no means the only possible tendency in language evolution. Johannes Schmidt introduced a “wave“ model, in which linguistic changes were like waves, eventually leading to convergence; that is, growing similarity amo
29、ng languages that were initially quite different.Today, however, most linguists think primarily in terms of familytrees. It is necessary to construct some models of how language change might occur according to a process-based view. There are four main classes of models.The first is the process of in
30、itial colonization, by which an uninhabited territory becomes populated; its language naturally becomes that of the colonizers. Second are processes of divergence, such as the linguistic divergence arising from separation or isolation mentioned above in relation to early models of the Indo-European
31、languages. The third group of models is based on processes of linguistic convergence. The wave model, formulated by Schmidt in the 1870s, is an example, but convergence methods have not generally found favor among linguists.Now, the slow and rather static operation of these processes is complicated
32、by another factor: linguistic replacement. That factor provides the basis for a fourth class of models, in many areas of the world the languages initially spoken by the indigenous people have come to be replaced, fully or partially, by languages spoken by people coming from outside. Were it not for
33、this large complicating factor, the worlds linguistic history could be faithfully described by the initial distribution of Homo Sapiens, followed by the gradual workings of divergence and convergence. So linguistic replacement also has a key role to play in explaining the origins of the Indo-Europea
34、n languages.26 The characteristics of the original common language can be described on the basis of _.（A）the similarities among Romance languages（B） the hypothetical family tree（C） the process known as divergence（D）the common features of Roman languages27 According to Johannes Schmidt, _.（A）language
35、s change on a large scale like waves（B） divergence is not the only possible tendency in language change（C） language evolution can be explained in terms of divergence and convergence（D）different languages will become increasingly similar until they develop into one language28 It can be inferred from
36、paragraph 4 that _.（A）there doesnt exist any satisfactory model of language change（B） most linguists explain language change only in terms of divergence（C） most linguists generally dont accept the idea of language convergence（D）the first process in language evolution is colonization, followed by div
37、ergence29 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?（A）Linguistic replacement can be ignored for the linguistic history to be fully described.（B） Linguistic replacement cannot be ignored in explaining where the Indo-European languages come from（C） Because of linguistic replacement, the
38、 other three models prove to be incorrect（D）Compared with the other models, linguistic replacement is the most important model30 This passage is primarily written to _.（A）discuss the importance of linguistic replacement（B） introduce the origin of the Indo-European language（C） explain the divergence
39、of the Indo-European languages（D）introduce models concerning the origin of the Indo-European languages30 It so happened that Lucy, who found daily life rather chaotic, entered a more solid world when she opened the piano. She was then no longer either deferential or patronizing; no longer either a r
40、ebel or a slave. The kingdom of music is not the kingdom of this world; it will accept those whom breeding and intellect and culture have alike rejected. The commonplace person begins to play, and shoots into the empyrean without effort, whilst we look up, marveling how he has escaped us, and thinki
41、ng how we could worship him and love him would he but translate his visions into human actions. Perhaps he cannot; certainly he does not, or does so very seldom. Lucy had done so never.She was no dazzling execultante; nor was she the passionate young lady, who performs so tragically on a summers eve
42、ning with the window open. Passion was there, but it could not be easily labeled. And she was tragical only in the sense that she was great, for she loved to play on the side of Victory. Victory of what and over what-that is more than the words of daily life can tell us. But that some sonatas of Bee
43、thoven are written tragic no one can gainsay; yet they can triumph or despair as the player decides, and Lucy had decided that they should triumph.A very wet afternoon at the Pension Bertolini permitted her to do the thing she really liked, and after lunch she opened the little draped piano. A few p
44、eople lingered round and praised her playing, but finding that she made no reply, dispersed to their rooms to write up their diaries or to sleep. She took no notice of Mr. Emerson looking for his son, nor of Miss Bartlett looking for Miss Lavish, nor Miss Lavish looking for her book. Like every true
45、 performer, she was intoxicated by the mere feel of the notes.Mr. Beebe, sitting unnoticed in the window, pondered over this illogical element in Lucy Honeychurch, and recalled the occasion at Tunbridge Wells when he had discovered it. It was at one of those entertainments where the upper classes en
46、tertain the lower. The seats were filled with a respectful audience, and the ladies and gentlemen of this parish, under the auspices of their vicar, sang, or recited, or imitated the drawings of a champagne cork. Among the promised items was Miss Honeychurch. Piano. Beethoven, and Mr. Deebe was wond
47、ering whether it would be Adelaida, or the march of The Ruins of Athens, when his composure was disturbed by the opening bars of Opus III. He was in suspense all through the introduction for not until the pace quickens does one know what the performer intends. With the roar of the opening theme he k
48、new that things were going extraordinarily; in the chords that herald the conclusion he heard the hammer strokes of victory. He was glad that she only played the first movement, for he could have paid no attention to the winding intricacies of the measure of nine-sixteen. The audience clapped, no le
49、ss respectful. It was Mr Bebee who started the stamping; it was all that one could do.Who is she? He asked the vicar afterwards.Cousin of one of my parishioner. I do not consider her choice of a piece happy Beethoven is so usually simple and direct in his appeal that it is sheer perversity to choose a thing like that, which, if anything disturbs.When he was introduced, Mr. Beebe realized. that Miss Honeychurch, disjoined from her music-stool,
